 Considering that we have such five excellent presenters I proposed that we spill over 10-15 minutes into refreshments and may I then invite if you will five presenters please gather up here but but let me be I think we should we really need to stick to one common question succinct per person and then please address it to a specific individual thank you thanks very much I was just instructed by the organizers this is maximum three questions and let's keep it brief because we want to fit people into the into the lecture no brief brief answers as well we do want answers so Andrea I believe and then gentlemen the first row and the third question no we'll go with the two questions and please the question is particularly for Francois but applies more generally now even if you include I mean even even if you use the alvaredo approach and to try to complement information from our budget surveys basically you miss another part of the distribution which is the incomes that could not settle abroad and so these are not domestic incomes but there are national Africa looks like that Africa has more assets abroad than which are bigger than the public debt so one the question is a good one and then Latin America's about money Miami and the Indians and Mauritius and so one could try perhaps to in to measure this amount of money and then you say well rate of return five percent or whatever and then you know I mean I know it's rough but then if that is the case I mean a global inequality I mean domestic in within inequality would rise and globally in equality with certainly decline much less the question is it by our much thank you can we take the second question at the same time and then we give a chance for answers this is again for Professor Borey in your solution there might be a certain inevitability to declining inequality at the global level simply from the base effect of growth rates as if it's reasonable to expect that there will be a roughly negative correlation between growth rates of countries and their mean incomes and we're talking about very large countries which are probably already reached some sort of saturation level then that's going to translate itself into declining inequality when you're dealing with any relative measure of inequality because the size of the pie is going to come out in the wash and that might be a case therefore for employing also mean dependent inequality measures not necessarily absolute measures but more moderate intermediate measures such as at concern and don't only have done or more recently the cost of the con can boss months have done and I think that might well reverse the picture of declining inequality that you thank you great would you have a shot of that first question oh I apologize the camera was in my way my defense my observations in go a little sort of opposite to what you described for in there because in go we have a very serious shortage of agricultural labor and labor in the construction industry for various reasons but I wonder if you could comment on that or maybe do some research on this yes well please okay because of further time constraint on on the rest point about assess abroad yes I mean it's a very good point and certainly something which is completely ignored in national inequality figures I mean everywhere so it is definitely something interesting and there is one way we could look at it but okay we take time I think you're aware of the work by Gabriel Zuckman and by other I don't remember his colleague in Sweden on assets abroad I mean what kind of wealth is being invested by the residents of one country abroad there is more and more of that because the bank for the international settlement is providing data on these so there's something possible but the work I've seen on based on those data and on in Africa I mean for African residents accounts held by African residents in foreign countries the impact I mean of course you will be increasing the share of income of those people but when you say for example that this is much bigger than the debt of the country etc it is not that that that high but I mean this is something that we can that can discuss on mean dependence of inequality measure yes I mean I agree with that and I mean we had the long talks with Tony Atkinson and Andrea Brandolini about their measure of poverty global poverty inequality etc one of the problem with that is simply is to know what is exactly that we want to capture if you want to capture inequality global inequality from the global community point of view then I think that looking at standard genie etc is what we should do when you introduce mean dependent this mean that you introduce some sensitivity of people in a given country to inequality within that country so we are adding something else and this is a rather strong normative assumption and I'm not sure that we want to get into that the figures I have shown are we're also kind of introduction to another way of looking at global inequality which I am looking at these days which is to consider that global inequality you may consider that the prime is what is a reference group for everybody in the global community do people at their fellow citizen in which case global inequality should be the average of national inequality or is it okay that people look at all the other people in the world or is okay that they wait the way they give to their fellow citizen is above the way they give to other people in order a distance geographic distance would matter in measuring global inequality so there are different direction in which we can go but again I mean this is relying on normative assumptions and what I was trying to present is the most simple and more positive view at global inequality thank you very much can can we just do one responses in addition it's no no please go on Peter just to reply very quickly on the question for about Goa I mean I would I think that the the shortages of agricultural labor and the shortages of construction workers are quite possibly one of the explanations that we see for the very rapid rise in agricultural wages in India as a whole I would assume as these labor as these markets are getting tighter you would see the effect in the agricultural wage rates it's just possibly what's what's a part of the story there but I have to say I'm not an expert on Goa and I do look forward to looking into that question further thank you very much excellent a professor Lishi there was a question addressed to you directly yeah I just mentioned the some is a correlation between economic growth and the income equality something that is just based on Chinese case you say that means when we have a very high yeah economic growth that means some people rich people benefit more from that but even you have a lower income growth perhaps also yeah perhaps even the less people yeah poor people even benefit less so perhaps if we have just a moderate growth rate like a five six percent something like that that have no you see a negative impact on the employment something like that even in the the Chinese case now we just have no surplus labor that means in this you see situations perhaps more direct moderate growth rate perhaps the benefit more to the poor or lower income growth something like that that is perhaps just based on the Chinese case may not be applicable to other countries something thank you very much any final right I'm aware this is a bit unfair to the panel Murray Nora otherwise then thank you very much to all and let's give a big hand