 and the reform of the European ICT standardization framework is a simple way to bring relevant standards from non-traditional standard-setting organizations to an equal footing with European standards when it comes to achieving interoperability. And I'm thinking here of bodies like the worlds by wet consortium, oasis, or similar fora, and consortium. This could be done via a fast track, and a fast track approval of their standards through a process hosted by a traditional European standards body, and that could be etsy, or through the assessment of those bodies' compliance with certain criteria regarding not only openness, consensus, balance, and transparency. And second, we must use all the opportunities to promote appropriate rules for example, disclosure of essential IPR, and licensing conditions in standard-setting contexts. And believe me, I have nothing against IP being brought to the standard-setting table, but it must be disclosed. Any economist will tell you that you can only make a directional decision between different options if you can compare. And if you can compare the benefits and the costs of the same, and let's face it, establishing friend, the fair, the reasonable, and the non-discriminatory prices is a hard task, over which reasonable people often disagree. And I can assure you, we have big discussions on that issue in my last term in office. And transparency is therefore in everyone's interest. And the alternatives are not. So why risk the litigation? Why set the standard in ignorance of the cost for implementation? In some cases, the joys of the technology in a standard might be obvious in absence of technical alternatives, because the licensing conditions are less relevant in such cases. But in most cases, let's be honest, there are competing options, and it makes clear sense to also consider that information. The Commission has already taken an important step by drafting new guidelines on the application of the treaties and the trust rules to horizontal agreements. And you remember that to promote an efficient and a competitive standard-setting process that is protected against misuse. And the draft, which is currently available for public comment, relies on the well-established concepts of non-discrimination, transparency, and availability, and specifies minimum requirements that this.