 The study examines the effectiveness of various biofuel and climate policies in reducing future processing costs of cellulosic biofuels due to learning by doing, finding that binding biofuel targets can reduce the unit processing cost by 30% to 70%, but cellulosic biofuels will still be at least 40% more expensive than liquid fossil fuels in 2035 with learning rates of 5 to 10%. The addition of supplementary low-carbon tax credit policies can achieve similar reductions in costs several years earlier than the mandate alone. This article was authored by Soguang Chen, Modu Kona, and Sonya Yeh.