Ausare

Chinese invaders rape Vietnamese noblewoman Trung Trac and murder her husband

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Sino Vietnam war aided by Russian/Soviet

Soviet support sustained Vietnamese operations in Cambodia. Military aid in 1978 approached US$800 million annually, but after the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia and the Chinese attack on Vietnam in February 1979, the figure rose to almost US$1.4 billion. The sharp increase, reflecting the Soviet effort to replace quickly Vietnamese equipment losses on the SinoVietnamese border, was subsequently reduced to between US$800 and 900 million in 1980 and between US$900 million and 1 billion in 1981. Military aid increased to 1.7 billion annually in the 1982- 85 period, and decreased to an estimated US$1.5 billion in 1985. Reported Soviet dissatisfaction with Hanoi's handling of Cambodia, stemming from the stalemated battlefield situation and its high costs, did not appear to affect Moscow's decision to continue to provide assistance for the war. At the end of 1987, there was no indication that the Soviets were pressing Vietnam to resolve the conflict.

In addition to its role as Vietnam's exclusive donor of military aid, the Soviet Union in 1987 was also Vietnam's largest contributor of economic aid and its biggest trade partner. During the Third Five-Year Plan (1981-85), the Soviets provided some US$5.4 billion in balance-of-payments aid, project assistance, and oil price subsidies. Total economic aid for 1986 was an estimated US$1.8 billion. The Soviets also have been a major supplier of food and commodity aid on a mostly grant-aid or softcurrency basis. By 1983 they were supplying 90 percent of Vietnam's petroleum, iron and steel, fertilizer, and cotton imports and 70 percent of its grain imports.

Soviet-Vietnamese ties in the mid-1980s were sound, although troubled by some underlying strain. The Vietnamese distrusted Soviet intentions and resented Hanoi's dependent role; the Soviets in turn distrusted the Vietnamese for not confiding in them. Reportedly, on a number of occasions Moscow learned of major Vietnamese policy plans and changes only after the fact. According to some foreign observers, the Soviets were not entirely prepared for the sudden deterioration in Sino-Vietnamese relations in 1978, and they may not have been aware of the full extent of Vietnamese plans in Cambodia. Others believe the Soviet Union was aware of the deterioration and was allowing Vietnam to play the role of proxy in Moscow's own dispute with Beijing.
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Asian American Statistics

Educational Attainment (Bachelor degree or higher)
Vietnamese - 23.5% (!emphasized!)
Chinese - 50.2% (notable mention)
Japanese - 43.7%
Korean - 50.8% (notable mention)
Filipino - 47.9%
Indian - 67.9% (respected)
White - 29.7%

Professional Occupations
Vietnamese - 29.2% (!emphasized!)
Chinese - 52.0% (notable mention)
Japanese - 48.4%
Korean - 43.0% (notable mention)
Filipino - 39.7%
Indian - 60.6% (respected)
White - 37.6%

Production/Transportation Occupation
Vietnamese 21% (unintelligent)
Indian 7.2 %
Chinese 7.9%
Filipinos 10%
Japanese 5.8%
Korean 10.4%

Not Proficient in English
Vietnamese - 40.4 (Not surprising at all)
Chinese - 31.3
Filipinos - 7.0
Japanese - 10.0
Koreans - 32.9

Less than High School
Vietnamese - 37.8 (Extremely humiliating)
Chinese - 23.6
Filipinos - 13.1
Japanese - 9.5
Koreans - 13.8

Public Assistance
Vietnamese - 4.8 (Enjoying your welfare?)
Chinese - 1.8
Filipinos 1.6
Japanese - 0.9
Koreans - 1.6

Sources
www.census.gov/prod/2007pubs/ac s-05.pdf
www.asian-nation.org/demographi cs.shtml

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