 As we know, China has the world's largest population and is facing a great challenge of land scarcity. In contemporary China, land issue covers not only the question about how to feed the increasing population, but also about how to achieve high-quality development through a rational utilization of land, especially in the context of globalization of production and markets. Therefore, we should reconsider economic efficiency, social equality, environmental protection, etc., not only inside but outside of China. As the second largest economy in the world, China still faces great challenges to its future development, most of which could be mirrored or represented on land. These issues are emerging during the rural-urban interactions in transitional China, as well as the interaction between China and the world. Therefore, it is important to further explore the land issues in China, such as land policies and reform and land use-induced social-ecological problems.