 Okay, chloroplasts are the organelle that where photosynthesis takes place. And just like we looked at the anatomy of the mitochondria, we're going to look at the anatomy, close-up anatomy of the chloroplast. This is a picture, that was a tough word to come up with, of a chloroplast. And again, I want you to notice that there is an outer membrane, intermembrane space and an inner membrane. The intermembrane space is irrelevant for us when we're talking about the process of photosynthesis. I do want you to notice that the chloroplast also has its own DNA, its own ribosomes. The key structures that we're going to look at here are these flattened stacks of pancakes inside the chloroplast. So let's draw a picture because that's how my brain works. And we'll label the parts that are important for you to know. I do, wow, that's a huge chloroplast. Do you see that, yeah, it totally looks different than the mitochondria already, it looks very different. It does have its own cytoplasm. The cytoplasm in a chloroplast is called stroma. It also has those little stacks of pancakes. And so I'm going to draw them like this. They have space inside them. Okay, okay, okay, okay, that is very good. Look, I'm drawing more. Whoa, sure. And then there's going to be more, okay, whatever. So you get the idea and now watch. The whole stack is called a granum. That's singular. Plural is grana. So I'm going to write that down too. Grana, like grandma, grana, grana is plural. So there are three grana in my chloroplast drawing and this is one granum. A granum is made up of several structures called phylocoids. And the phylocoid is a single pancake. This is a phylocoid. In this granum, I have one, two, three, four phylocoids. And I have a total of eight, nine, 10, 11 phylocoids in my drawing. There is a phylocoid space. Okay, I'm going to turn this into phylocoid space because look, I'm pointing to the inside of it and then I'm going to turn this into a phylocoid. Do you, I've told you that it's really similar to cellular respiration. You're feeling the love, like, oh, this space has some potential here. Maybe something, something's going to be happening inside my phylocoid. True story, I think those are all the pieces, ah, it's green. It's green for a reason, dog pounce. It's green because there are pigments embedded in these phylocoids. And whoa, there. Look at all my pigments. There are, I'm going to tell you what they're called. It's chlorophyll, chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is a pigment that's embedded in all and it's why my chloroplasts look green. All right, what's the point of a chloroplast? Remember that we're taking energy, light energy from the sun here and we're somehow turning that light energy into sugar, what? And that happens in the chloroplast. So, light energy, we have to take a second. We have to do a little aside on light and figure out what exactly is light in order to make this whole thing happen.