 I'm trying to make it both in English and with this terrible sense. So I'm very happy to be here. I'm very sorry for my poor English, I'm not English speaker, I'm French speaker. And however, I think the origin of endo-ryupine seen from prehistoric archaeology is very easy, a stress, very easy, very clear, no doubt. It's coming from modern humans, coming into Europe around 40 or 45,000 and it's going on. So we are Asiatic in the world. We're not African, by no means. This is happening around 40, 45,000 years old. And I take a picture of Sungil, it's a poorly known civilization in Eastern Europe, but it's the earliest one. Wonderful burials, wonderful technology, wonderful mythologies. This is European. Well, well, well, well. Where is the bottle, the right bottle? In the beginning of the system. Yes, but to switch it on? Aha, sabotage. Here we go. Yeah, if you use this button. You know, there's always been a war between the Netherlands and the Belgians, and this is the result. So we are in a huge step during the Pleistocene, the Upper Pleistocene, as we say. Very dry, very cold, but sunny. It's very favorable for the hunting and for the game. And you see, you have in the room yellow, what is nowadays sees, but was at that time topic areas. So we have a wide highway from Asia to Europe, the same continent. You see, you have not nose and see, you have no channel, you have not the Caspian sea, you have no Adriatic sea, all that was just one land. And the people were moving, they were moving like the horses, like the bovets, like the mammoths. They didn't need wheel, they don't need chariot, they were just moving very fast, like the Indians nowadays, in the same environments. And why in high latitudes, our stress is high latitude, because in high latitudes we always have sun, and the sun is going the same way from east to west. This high latitude means that we have a wonderful landscape like this. No clouds. Well, I'll try again. Yeah. And I want to stress this point for the people who would not be archaeologists yet, that we have the wide dispersal, you see, the raw material here, it's much longer than the whole raw material during the middle part. There is a break between the two. They are very local, 100 kilometers around, or many more hundreds kilometers, when you are in apopatic periods. So it proves by just an example that people were moving and transporting their raw material as well. And I have to stress this pendants that we have all across Eurasia at that time. For instance, the animals remains, like teeth, are exploring more than a few hundreds, but to 1,000 kilometers far. It is important because all these modern humans in Europe, coming in Europe, are rearing beds, are rearing pendants, showing difference between men and animals. They want to show themselves as being in upper class by the animal symbols. See what I mean? So it's completely new world, exactly like today in our mind. At that time also, we have new weapons, like the spears, the straw, and the arrow now. And you have a grow in the demographic curve. Right there. For millions of people, you have a growing demographic occupation. This is Europe. This is the only Indo-European population, stressed, put it in your mind, and don't forget. This is the only time where Europe has been invaded. No Neolithic, no Cogon, nothing. Only apopatic is a change in both in demographic civilization and in genes. All the rest are marginal effect. So if we compare the dwelling, very easy. This is archaeology, first class. You see, on the left you have the population dwelling places of middle-pathic, and on the right you have the same area, dwelling places in upper-pathic. They are just very easy to count. So many, about 20 more dwelling places during upper-pathic than middle-pathic. See? This is very crude, very easy to count down. There are much more people during upper-pathic. They are invaders. And you have to take into account that this is about 300,000 years, 300,000 years. This is about 30,000 years. So you have to multiply if you want. You are able to, and this is also to give you a hint of the relationship between the landscape that has been reconstructed by, about apopatic landscape in Europe at that time, Steppe, okay, Colster, and the game which was there, horses, bovets, radium, and this arch. As you know, figuratively, arch coming with upper-pathic. There is already a very interesting synthesis between the lion and the man, the picture of a man, picture of a lion. So it's actually a new picture completely taken from the mythology, taken from the new situation that the humanity gives to himself in this natural world. He has the power on the animals. This is apopatic. This is us. This is European. And this power is given by the symbol of images. Nowhere, nothing before, and it's going on today. You have this also very important calendar, lunar calendar since very early apopatic to the left and late apopatic to the right. And nowadays still in use in Mongoloid migration. So we have them everywhere in Europe at that time because they were migrating, but they were migrating not based on the sun movement, because when there are nomadic people they don't care about sun movement because the sun is rising anywhere when you're moving yourself. So it's always a lunar calendar. The moon is much more important than the sun for the people moving. Is it clear what I say? Okay. And also, as I said, there is a complete difference between the Neanderthal world. I think they were very clever, by the way, Neanderthal. No doubt. They're smart, but they don't behave the same way as the apopatic modern humans. And one of these differences is linked to the raw material. The raw material now is given by the animal itself. You see here the reindeer antlers or the ivory taken from mammoth tusks, you have all this, and these natural weapons like the antlers are returned back to the animal itself by the weapons. This is very new. It has never happened before. All the weapons were either on the wood or on the lyrics and it changed. So the relationship exactly like the image are together with the animals and the man. Exactly the weapon and then the economy is based on different relationship between men and animals. This is us. This is a very interesting image. Maybe you know the show of the cave to the very left, the Columbia in the very right. You have exactly the same iconography, the same star, and the same dates. This is origination about 35,000 years old on both situations. Very west, very east. This is one unity. This is origination. And this is also what we have with the modern men is creating images, creating pictures from some part of the wide world, some part only. It doesn't represent everything, but you choose some part of the symbolic world which is used for himself as the riding. I'll show you. Here we are riding horses either wide or on the saddle. And these are movement very quick, very fast, and very often. There is no need for wheel, no need for a chair because they are moving very fast. This is their own land going back and forth all across Eurasia. This is in Europeans. Everything we have after like newly dig, this is only marginal or inside. I can explain if you have time. All this Iberian movement or the basket or the finish, all this is inside apopaitic. The base is apopaitic. First, if you check the DNA, why not? You have the Oase in Romania which is Neanderthal and you see immediate difference with below there which is modern human. Whatever the DNA in the past can mean, you have immediately very obvious, a complete different population. I don't speak about species of course. They are the same species, no doubt, but they are different populations. Not only the culture, not only the weapons, the art, but even the DNA are different. No doubt. This is European. Don't look everywhere. And this is our own excavation. We have been excavating in Zagros, like in Iran, but also in central, more central Asia. You have the dispersal of modern man, the upper map, and the lower map, ensuring the new expansion of this early modern man. I stress in other words, simple words, Cromagnon or Orignation. That's what we have everywhere in Europe. And also what we have in the southern central Asia. Like Zagros, like Northern India, my chance, and also Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan is exactly the same. Not in Turkey. Not in Turkey. And this is a new pathogenetic problem. You know this paper from Foo. You have all this same continuity of all across Europe during upper paedic, the same population, and including to the very right of your slide, the Asiatic path of this Eurasia. And you see on the back, the dates, but on the hold, you have the same people. In other words, we can speak about archaeologists, about Orignation, Gravestian, Magdalenia, blah, blah, blah. All these civilizations are the same population. But we can see here, there is a break there with Nernathal. I mean the upper paedic. It is the weekend. Well, it's not so important in the demorphic time in the middle. And then there is a break. And this break, what is Africa? This is what we call Solitrion. But the population came back, as you see by the side, to the late upper paedic, what we call Magdalenia. And then it goes on to nowadays populations. Because there is one influence from Africa to the very west of the continent. But nothing, nothing, stress, take note. Nothing is coming from Africa about modern human in Europe. Nothing is coming from Africa, trust me. And this is a new DNA. You see on the nowadays population. And there, on the scale, we have the time depth of this movement population. Everything is axed just by chance on the southwest Asia, coming to Europe, nothing by Africa, by the way. And exactly the same as you, as a philologist, you can define as being the Indo-European. Exactly the same tracks we have in DNA and in our ecology, the same ax, southwest, northeast. That's what we are. If you really want to be serious, first, forget the African influence. Second, don't speak about Krogan and neurodegonvasion. This stupid is out of there. There is no way. This is the only data we can have either on ecology or in history of our own DNA now. This is European and Indo-European. It's not older than 40,000. But after 40,000, it's going on and on and on. And you have to consider that our, now, our civilization is Mesolithic, in quotes, where the Mesolithic people of Europe are going everywhere. And we have touched upon Neolithic by acculturation here and there. But we are still Mesolithic people. I mean, in insolence, I don't know. And this is what we have, and we are so sensitive to this Chauvet art because we are exactly the same. We still are. If you haven't to go to Australia, and you will see as old, old pictures as this, but you will not feel them because they are not your own. These are your own. Thank you for listening, everybody, for question, but no criticism, please.