 This retrospective cohort study examined the effectiveness of uniportal endoscopic posterior lateral interbody fusion, Epliff, for treating low back pain caused by degenerative disc disease. The study found that the procedure resulted in successful fusion rates with excellent and good McNab criteria at two years, as well as improvements in visual analog scale, VAEAS, scores in Oswistry Disability Index, ODI, scores. Additionally, there was an increase in the cross-sectional area of the patient's paraspinal muscles on magnetic resonance imaging, MRI, scans taken one year after surgery. This suggests that the procedure may have helped to strengthen the patient's core muscles, which could help to reduce the risk of future back problems. This article was authored by Peng Hong Lu, Hyun Sung Kim, Jin Lu-in, and others.