 Nanoparticles have greatly impacted human life in various ways, particularly in biomedical applications such as disease diagnosis, control, and treatment. Inorganic nanoparticles, specifically metal nanoparticles like gold, silver, iron oxide, tellurium, and bismuth, have shown promising results in oncology for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Inorganic nanoparticles have also been explored as a therapeutic agent against cancer in in-vitro and in vivo studies. While inorganic nanoparticles are useful tools for cancer imaging and diagnosis, their potential to attack cancerous cells as anti-cancer substances or carriers for anti-cancer medications should not be overlooked. This article was authored by Mohammad Hossein Yazdi, Zarghem Separizadeh, Mehdi Madavi, and others.