 inorganic membranes have become increasingly popular in the water treatment and desalination industries due to their unique properties such as high chemical stability, long lifetime, and autoclaveability. These membranes can also withstand harsh conditions such as high temperatures and chemicals, making them ideal for use in industrial settings. Synthesis methods for inorganic membranes include liquid membranes, dynamic membranes, ceramics, carbon-based membranes, silica membranes, and zeolites. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, but all have shown promise in terms of performance and efficiency. Inorganic membranes have been successfully applied in a variety of water treatment processes, including reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, and microfiltration. This article was authored by Amad Kevani Fard, Gordon McKay, Anita Beacon-Hout, and others.