 تبطه آدك الأيام فتا وتنح تقال داي ل Ens-6 ل Didike تاتنا لها أحكام ام الإكوام يصحب الصناحية الذي يجب التكلف تدفو طالبه مشقة ما員 فضال فارغ لكن إذا و إذا لكن اتحدث أن الطالب it is two types طالب ترك طالب فعليد is two types ما هو على وجه الإلزام ما هو على وجه الأفضلية if it's on a وجه الإلزام meaning in a forceful manner it is wajib if it's in a profound manner then it becomes مندوب and then we said طالب ترك which is the second one and we said these two types على وجه الإلزام or على وجه الأفضلية if it's on a وجه الإلزام then we said سحرام or we said if it's on a وجه الأفضلية then we mentioned تخير which is مباح and those five we said together which is واجب and مندوب حرام and مكروه then the last one which is مباح sorry those five we said they are called أحكام الشرعية التكليفي then we said in the book the sheikh mentioned two additional ones which are صحيح and فاست and we said those two are حكام الوضعية but we said in the sheikh left three others which is الشرط السبب and أمانع and we explained all of that so we did take حكام الشرعية التكليفي is five today we're going to start from the first one of those five which is الواجب الواجب so we did الأحكام الشرعية التكليفي الواجب واجب فالواجب واجب is ما يثابه على فعليه it is that which you get rewarded by doing the action where you are قبو and you are punished على تركي in leaving it so واجب means what الإمام أبو معالم الجويني في كتاب الورقات he says that واجب is what ما يثابه على فعليه you get rewarded by doing it and you are punished by what and you are punished by leaving it first of all this definition التعريف of واجب to be that the فقهات they like it this is how the فقهات define the word واجب but this definition it is defining it by its rolling not by defining its reality it is defining it by its rolling meaning what is the rolling that comes out of doing واجب that you get rewarded for it that you get rewarded by doing it and that you are punished if you leave it off that is the rolling that comes out from واجب so the definition here is the definition defining it by what بالرسم or بالحكم it is by defining it by its effects or its rolling but it is not by defining it الحقيقة و الماهية the reality of it the defining in its reality that the علم and define it is they say it is ما طلب الشارع it is what the شارع the legislator the كتاب and the سنة have requested for you to do ما طلب الشارع فعلا what the شارع the كتاب and the سنة have requested for you to do علا وجهن إلزان in a forceful manner that's what واجب is in its definition that is the reality of it and the علماء of مناطقة the علماء of علم المانتق they don't define something like that and defining something in its rolling is not right in its correct meaning و لذلك المام الأخضري in this كتاب سولة ملمورونك في علم المانتق he says he says و عندهم منجملة المردودي and تدخل الأحكام and تدخل الأحكام في الحدودي which means what is rejected و عندهم منجملة المردودي from the things that are rejected according to the علماء of منطق the منطقيين is what and تدخل الأحكام that you put the rolling in the definition of something it's rolling you define it inside the thing which you are defining it the reason why it's rejected is because pay attention this is a very tough you need to focus the علماء they say الحكم على شيء to put a rolling on something فرعون first of all they have to know what you're putting the rolling on to place a rolling on something you have to first know what it is if you put the rolling into the definition how are you going to know what's going to happen consistency is going to be going on all day you're going to be speaking about the rolling and that the definition is going to be so what you do is define it first and then the rolling will be known so the best definition is ماطالب الشارع ماطالب الشرع it is what the shari'a are requested for you to do على which you examine a forceful manner that's the best definition for واجب but the sheikh he didn't define it in that way and no problem إلا الله in that regard because the فقهات with let's go to عبدالشيخ عبدالله بنصالح الفوزان الشرح لغة what does واجب linguistically mean what does it mean linguistically linguistically it means الساقط الساقط meaning fall the word واجب in Arabic language is known as fall when you fall down fall as الله تبارك ويتعاله سنين القرآن فعيدة واجب but جنوبها فكلو منها الله is talking about the هدي the slaughtering of the camel pay attention this is the shari'a the way it does it how do you slaughter the camel what you do is you tie its left leg what do you do you tie its left leg you make it stand up so how is it standing it's standing with three legs so it's going to be sideways right you slaughter it from the neck and it falls down on the ground so now what happened the slaughtering and the hitting the ground will make it that quickly الله says in the Qur'an فعيدة واجبت a ساقطط when the camel falls on the ground ساقطط it falls on the ground واجبت فعيدة ثورة and حج 36 فعيدة واجبت جنوبها ما معنى جنوبها it's side فكلو منها eat from it what do you find some people do they lie it down they slaughter it and what do they do they start the animal is moving his leg and it starts cutting his legs off and it starts cutting the animal into pieces it's wrong we should not do that let the animal die so what happens is that if you tie it to the left leg because if you don't tie it to the leg what happens it will still stand and it will move around so you tie it to the leg when you do that it loses balance and it hits the ground so the hitting of the ground when it's cutting its throat we'll make it die quickly and that's what we want we want it to die fast and quick so الله is saying فعيدة واجبت واجبت أي سقطة falls on the ground نعم إن كتاب القاموس مجددين الفيروز أبادي مجددين فيروز أبادي he's a student of إمام المواوي he said واجبا يجبو واجبتا سقطة it is when it falls وشمسو واجبا واجبا غابت like for example we say واجب الشمسو the sun fell maybe the sun is gone now والواجبا he said السقطة مع الهدت also to the saqita it is the noise that the thing that falls on the ground makes جو that's called واجبا وقال الشاعين the poet said أطاعت بن وعوفن أمير النها هم عن سلم حتى كان أول واجب أول واجب he said أطاعت بن وعوفن but he's a man he's talking about the tribe of بن وعوف he said أطاعت they obeyed بن وعوفن obeyed قال أميرا a leader of theirs أطاعت they obeyed بن وعوفن بن وعوف obeyed أميرا a ruler and a leader of theirs نها هم who who stopped them from what who stopped them from عن سلم he stopped them from finally a treaty with their enemies he said don't have no treaty with them fight with them he will protect he stopped them from what I'm looking for what a silk silk is a treaty ها and peace he stopped them from peace he said don't go for peace don't result to peace fight and they obeyed him in it so what happened حتى كان أول واجبن until that tribe بن وعوف they became the first one to fall on the ground حتى حتى كان أول واجبن واجبن ايه ساقطن that's what it means that fell on the ground meaning in the battle they got killed by the enemy they should have resulted to what the peace that was given to them so what it means is that linguistically by linguistically the word واجب means what what does it mean linguistically to fall we mentioned it from the Quran and we mentioned it from the Arab poets and also فيروز أبادي we said and technically the correct definition is ما طالب الشارع it is what the legislator who is the legislator Allah and his messenger they are the two that legislate Allah and his messenger they legislate but we won't wait على وجه الزم in a forceful manner that is what واجب is there's another also there's another issue that rises in this definition in this definition and what is that the definition here it says ما يثاب على فعلي that which you're rewarded in doing it what did in doing it صحيح ما يثاب that which you are rewarded in doing it now that itself is a question because the person only gets rewarded for he does if he doesn't with the intention he only gets rewarded if he does something with what if he doesn't do it if he doesn't do it with the intention meaning with the intention does he get rewarded for it it doesn't get rewarded for it from it so it has to be done with what he has to be in time so he be rewarded and also brothers remember that the word ثواب it can mean ثواب ما يثاب ثواب it can mean what it can mean that which is what being rewarded with good or it can be rewarded with bad it can be both but remember that غالبا originally in its essence it means what and then it lucky when it's generalized it means good but if the context moves it from that meaning it will take that meaning such as الله تبارك و تعالى يساني the Quran هل ثواب القفار ثواب ثواب هل ثواب القفار so الكفار here means what this believers that is what diverting it from its meaning which is what good also the ayah الله تبارك و تعالى يساني قل هل أنبئكم بشر من ذلك مثوبة عند الله من لعنه الله و غضب عليه و جعل منه و جعل منه والقرد تقوى الخنازير و عباد الطاول so in this ayah also الله says بشر من ذلك مثوبة عند الله reward is a good or evil here evil because الله says اللعنه الله و غضب عليه but here it means good so ما يثاب على فعلي so what should we say if this is not because Allah so we say ما يثاب على فعلي إمتثالن إمتثالن if the person does it to follow the prophet he does it with sincerity that next part is also a questionable part which is الله sometimes punishes the people and sometimes he doesn't want so how can we say when you're that you'll be punished for leaving it we will say و يستحق he deserves و يستحق تاريك العقاب the one who leaves it deserves to be punished deserves does that make sense that's what the scholars say some scholars like ابن فرقاح who has a شلح on ورقات he said he said this definition is not wrong the last part و يعقب على تركي he said there's nothing wrong with it are you guys with me he said there's nothing wrong with it because he said و يعقب it is punished by leaving it he said there's nothing wrong with it why because he said isn't there going to be a group of people Allah is always going to punish yes there's always going to be believers there's a narration that he said it's sufficient that it refers to them those ones are going to be punished and not necessarily everyone does that make sense so anyways it's better to say and it's better to say و يستحق تاريك العقاب the one who leaves it deserves to be punished deserves to be punished brothers the واجب is it the same as فرق do they mean the same واجب الفرق اللازم المحتم are they all the same حت all of them mean the same except حنفية who believe there's a difference between واجب and what واجب and فرق they believe there's a difference between the two عند الجمهور لا يصحح تفريق تفريق بينهما according to the جمهور it is not correct to put any differences between the two and that they are the same the حنفية they say that the difference between the two is that the واجب is ماثوبة بدليل ضني they say that the واجب is something that is what it is based upon speculation and assumption the way the evidence is brought is by way of assumption and speculation but they say the فرق is ماثبة it's anything that's been affirmed by what بدليل قطعي a clear cut evidence is brought it forward فبدعونا ما they say the question is that if the person leaves the واجب and if the person leaves the فرق is it the same they said yes so some scholars they said اختلاف with us is اختلاف لفضي it's just اختلاف لفضي it's just wordings and they try to but in reality there is nothing different brothers the واجب is of six types how many types اقصام الواجب ينقسم الواجب بحسب الاعتبار إلى ستة اقصام look at it from different angles it's six types it's different types the first one is باعتبار الفعلي the first one is باعتبار الفعلي we're looking at look what we're going to look at we're going to look at the first one which is the action the action itself we're looking at the واجب from many angles the six common is many many people know only one type that's the one that people know only the most common there's five others that people don't know of and each one of those five types come out of it two types come out from each one pay attention the first one is it is باعتبار الفعلي I'm a باعتبار الاتي the action is what we're looking at from the angle of the action the action and that's two types that's two types واجب in terms of the action and that is واجب المعين it's an obligation something that's mandatory specifically it's a specific واجب it's called واجب المعين so we're looking at the first type two fall under it it's the action so we're looking at it from the angle of the action and that's two types and that's still the first one the first one is باعتبار الفعلي and how much is it باعتبار الفعلي and it's الواجب المعين واجب معين a واجب which is specified specified such as for example no other واجب وهو الواجب that type is the واجب لا يقوم غيره مقامة no other واجب can take its place Allah told you to pray the salah you can't say you know what I'm gonna fast instead or you're gonna say you know what I'm gonna give صدق you know what I'm gonna do حج you know what I'm gonna do I'm gonna give all my wealth out no that واجب you have to do salah it's specified that's the only way you can come with you have no other options does that make sense this action the second one of this first type is this is the first type the second type of the second part of it is الواجب المبحم it is the واجب that's not specified and that is two types the واجب المبحم is two types which is what a واجب that is not specified but it's what it's it's محصور it's what it's محصور محصور means it's you've got a choice between that which the شريعة has pointed so it's not you're free to go wherever you want the شريعة points for you it gives you types and it gives you the choice to choose from those types but you're still narrowed down in a number محصور means you're not allowed to go out of those numbers but you've still got the flexibility of choosing whereas the first part you're not allowed to it's only one type you're allowed to come with does that make sense such as what such as the كفارة the كفارة the expiation in سورة المائدة and 89 الله says فكفارة to who the the expiation is what إطعموا عشرة مساكين giving 10 poor people food من أوسط ما تطعمون the food or kiss what to them or giving them clothing or تحرير الرقبة or spreen a slave فمن لم يجد فصيامه ثلاثة أيام anyone who's unable to do that what does he do he fasts three days are you all with me are you all so look at that are you allowed to choose anything outside that exactly but have you got a choice again the واجب المبهم that's not specified has one that you don't you can choose it's openly which is the third type within that one are you with me are you all with me we're in the first we're in the first type which is إطبار الفعلي the إطبار الفعلي we said that it's divided to how many المعين المعين على المبهم we said that the مبهم is two types مبهم محصور مبهم محصور محصور means specified you can only choose from those are you with me and now it's called المبهم غير المحصور غير المحصور means what it's not specified you can choose from from wherever you want it's no problem such as what are you all with me they're freeing of the neck are you guys freeing the freeing of the neck are you guys with me are you free when you wanna free a neck or free a slave are you narrow down to choose which slave or you could choose whichever slave you wanna free it's up to you you're not narrow down on anything it's غير محصور it's غير محصور you're free it's up to you choose whichever one you wish and you desire that's the first type brothers that is the what it's the first type the second type we're gonna move on to which is looking at from the angle of time and that's two types and that is what it's two types the first one is it is the timing is very narrow down you are it is the وجب it is the وجب it is the وجب it is the وجب that has a specific time and you can't do the same action many times that day this is called المضيق مضيق did I say it in the same way المضيق means what it's tightened on you the word مضيق means tight we used the word last time what was it called somebody used a nice word when I was teaching before the word مضيق it's a good last word it's a restricted time you have a restricted time such as for example fasting of Ramadan can you do two Ramadan can you fast twice a day huh can you try no you're not you're restricted you can only fast once such as can you do more than one Hajj a year so that's not that is you're restricted the second one is the one that you're not restricted الموسع the one that you're not restricted the timing you're not restricted the restriction here we're talking about timing you're not restricted to anything the timing you're not restricted and that's two times it's called موسع it's called what الواجب الموسع it is what it is not it restricted to anything and it's two times the first one is محصور it's called الموسع المحصور بين وقتيني but it's it's sorry it is موسع it's موسع meaning you're not restricted huh but you have a you're limited in a particular time so free you are not restricted in a sense where you can do any time within that time frame but there's a time frame that you're given does that make sense so does that make sense you're free within that time you can do everyone you can choose whenever time you want to do it and then there's another one which is what no your موسع here is actually open like you're allowed to from the first one is the صلاة the first one is what the صلاة the صلاة is what it's موسع because the صلاة has a time which is called time which it enters are you with me so there's time beginning it enters that person is fulfilled in the world and there's also a time which is what which is the time which is the end so the person has within that time right from the time it enters till the time it leaves you've got that time are you with me good if a person prays the last time is he free to pray at the end last minute is he allowed to pray at the ending he's allowed to he's allowed to is he allowed to pray at the beginning he's allowed so it's موسع can he do other about that when the time of the صلاة is in can he pray Sunnis he's free you see can do whatever he wants does that make sense so it's موسع but pay attention brother this is the most important which is very important that the علما the خلاف occurs here what about if a person dies the most important when a person dies a person dies في وقت واجب موسع ولم يفعله he died and the واجب was a واجب موسع you with me which is this type he died a person died not مضيق of course if he leaves مضيق we've left it we know that because there's only one time that he could pray but we're talking about موسع he had a choice if he wants to he could pray later if he wants to but he dies within that موسع it's two times the school is divided into two let's say it's two times if he dies so if he left it meaning he left to he left to pray he didn't pray he chose to leave the صلاة but عازما he decided من تركه عازما عدم عدائه a person dies without he didn't have the intention he didn't want to he wasn't determined من تركه عازما عدم عدائه to fulfill it if he dies that person dies at the beginning of the time are you with me or he dies in the middle or he dies at the end it doesn't matter he's a kathar because he didn't want to do it واضح even though it's موسع the second one is so he will be held he will be held the count of صلاة but a person من تركه a person left it he left it prayer he delayed it he left it عازما عدائه he had the decision in his mind that he's going to fulfill it he had the mind فيدا مات if that person died وكان الباقي من الوقت he left the prayer the prayer finished this is what they say he left the prayer if when he died he died وكان الباقي من الوقت but there was remaining from the time كافية الالتمام الواجب there was remaining from that time enough for him to do the wajib so there was a bit of time left that he could have done the prayer finish it off just before the Salah's time about to finish he died he dies and he's not an arsi because he had the decision he wanted to pray it وَلَا يَأْثُمْ and he's not going to be a sinner for it because he died within the timeframe that he was permitted وَإِذَا مات but if he dies وكان الوقت الباقي غيرا كافية الالتمام but he dies he dies and he couldn't have established the prayer because he was about to finish it was actually over the Salah's time was finishing if he stood up by the time he stood up it would have finished then here he dies as a sinner and a disbeliever and that would be held against him that's the first that's the second time so it's important that we learn that it's a very important point the second time brothers which is what's known as الموسع المطلق الموسع which is what so you guys done the الموسع المحصورة right بين الوقتين sorry بين الوقتيني محصورة بين الوقتين here it is الواجب الموسع المطلق مطلق means what it's open such as what الكفارة expiation the person he's he has his choice to give it he has that as long as he doesn't die he has to give that as long as it's an expiation some of the علمات they say no he has to do it straight away and they use evidence فاصتاب الق الخيرات haste him to do good but he can do it when he wants to good the third time it could be احتبار الفعلي so pay attention the first one we looked at what we looked at the action the second we looked at what that time the third one we are looking at what the person who is doing it احتبار الفعلي the person who is doing it it's two time this is the one that the people know the people are aware of this type they don't know ويقول أنه يدعى بالفعل يكون شخص يفعله و this is 2 times واجب عيني واجب و يجب أن يكون بجوة كل شخص أنك يجب أن يكون معك أنك لا يستطيع أن تحدث معك أنك لا يستطيع أن تحدث معك أنك يجب أن تحدث معك و ينظر فيه إلى الفعل فإنه مسؤول عن إتمامي كسرواتي like the 5 daily prayers أنك لا يمكنك أن تقوم بتطيعك أنك لا يمكنك أن تقوم بتطيعك يجب أن تصلف على إتمامك يجب أن تقوم بتطيعك أنت تستطيع أن تقوم بتطيع من أجلك مع بي جدوني أطلع من إسمي جديع لذلك لا يمكنك أن تقوم