 Oh, no. Can you hear me? Oh, yeah. Sorry. Sorry. I think the mic was off. Is Nina back? No. Okay. Let's just pray and begin and hopefully she'll join us back. Would anyone like to open us in prayer? Jesus, we thank you for this morning that you've given to us for this new day and and Lord, as we have gathered together to learn more of your word and to learn of the people who have laid down their lives for the gospel and who have actually brought you glory, Jesus. Lord, I pray that you would be inspired and that we will learn something new and that we'll apply in our lives. In Jesus' name, Amen. Thank you. Nina's back. Sorry, Nina. I think there was when I started recording, it took you off the call. Okay. So we'll just do a very quick review of what we did last week and then go into this week's content. So we discovered a little bit before the Reformation of a few things that happened. So one was there was a preacher in Florence and who made a big impact through his preaching on revelation. He started to call people back to faith and he also declared that he was a preacher who was chosen by God. And so that was not something that the Pope approved of. And so he was excommunicated and put to death. Then there was the printer, the printing press that was created. And so for the first time Bibles could be printed in large numbers and the Latin Bibles started to be printed in larger numbers. But still because Latin was not a language that was known by everyone, the Bibles were mostly available to clergy, to the priests and church leaders because they were the only ones who could read and speak Latin. Then we see that parts of North and South America were evangelized because of Columbus going out and exploring new parts of the world and taking the Christian faith as he was going to these places. And then we see the beginnings of a Reformation in different parts of Europe. There's Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, England, France, Scotland, all of these different places. There were different groups of people or leaders that God was raising up who started to question some of the things that were happening in the church who started to call people back to the authority of scripture and kind of say that scripture has more authority than the Pope and the leaders of the church, which was what was being followed in the church was that the Pope had ultimate authority. So they were saying no scripture should have authority above everything that every other person that is in the church. So these were some of the major things that happened in the Reformation. So after the Reformation was full-fledged in a lot of parts of Europe, we see that there in England there was a new king named James I who came to power. And when he came to power one of the things that happened was there was a meeting of certain people's council of advisors, people from the church. So the English church had split from Rome. So they had said they no longer wanted to be under the authority of the Pope. And they split off and formed the church of England, which later came to be the Anglican church. And they were under the authority of the English king. So it was actually a political move because the English king didn't want to be under the authority of the Pope. They had made this split within the church. And so the English church then had a few leaders who came before the king and then there was people from the Puritan movement. Now the Puritan movement was called the Puritan movement because it was basically calling people back to purifying of their faith. Just let me know. I'm just scrolling through here on my presentation. Just tell me if your screen changes. Okay. Yeah, I think it's fine. Okay, so the Puritans were calling people back to a faith that was kind of not following a lot of tradition within the church. So the English church, although it had split from the Catholic church, was still somewhere in between. They were still following a lot of traditions from the Catholic church. There was still some hierarchy within the church. There were bishops and leaders. And so the Puritans were saying there should not be this kind of hierarchy. That's not from scripture. We just need a church elders. We don't need these bishops to lead the church. And then they were saying there shouldn't be traditions that the church is following. So they were a different movement that was there. So all of these people came to meet with James I to meet with this king and to address some of the issues within the church because there was a split within the church. So through that meeting, one of the things that came up was the need for an English translation that was available to all the people in the church. So there were many translations of scripture. But most of these translations would have side notes on the translation. And some of these side notes would have things supporting their political views. So one example is the Geneva Bible. And the Geneva Bible, because it came from the Puritan movement, it had questions about the bishops, had questions about the king, should the king have authority over the church, those kinds of things within the Bible were like added comments by the translators. So obviously this was not something that the king himself wanted to be in the Bible. So he agreed for a new translation to be made of scripture. And there were some rules. So one was no additional comments. The only additional comments that could be made was with regard to the Hebrew Greek translation that was being made. Then they were going to go back to the original Greek and Hebrew. They were not going to rely on Latin translations for this text. So they would translate from Greek and Hebrew into English. And they would also use other English translations of the time. So there were several English translations. There was the Tindes. There was the Geneva Bible. There was a great Bible. So lots of different translations that were being used. So they said, we'll use those translations to support the work that we are doing. So in 1607, about 50 translators started working in six groups. They worked in different parts of England and started to translate these scriptures. So it was a large group of people compared to all of the previous translations, which is usually done by one person. Here you had 50 scholars who were working on translating the Bible. And this is why the King James Version became a very, very popular version because a lot of work had gone into it, to translating it and making it available to all people. So it became the standard Bible for the next 350 years. That was the most popularly used English Bible. And it till today is the most printed English book ever. So the most copies of any English book that's been printed is the King James Version. Yeah. So what was achieved here was that the Bible was available to everyone, to the common people. And it was available to them in English that for their time was what they were using, how they spoke to each other. So that was there. And it was a work of so many people rather than just one translator. So that's why it gained a lot of popularity. And it was an authorized version. So it came from the King himself. He was the one who said, let's go ahead and do this translation. Then we move on to 1646. John Eliot. So he went as a missionary to North America to minister to the Native Americans there. So he was the first person to publish writing in the Native language. So till then, they didn't have any written language. They only spoke it or they used pictures to communicate. But he put alphabets to the language and then published work in that language and then also allowed other work to happen among the Americans. So because that language had been put into a script, they were able to continue work with the Native Americans even after he was no longer there. There was work that could be continued based on the work that had already started, the written work that had started. So there were several sermons that were translated into the language. And the first Bible printed in their language, which is a Massachusetts language, was printed for them because of John Eliot's work. Is this slide changing for you all? No? Oh, sorry. Okay. So that's John Eliot. Just some of the major things he did. Work in the Native language, translated sermons, and first complete Bible that was printed in a language from the West. Okay. There we go into 1649, where a missionary society was formed in New England. So this missionary society was formed specifically to take the gospel to other parts of England. So a missionary society was basically a sending agency for missionaries, where missionaries would have the support of a sending organization and would be accountable to that organization. So what was important about these societies is that they were encouraging people to go into missions and they were encouraging people to not only go within England, we'll see later on that they also started to send people outside of England. Okay. So in 1650, we see someone named George Fox. He was born in England. And right from when he was a child, he wanted to know God and he sought God out. And he started this movement called the Quaker Movement. Why it was called the Quaker Movement was because in their meetings, the Holy Spirit would move so powerfully that they would be physically shaking. So to talk about how they were moving, they started to be called the Quakers. Okay. So all of these names are usually names that are given by outsiders who are observing what's happening inside. It's not they themselves that are giving themselves a name. So something that would be seen in their meetings were miraculous healings and several other kinds of gifts that were evidenced when they gathered together. They went through a lot of persecution, a lot of opposition from the outside because of this manifestation of the Holy Spirit, which was something that had not been seen for so many years and suddenly now is coming into the church. So I was not accepted by the church. And so they had, they faced a lot of opposition, but they continued strong in spite of that. They continued in their faith, they continued to meet and had a great impact on different parts of the globe. So right from Turkey to the English colonies. So in North America, the English had moved and formed colonies. All of these places were evangelized through the Quakers. So these people went into all of these places with the gospel. So there was already the church there, there was already work happening there, but they went as missionaries to impact all of these places. By 1656, they had 56 people who were traveling preachers, right? So 1650 is when it started in six years. They had 56 traveling preachers and in 10 years, 40,000 to 60,000 people who were part of their movement, of the Quaker movement. So it was obviously a work of the Holy Spirit. It was not something that was manmade. We see more missionary societies being formed. So now England became the main place from which a lot of missionaries were being sent out. So we saw that first missionary society that was formed and now two were formed in 1698 and 1701. In 1698 to send missionaries to the American colonies. So in North America and then in 1701 to send missionaries to the American colonies and the West Indies. 1726 to 1750 is when the first great awakening happened in North America. So this was along this, so if you can see on the map that East Coast of North America, this was where the English colonies were. And so people had been coming from different parts of Europe and settling here, but they had been colonized by England. So England was ruling over all of these places. But because people had been moving there and had been settling into a new country, there was a lot of hardship for them. There were no shops, there were no facilities that were available to them. So there was a lot of struggle to come into a new place. They had to hunt, they had to gather their own food. There was a lot of war that was being fought with the Native Americans. There was a shortage of churches and people to lead the churches. There was no proper guidance that they were receiving spiritually. And so what happened was there was, although they had moved to North America actually for spiritual, for religious freedom. So a lot of the people who moved there were people who were persecuted by the Catholic Church or by the reigning Protestant churches. They moved to North America for religious freedom because they wanted to be able to practice their faith. And they were like true Christians, the Puritans, the Paitis, people who wanted to be able to practice their faith without fear of the church. But once they came here because of all of the hardship they were facing, they started to slowly abandon their faith. They became very lukewarm in their faith. And so in 1726 to 750 is where we see God kind of reviving the church that had started there. Through two leaders, Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield, who were the major people who contributed to what God was doing there. So Jonathan Edwards, he pastored a church in Northampton, Massachusetts. So Massachusetts is right up here in North America. He was pastoring a church there. And his main concern was that religion had become dead in North America. So people who had gone there with spiritual with spiritual zeal had now lost all of that zeal. And so he started to seek God for a revival in North America. And in 1726, along many of these English colonies, there was a revival that broke out within these places. And during the summer and spring of 1735, Edwards talks about a town in which he preached that was in Northampton, that the presence of God filled that town. So every part of the town was impacted by the spirit of God and God was powerfully at work there. He says there's a scarcely a single person in the town old or young left unconcerned about the great things of the eternal world. So everyone within that town started to think about the things of God. It was during this time where God was moving in all of these different places that through Edwards work in Northampton, people within the town fully within the town were impacted. So the presence of God impacted everyone in that city. His church started to be filled with people who were coming in seeking God, people who were already within the church who had been there for long started to actually see transformation in their lives, which they had not seen in the years past. And one of Jonathan Edwards famous sermons is sinners in the hands of an angry God. So that was when he preached that sermon in 1741. Another leader is George Whitefield. So he was a friend of the Wesley. So he is from England and he was an Anglican clergyman. So the English church was called the Anglican church. So he was part of the Anglican church, but he was not committed to any specific denomination. So he traveled throughout these colonies in North America preaching and teaching and he was very gifted as a preacher and communicator. So wherever he went, people would put down whatever they were doing. So whatever labor they were in, they would stop their work just to go hear him preach because he was there was so much power in his preaching and they would do outdoor preaching. So they would be out in fields out in campsites. So when they came into a place, people would know that they've come in and immediately everything in that town would stop because people would go to hear him preach. One example of his preaching is in Boston, Massachusetts, which is the same place where we talked about Jonathan Edwards, Massachusetts. So in Boston, there were 25,000 people who actually lived in that city. But in one of his, the times he was preaching, there were 30,000 people who actually gathered. That means either it was the whole city plus some other people who would come in or more than what the population of that city was. There were so many people who had gathered to hear him preach. As he was preaching, there were powerful moves of the Holy Spirit. So there are records of how people would be responding as he was preaching. There would be people crying, there would be people repenting. And even after he finished preaching, there would be manifestations of the Holy Spirit because of the Holy Spirit moving through the work that he had done through his preaching and through his sermons. He said to have preached 3,000 sermons on just on John 3, 3, which is Jesus thing. Very truly, I tell you, no one can see the kingdom of God unless they are born again. So through this great awakening, the major preaching was calling people back to God. So calling people to salvation in Jesus Christ. So that was what George Whitefield was doing. And that's where huge impact was found that lots of people were coming to Christ through their preaching. So we'll just stop and do the presentations and then come back. No, they were separate to separate leaders in the awakening. Yeah, I think we'll have to do Francis first because yours is the earlier. So Francis, again, good morning. Again, good morning, you too. I'm going to the roster I took at Willingary. So while I'm preparing, I got a lot of information regarding Willingary and how the missionary work began in India. And Willingary is known as Father of Modern Mission because of his work, what he did in India. He was before, no, he was in the form of like horticulturalist, botanist, agricultural state educator, classical literature translator, publisher of first newspaper in the local language, professor of languages, Bible translator, founder of first Cerebral University in India. Just one man who dearly loved God and obeyed his word. Willingary life was like this. He got married on 1781. His first name is Dorothy Planger. He had five someone, two daughters, both daughters died in France and one son died in India. His name is Peter at the age of five. Dorothy, because of that reason, Dorothy became mentally unstable. A lot of things happened in Willingary life. He can't focus on the missionary work. And after that, she died on 1871. After that, Willingary married another person. Her name is Charlotte. And his spiritual learning is like this. He is doing his studies. And after he is reading one book from James Cook, his voyages, he got the more rentimacy with the God and he got the passion for the Christ. Then after going to, he became a pastor of Baptist church in England. And then he brought, he got the vision from God. He need to go to missionary, not only pastor in the church, all creations, all the people should hear the word of God, or they should listen to who is the true God. And he started studying about a lot of type of people, like a lot of culture, how they're living. He started studying and he prepared a publication named, an inquiry into the applications of the heavens. So through that, he tried to tell to other people in Baptist ministry, this is what happening. We need to go out. Then on person called John, he's from India. He's in there instead of the meeting. He said, okay, I'm working in India as a surgeon. We are seeking for the people who are there, but they don't know this. But William Carey said, okay, I'm ready for that. And his contribution for a church after that is starting, that is including in spiritual journey. The contribution of first arm is missionary movements. First one is Bible translation. Second one is education. Third is social reforms. Fourth one is literature and publishing. Fifth one is culture engagement. So after William Carey came to India, firstly happened these social reforms, because he's studying about the way of people living in Calcutta. There's some unusual things happened in before in India. He's a Sati. He start to stop the work for that. And one of the Indian political reformers, his name is Arar Roy. He also joined with that team. So first one is Bible translation. First on Bengali. The William Carey came to Calcutta, but it's not easy. Lot of financial issues and there is no teamwork. Only William Carey is doing everything. He wait for five years to get first person. Then became a team from the Baptist church. He sent a person. They sent a person. He reached Calcutta after the five years. So he became very happy. Then became the work started for the publication. Then first he learned Bengali lot of people, very good people from that West Bengal. So they started teaching the Bengali language. And he is very interested to learn other languages. So he, second, he translated Sanskrit and he translated Bible to six other languages of North India. Then education. He took a lot of main points of Indian education. First, college in India, the main old colleges, third old colleges, Sarah University in Calcutta, still is there. It's now theology and literature is teaching there. So it started around 1880. There is a lot of hard work of William Carey and his team. It's like there is a, in India, woman education is boycotted. He started the human education in India and they started constructing the person who married a second, William Carey married second person because of her help. They constructed and the Dutch government helped him. Social reforms. Before I mentioned that Sati, they boycotted and female education they started. Agricultural reforms. Agricultural reforms, they informed, they started new things like lack of water in Calcutta. They irrigation started and new crops started cultivating. William Carey gave a new mind to the people because of the thing people are attracted to Carey and what he's saying. Like, okay, he's not doing only these things. The main vision of his is share the gospel to other people. The first person is came to Christian from India. He's a farmer. His name is Krishna. So he's a farmer and because of these things, he said, okay, you're a good person and after that he shared the gospel. Then he gave new testament. The new testament is happened around after seven years. He came to India after seven years. The first person who is reading that Krishna, he received the Jesus Christ. Then literature on publishing is to Dutch government at that time ruling India. So they started to new idea and East India Company is against William Carey because of the sharing gospel. They resist William Carey. After that, they got no, William Carey's translating is good. They started the college and they want William Carey. So William Carey said, okay, what happened? Before you are resisting me, now what do you want? So it's like great thing for India, what William Carey did for the educational, the cultural of India is like fully farming and all they converted to learn something new and the cultural engagement language. The main thing is in Bengali, what happened is there is a team with other people, not only William Carey, there is one plus team and one learning team, teaching team. So teaching team, what did they started to implementing English learning, not only for men, they started to, women's also, they're promoting other Indian language to male level and they started education and two, they're reaching the local community, not only the higher caste people, they reached instead of the local, the poor people of the society. A lot of struggles, he happened in his missionary journey, main thing is financial he started journey from there, more than five months he took to reach India very secretly and so he don't have any money and all some people helping here but he's not sufficient for him. He leave a lot of struggles, he can't go to a hospital for that and that much of financial struggle happened in his life and opposition and criticism from the Indian people and these India company, they both are resisting William Carey and health issue and isolation he have on Pivo and it's all true, his life is like suddenly come and go, it's like regularly he's happened on his life because of that issue he died and language and cultural struggle to learn another language and the main concept of the language first, the struggle happened in William Carey's sharing hospital, the people can't understand the Bengali which he's being in this language of English so lack of that and struggles, lot of struggles has happened in India and the military of East India company will assist him, lot of things, after he said like this I'm not afraid of failure, I'm afraid of succeeding at things that don't matter in India, thank you. Thank you Francis, we'll have Shri Radha presentment. Please. Yeah, please. So you show him, he's showing this one. Okay, show this one. Yeah, show this one. How are you? It's not coming back, it's coming back. They helped a lot. How are you? He's in the group now. That's a great, valuable job. First, you need to present here. Yeah. Okay. Okay, now say it. Wait. Now she's. Sharing under them. No. She went back to that. See. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Okay. Okay. Okay. Yeah. I'll go there. Good morning everyone. I'm going to share the PPT on Charles Grandison Finney. There are some of the introduction. He was born on August 29, 1792 in Warden, Connecticut. One year after John Wesley's death. It was also just after the War of Independence and the French Revolution where there was a growing anti-Christian thought and many people thought Christianity would soon be all over. There was a rise in Unitarianism. When he was two or three years old, they moved to Anita country, upstate New York and shortly then they moved to New York. He was a prominent American Presbyterian minister and revivalist preacher during the second great awakening. A religious revival movement in the early 19th century. His life and work had a profound impact on American Christianity and the broader society. So this is about the background. Next thing is his family and upbringing. In the Congregationalist family, his parents were not very religious though, his grandfather had actually been the person that purchased land for Congregationalist first house meetings in Warden, Connecticut. He didn't have a strong religious upbringing. At his early age, he didn't receive any religious instructions but he was a very bright person. And something about his family he married three times. In 1824, he married Lydia Ruth Andrews while he lived in Jefferson country. They had six children together. In 1848, a year after Lydia's death, he married Elizabeth Ford Atkinson in Ohio. In 1865, he married Rebekah Allen Rel, also in Ohio. Each of his three wives accompanied him on his revival tours and joined him in his evangelistic efforts. Finney's great grandson also named Charles Gantison Finney became a famous author. About his early life, about his studies and career in his early age, somewhere along this time period, his brother his younger brother is drawn to a revival meeting and his brother would receive the Lord that time. And this is just an assumption that his brother really played a part as he started to feed into Charles Finney. And Charles Finney became many ways disturbed. There was something going on the inside of him. And in 1812 in Henderson, he would take up and become the teacher at the little school house. But in 1812, he decided he wanted to become his education. He wanted to continue his education and he went back to Warren Carnegie to continue high school and began university classes. But he faced some challenges or opposition inside the college. At that time he saw profanity and it really broke him from inside. And he failed the disturbance again. These all were very beginning to disturb and he went back to his education to his ministry. Shortly afterwards his mother got ill and so he went back to him in Henderson Bay. Then he found a job working in Adams small village. He started working in a law office of his judge of this judge. And here he begins to train to become a lawyer. This became a critical time because in learning about the law, he looked at the word and used the word and it really began to drive him towards the word of God. He joined the local presbyterian church that time and he actually became the head of the choir. In 1835, he became the professor and later the president of Oberlin College in Ohio. Under his leadership Oberlin became one of the first American colleges to admit women and African Americans. So Charles Phoenix revival methods and theological teachings left a lasting mark on American Evangelicalism. He is remembered as a dynamic preacher who played a key role in the religious and social landscape of 19th century in America. Some of the things revival preaching Phoenix revival meetings often featured emotionally church sermon and anxious benches where people could pray for salvation and one of the thing is the public invitation or altar call where he issued an explicit invitation to come forward for salvation. He emphasized individual conversion and asked people to repent and turn to God. And some of his contribution in churches. First thing is the people in Jordan Ireland James McQueen and company used what he said to pray and help to birth the great happening in 1859 and over one million people came to the Lord through this revival and second is even robbers who birthed revival was also influenced by Charles Finney and some churches influenced by his prayers he said if the church does not have a burden of souls it is black siden and so it starts with us but a revival must always end with people coming to the knowledge of Jesus. His contribution behind churches was a lot. His prayers helped the churches to stand and pray for the revivals. He wrote many books regarding prayers and revivals one of the book is lectures on revivals and apart from this his role in social reform beyond social matters Finney was also involved in various social reform movement including abolitionism and second is he believed that Christianity should lead to social justice and actively advocated for the abolition of slavery and women's rights. Thank you Shreena. So we wish you a good day and we will continue tomorrow when we start. Thank you.