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Best0fScience uploaded a new video
(1 day ago)
"Evolution is REAL Science #3" by
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"Evolution is REAL Science #3" by
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• http://www.anevol...
Does the evidence support Evolution?
Theories are crucial to science because they provide a coherent framework for making sense out of scientific observations.
An example of such a theory is the Theory of Evolution. Without the theoretical framework of evolution, biologists would be limited to observing living things and noting the similarities and differences between them.
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Basic virology combined with cutting-edge molecular research leads us to a powerful explanation of a large set of biological observations. These observations only make sense using the REAL science of evolution.
Read more about this topic:
• http://www.talkor...
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Jeremy Mohn is a Biology teacher doing everything he possibly can to stand up to the influential creationist organizations currently trying to sway public opinion in their favor. He feels that it is extremely important to stand up for REAL science in public school science classrooms.
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Best0fScience uploaded a new video
(3 days ago)
The Beautiful Universe: Chandra in HD (2): Chandra reveals Center of the...
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The Beautiful Universe: Chandra in HD (2): Chandra reveals Center of the Milky Way and the Galactic Ridge.
Since its launch on July 23, 1999, the Chandra X-ray Observatory has been NASA's flagship mission for X-ray astronomy, taking its place in the fleet of "Great Observatories."
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The Milky Way, or simply the Galaxy, is the galaxy in which the Solar System is located. It is a barred spiral galaxy that is part of the Local Group of galaxies. It is one of billions of galaxies in the observable universe.
Some sources hold that, strictly speaking, the term Milky Way should refer exclusively to the band of light that the galaxy forms in the night sky, while the galaxy should receive the full name Milky Way Galaxy, or alternatively the Galaxy. However, it is unclear how widespread this convention is, and the term Milky Way is routinely used in either context.
• http://en.wikiped...
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NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory is a telescope specially designed to detect X-ray emission from very hot regions of the Universe such as exploded stars, clusters of galaxies, and matter around black holes. Because X-rays are absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, Chandra must orbit above it, up to an altitude of 139,000 km (86,500 mi) in space.
The Smithsonian's Astrophysical Observatory in Cambridge, MA, hosts the Chandra X-ray Center which operates the satellite, processes the data, and distributes it to scientists around the world for analysis. The Center maintains an extensive public web site about the science results and an education program.
Chandra carries four very sensitive mirrors nested inside each other. The energetic X-rays strike the insides of the hollow shells and are focussed onto electronic detectors at the end of the 9.2- m (30-ft.) optical bench. Depending on which detector is used, very detailed images or spectra of the cosmic source can be made and analyzed.
Chandra has imaged the spectacular, glowing remains of exploded stars, and taken spectra showing the dispersal of elements. Chandra has observed the region around the supermassive black hole in the center of our Milky Way, and found black holes across the Universe.
Chandra has traced the separation of dark matter from normal matter in the collision of galaxies in a cluster and is contributing to both dark matter and dark energy studies. As its mission continues, Chandra will continue to discover startling new science about our high-energy Universe.
• http://chandra.ha...
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Best0fScience uploaded a new video
(5 days ago)
Hubblecast 11: M74 (NGC 628) - A Grand Design In A Galactic Festoon.
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Hubblecast 11: M74 (NGC 628) - A Grand Design In A Galactic Festoon.
The galaxy Messier 74 ("The Phantom Galaxy") lies at a distance of over 30 million light years. In this latest image from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope the enormous swirls of this stunning spiral galaxy arc across space, adorned with glowing pink regions of hydrogen gas and lit by the pale blue light of millions of newly formed stars.
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Messier 74 (also known as NGC 628) is a face-on spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. The galaxy contains two clearly-defined spiral arms and is therefore used as an archetypal example of a Grand Design Spiral Galaxy.
The galaxy's low surface brightness makes it the most difficult Messier object for amateur astronomers to observe. However, the relatively large angular size of the galaxy and the galaxy's face-on orientation make it an ideal object for professional astronomers who want to study spiral arm structure and spiral density waves.
M74 was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1780. Méchain then communicated his discovery to Charles Messier, who listed the galaxy in his catalog.
M74 is the brightest member of the M74 Group, a group of 5-7 galaxies that also includes the peculiar spiral galaxy NGC 660 and a few irregular galaxies. Although different group identification methods may consistently identify many of the same member galaxies in this group, the exact group membership is still uncertain.
• http://en.wikiped...
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Hubblecast features news and Images from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST).
The space-based observatory is a collaboration between NASA and ESA. The observations are carried out in visible, infrared and ultraviolet light. In many ways Hubble has revolutionised modern astronomy.
The Hubble Space Telescope has made some of the most dramatic discoveries in the history of astronomy. From its vantage point 600 km above the Earth, Hubble can detect light with "eyes" five times sharper than the best ground-based telescopes and looks deep into space where some of the most profound mysteries are still buried in the mists of time.
Hubble European Space Agency Information Centre, Garching/Munich, Germany
• http://www.eso.org
• http://www.spacet...
• http://hubblesite...
Dr. J is a German astronomer at the ESO. His scientific interests are in cosmology, particularly on galaxy evolution and quasars. Dr. J's real name is Joe Liske and he has a PhD in astronomy.
• http://www.eso.or...
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Best0fScience uploaded a new video
(1 week ago)
The Standard Model of Particle Physics (Part 5): Electrons, Protons And ...
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The Standard Model of Particle Physics (Part 5): Electrons, Protons And Neutrons.
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The Standard Model of particle physics is a theory of three of the four known fundamental interactions and the elementary particles that take part in these interactions. These particles make up all visible matter in the universe.
Every high energy physics experiment carried out since the mid-20th century has eventually yielded findings consistent with the Standard Model.
Still, the Standard Model falls short of being a complete theory of fundamental interactions because it does not include gravitation, dark matter, or dark energy. It is not quite a complete description of leptons either, because it does not describe nonzero neutrino masses, although simple natural extensions do.
• http://en.wikiped...
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ELECTRONS
The particle itself is a fundamental particle and is too small to be seen by any imaginable instrument of observation. So we instead represent the properties that allow the electron to interact. The central small dot represents the weak charge of the electron. This charge entirely separate from electric charge gives rise to the Weak Nuclear Force.
This force causes radioactive decay and its typical range is much smaller than the diameter of a proton.
The larger volume of shifting purple is meant to represent the Electric Charge of the electron. This charge is the generator of the Electromagnetic Force which has infinite range although the drop off in strength is pretty dramatic as we move away from the electron.
The Electromagnetic Force is how electrons interact with other electrically charged particles and with magnetic fields. These interactions make the structure of atoms and molecules possible. This gives rise to almost all of the complexity that we see around us.
PROTONS
The Proton is composed of two up quarks and one down quark (as you can see from the tiny rings of color near the center of each quark.) The overall charge of the proton is positive and so we have given it a gold shell. (Note that we can simply add the charges of the individual quarks to get the charge of the proton).
The red, green, and blue colors of the quarks represent the color charge which generates the Strong Nuclear Force that holds them together. It comes in three different charges represented here by the three colors, and for different colors the force is attractive.
The mediator of the Strong Force (the particle that is exchanged in an interaction) is a gluon. We represent gluon exchange as the occasional wispy strings between the quarks. As you can see the gluons have color themselves, and each gluon exchange causes the quarks involved to swap color. Although we show the quark motion inside the proton as leisurely, they are actually traveling close to the speed of light.
NEUTRONS
The Neutron is composed of two down quarks and one up quark (as you can see from the tiny rings of color near the center of each quark.) The overall charge of the neutron is neutral and so we have given it a silver shell. (note that we can simply add the charges of the individual quarks to get the charge of the neutron. )
The red, green, and blue colors of the quarks represent the color charge that generates the Strong Nuclear Force that holds them together. It comes in three charges represented here by the three colors, and for different colors the force is attractive.
The mediator of the Strong Force (the particle that is exchanged in an interaction) is a gluon. We represent gluon exchange as the occasional wispy strings between the quarks. As you can see the gluons have color themselves, and each gluon exchange causes the quarks involved to swap color. Although we show the quark motion inside the neutron as leisurely, they are actually traveling close to the speed of light.
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The Cassiopeia Project - making science simple!
The Cassiopeia Project is an effort to make high quality science videos available to everyone. If you can visualize it, then understanding is not far behind.
• http://www.cassio...
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Best0fScience uploaded a new video
(1 week ago)
Hubble's Universe Unfiltered 12 (Nov. 2009): A Flash Of Brilliance
In Mar...
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Hubble's Universe Unfiltered 12 (Nov. 2009): A Flash Of Brilliance
In March 2002, the star V838 Monocerotis flared to 10,000 times its normal brightness. Hubble turned its gaze on the surprising star and captured a series of images of a "light echo." As the light of the flash travels away from the star, it illuminates more and more of the usually invisible gas and dust around the star. The cause of this mysterious outburst is still unknown, though scientists have some theories.
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* A light echo is light from a stellar explosion echoing off dust surrounding the star. V838 Monocerotis produced enough energy in a brief flash to illuminate surrounding dust, like a spelunker taking a flash picture of the walls of an undiscovered cavern. The star presumably ejected the illuminated dust shells in previous outbursts. Light from the latest outburst travels to the dust and then is reflected to Earth. Because of this indirect path, the light arrives at Earth months after light from the star that traveled directly toward Earth.
* Astronomers do not fully understand the star's outburst. It was somewhat similar to that of a nova, a more common stellar outburst. A typical nova is a normal star that dumps hydrogen onto a compact white-dwarf companion star. The hydrogen piles up until it spontaneously explodes by nuclear fusion - like a titanic hydrogen bomb. This exposes a searing stellar core, which has a temperature of hundreds of thousands of degrees Fahrenheit.
By contrast, V838 Monocerotis did not expel its outer layers. Instead, it grew enormously in size. Its surface temperature dropped to temperatures that were not much hotter than a light bulb. This behavior of ballooning to an immense size, but not losing its outer layers, is very unusual and completely unlike an ordinary nova explosion.
The outburst may represent a transitory stage in a star's evolution that is rarely seen. The star has some similarities to highly unstable aging stars called eruptive variables, which suddenly and unpredictably increase in brightness.
* The echoing of light through space is similar to the echoing of sound through air. As light from the stellar explosion continues to propagate outwards, different parts of the surrounding dust are illuminated, just as a sound echo bounces off of objects near the source, and later, objects further from the source. Eventually, when light from the back side of the nebula begins to arrive, the light echo will give the illusion of contracting, and finally it will disappear.
* V838 Mon is located about 20,000 light-years away from Earth in the direction of the constellation Monoceros, placing the star at the outer edge of our Milky Way galaxy.
• Hubble Watches Light from Mysterious Erupting Star Reverberate Through Space: http://hubblesite...
• Space Phenomenon Imitates Art in Universe's Version of van Gogh Painting: http://hubblesite...
• Light Continues to Echo Three Years After Stellar Outburst: http://hubblesite...
• Hubble's Latest Views of Light Echo from Star V838 Monocerotis: http://hubblesite...
• http://hubblesite...
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peace
Peace!