 Welcome back to another session on dentistry and more. So today we have a different analysis on cephalometrics that is Stainless analysis which was put forward by Stainer in 1930. So we had seen down's analysis it have too many measurements. So to make it very easier the Stainer put forward a different approach of analysis. So Stainer also having different skeletal and dental parameters along with he has a soft tissue analysis also. So let's see what are the skeletal analysis. The first one is SNB angle, ANB angle, multiplier plane angle, occlusion plane angle whereas in dental analysis it is upper incisor to NA angle and linear measurement, inter incisor angle which we had seen in down analysis, lower incisor, NB angle, the same linear measurement and also having a soft tissue that is S line. Now let's see what is SNA angle. So in down's analysis we have seen the basic plane was FH plane that is porion orbiter plane. In Stainless analysis he used exactly the SN plane that is cellar turcica and nasion. So the SNA angle is cellar nasion plane and combining with nasion point A. So the angle formed between SN and A is SN angle which is 82 degree. So this angle is important because if the angle is increased in prognathic maxillar prognathism and if it will be decreased in retrognathism because this angle will be increased. So you can see the angle will be increased in prognathic situation and it will be decreased in retrognathism. So now let's see what is SNB angle. So the SNB angle is the same way how we did SNA joining the point S, N and B. So we get SNB which indicates basically the anterior posterior positioning of mandible in relation to cranial base. So we have seen SNA angle which was the anterior posterior positioning of maxillar in relation to cranial base. This is positioning of mandible in relation to cranial base. So SNB angle is 80 degree so if the mandible is prognathic the SNB angle will increase and if the mandible is retrognathic or retrusive mandible the SNB angle will decrease. So it's the same way how we interpret SNA. SNA is about maxilla SNB about mandible how it is related to the cranial base. So mean angle is 80 degree. The next one is ANB angle. So ANB angle is very difficult to draw because the angle itself is just 2 degree it is like connecting the point N to point A point N to point B. So the nasion point is connected to A and B and the angle between this is ANB angle. It basically denotes relative position of maxilla and mandible to each other. So SNA we have seen cranial base to maxilla SNB cranial base to mandible ANB the relative position of maxilla and mandible to each other. So the basic angleation is 2 degree. So it will go higher the angle will increase in class 2 skeletal cases and it will decrease in class 3 cases. So in class 2 this angle will increase and in class 3 the angle will decrease. So class 3 it will decrease because this point B will shift towards forward and this angle will decrease and in class 2 the point A will go forward. So there will be increased value in ANB angle. It is a relative position maxilla and mandible to each other. The next one is mandibular plane angle. Since we had seen in the ounce analysis but the plane was FH plane and the mandibular plane angle we had seen. But in steener analysis this is different because the plane is SN plane. So it is the angle between SN plane and mandibular plane angle and the angle is 32 degree. We know that it is about the vertical and horizontal growth pattern. If it is lesser the angle is lesser then the person is horizontal growing face and if it is very bigger the angle is wider that is more than 32 degree the person is having vertical growth pattern. So that is mandibular plane angle. The last one in skeletal analysis is occlusion plane angle. Occlusion plane angle the main value is 14.5 degree. So it is the fundamental plane that is SN plane and connecting with occlusion plane. So occlusion plane and SN plane are just connected. So it will be connected here and the value is 14.5 degree which basically indicates a relation of occlusion plane to the cranium and face. It also indicates a growth pattern of an individual. So that is the 5 skeletal analysis SNA angle SNB angle ANB angle the mandibular plane angle mandibular plane angle will be here just like here and also the occlusion plane angle. So that how we completed the skeletal analysis. Now let's see the dental analysis. In dental analysis the first one is upper incisor to NA angle. So this is the upper incisor long axis which is connected to the N nasion point A angle. So this angle is normal degree is 22 degree so this is the angle 22 degree so NA angle angle indicates a relative inclination of upper incisor inclination of upper incisor and it will be increased in class 2 division 1. So the angle will be increased in class 2 division 1. That is the first one upper incisor to NA angle which is connected by the N point A and the long axis of upper central incisor. The next one is upper incisor to NA but the linear measurement. So the tip of upper incisor so we can see this is a maxillary incisor and it's tip towards the NA line. So what is the difference in linear measurement in millimeter the distance from NA line to the central incisor and it is commonly 4 millimeter 4 millimeter and will be increased if the proclination is more just like the angle if it is going forward placed this distance between NA line and the maxillary incisors will be more. So that is a linear measurement there is no angleation the third one is inter incisor angleation this we have seen in down's analysis that is the long axis of maxillary central incisor and mantibular central incisor and the angle between these two it is commonly around we know that it is in down's analysis it was 132 here also it is 132 131 degree it will be increased in class 2 division 2 because class 2 division 2 this mantib maxillary incisor will be reclined so this axis will go like this perpendicular direction so this angle will be more and in case of class 2 division 1 or class 1 bimaxillary protrusion this will be like this so the angle will be reduced so that is inter incisor angle between the two long axis of incisors the fourth one is lower incisor to nb angle so we have seen upper incisor to NA angle because a is the point in maxilla and b is the point in mantibular so here we are checking the angle between n and b so this is b point b on mantibular symphysis and the lower central incisor axis so this angulation is lower incisor nb angle and it is 25 degree just 25 degree inter incisor angle we know it is 130 degree and we know it will be increased if proclination if this is more proclined more proclined the the axis will be going like this so this angle will be increased and it will be decreased if it is retroclined and so you think about this axis this axis is going like this or axis is going like this this angle will change if it is proclined this angle will increase if it is reclined this angle will decrease that is lower incisor to nb angle mean value is 25 degree the last measurement is how we seen in upper incisor to NA point that linear measurement the same way we have linear measurement from the incisal tip incisal tip to nb line so it is helps us to assess the lower incisor inclination the value is always like 4 millimeter just like the upper incisor to NA it is a linear measurement it is very difficult to show here the lower incisor to this nb line so linear measurement from the lower incisor if it is more inclined the value will increase and similarly it will decrease so it is basically indicate the proclination of lower incisor so that's how we finished the dental analysis the upper incisor to NA angle 22 degree and the linear measurement the inter incisor angle the lower incisor to nb angle which is 25 degree and lower incisor to nb linear measurement now we have soft tissue or S line so the last analysis soft tissue analysis or S line it is a facial contour line called S line of steiner a line is drawn on the soft tissue contour okay so not this dotted line this perfect line a line is drawn on the soft tissue contour of the chin to the middle of the S formed by the middle of the S formed by lower border of nose so lower border of nose the S okay so this S lower border of nose to the contour of chin that is a soft tissue contour of the chin and lower border and the so in soft tissue analysis that is a line formed by the lower border of nose that is a S shape and the contour of lower chin if this lips are located beyond this line this dotted line you can see overhead in front of this that will be indicating of protrusive and interpreted as convex profile and if it is the lip is behind this the line is said to be protrusive with a concave profile so that's all about soft tissue analysis we have covered stainless analysis so we had dental parameters skeletal parameters and soft tissue parameters so i'll come up with another session on dentistry and more thank you