 There's all this drumbeat for war and all these financial benefits that will come if only we could take over that sweet, sweet Canadian land. But we don't want to pay taxes for it, right? So immediately we get to debt financed military efforts here. And then even Albert Gallatin, who simply talks about the need for tax increases to pay for it, he is accused of chilling the worst spirit by just simply saying, hey, look, we're going to have to pay for this one way or another. Can you just touch a little bit about this dynamic as well? We now see the Republicans going full bore, not only on expansionist dreams, but we're going to build up war debt in order to do it. Yeah, absolutely. So one of the issues in the buildup to the war was that the war hawks and the invisibles wanted war, but they didn't want to pay it. So of course, no one wanted to raise taxes. Another issue you got to realize here that's important is that 1812 is a presidential election year. So Madison's up for reelection as well as some senators and of course all of the House of Representatives. So if you're the party in power, you never want to raise taxes for an election. You'd rather just defer. And Gallatin in one way he's trying to delay the war or discourage is just trying to support tax increases because he knows that it'll be so unpopular. People won't want the taxes, so they won't want the war. So he's trying to actually put the costs up front and make them visible, which I think is a sort of an ingenious plan. But the Republicans are having nothing of it. And it's basically just agreed that, okay, we will raise some tariffs later on. And we're just going to borrow money for this. And so instead, it's just, all right, just push the cost onto later generations. And so they borrow a tremendous amount. The federal government borrows a lot. And similar to the Revolutionary War, who actually buys these bonds? It's not always the patriotic American. The real mover and shakers are the wealthy financiers because they're the ones fronting the capital. They're taking on a tremendous amount of risk, of risk, which they're hoping the government will subsequently get rid of as we'll talk about. So John Jacob Astor and Stefan Gerard, these two prominent financiers in the Republican Party, they subscribe to about like a $10 million loan. This loan is, they get it, sort of the bonds were risky. They were using depreciated bank notes to pay for it. So they're buying the basically junk bonds because the government, the United States government is having a hard time selling their securities because the war is not doing good. And of course, what they're going to hope for is they're going to push for another central bank, which will increase the price of their debt, right, if those securities are made exchangeable for bank stock. So we'll probably get into that later. But it just shows you again, once you embark upon this war, that you have to ally yourself with sort of crony interests, right? This happens in the American Revolutionary War, happens in the War of 1812. And as we'll talk about later, it happens in the Mexican War. And this of course leads to various privileges. It's benefiting elites and so on in the debt financing of the War of 1812 is no different.