 In this video, we will review 9 topics regarding industrial ecology. Firstly, let's talk about industrial ecology. Hmm, what is that? Industrial ecology is a science that study industrial system in order to achieve sustainability between environment and industry to meet our needs without compromising future generation to meet their needs also known as sustainable development. There is 5 aspects of industrial ecology which is economy, technology, environmental science, sociology and engineering. So, what are the benefits of industrial ecology? Through industrial ecology, we can reduce energy usage, reduce waste disposal cost, reduce material purchasing, reduce waste, maximising use of our waste and also reduce natural resource usage. Next, let's talk about material flow analysis also known as MFA. Do you still remember the process involved in MFA? Define the objectives and parameters, limit the balance scope, limit balance period, identify and define the process steps, draw flow charts, draw up the balances, interpret the result and draw conclusion. Now, let's talk about life cycle assessment LCA. Do you still remember what are the key components in life cycle assessment? LCA process, do you still remember it? Raw material, production, distribution, use, disposal. Next, let's talk about LCA framework. LCA framework consists of goal definition as scoping, inventory analysis, impact assessment, interpretation, echo labeling. Can you recall the types of echo labeling? Echo labeling consists of 3 types, type 1, type 2, type 3. Urban metabolism. What are the 2 process involved in urban metabolism? Firstly, linear metabolism. Linear metabolism also known as cradle to grave system as the outputs will be released to the environment. Second, secular metabolism. In secular metabolism, the output which is waste will be recycled back into the system and this action will reduce the pollution emission. Rainwater harvesting for industries. Do you remember the general process in rainwater harvesting? There are 9 general process involved. Obtaining rainfall data, obtaining number of personnel, estimation of water demand, calculation of total roof area, determine volume of water that can be harvested, sizing and filter selection, design delivery system, cost estimation and annual saving calculation. Rainwater harvesting for cities. Rainwater harvesting is important especially in cities. What are the components in rainwater harvesting system? There are 6 components involved. Firstly, catchment area. Second down pipes and first flashing. Third gutters. Fourth filter. Fifth storage. And the last one pipe. Now let's talk about our eighth topic which is industrial symbiosis. What is industrial symbiosis? Industrial symbiosis is about the association between industrial facilities in which the waste or by product of one become raw materials for another. There are 5 general frameworks for industrial symbiosis. Type 1 is through waste exchange. Recover materials also to other organization through third party dealers. Type 2 exchange is within facility. The materials exchange occurs privately inside one organization. Type 2 exchange is among firm co-located. The exchange of materials happen between organization located in equivalent of an industrial park. Type 4 exchange is among local firms that are not co-located. Columbog is one of the example of type 4 exchange. Type 5 is the exchange that occur among firm that across a broader region. Type 5 exchange depends on virtual linkage rather than co-location. Let's talk about Columbog. There are the first that implement fully the idea of industrial symbiosis in their system. Columbog establishes a secure system between their industries where they exchange material, waste energy, water and information. Last topic we will review is life cycle thinking. Do you familiar with the concept of sustainability assessment for product in life cycle thinking? The sustainability assessment consists of design, resource extraction, manufacturing, transportation, retail, disposal and recycle. We at Ecology X hope you get benefit from our clips. Remember to patris3r, reduce, reuse, recycle. Thank you for watching. Bye.