 Titanium dioxide, TiO2, nanofluids have been widely used due to their unique thermal and electrical properties. Various techniques have been developed to prepare TiO2 nanofluids, including single step and two step methods. In nature, TiO2 exists in three crystal forms, anatase, brucite, and rutile. These forms are not commonly used in heat transfer applications, making it difficult for researchers to develop stable and cost-effective nanofluids. To address this issue, nanoparticle production must be achieved first, followed by dispersion into base fluids such as oil, water, paraffin oil, or ethylene glycol. Alternatively, nanofluids may be produced directly through a liquid chemical method or vapor deposition technique, VDT. Nanofluids are typically used in heat transfer applications, and the size and cost of the device depends on the working fluid's properties. Scientists have made significant progress in developing stable and cost-effective nanofluids with improved thermophysical properties over the last decade. This article was authored by Hafeez Muhammad Ali, Hamza Babar, Tayyab Raza Shah, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.