 Small-scale fisheries play a strong role in sustaining millions of livelihoods, food security, nutrition, and income globally, while at the same time experiencing high levels of vulnerability and processes of marginalization due to several factors, including natural, example, natural disasters, ecosystem change, and anthropogenic, example, policy change, hydrological interventions, aquaculture, pressures. These pressures have resulted in the degradation of water quality, which has had a negative effect on fish populations leading to decreased fish catches, making it harder for fishers to make a living. Poor water quality also has indirect effects on the social and economic vulnerability of small-scale fisheries, such as contaminated water sources resulting in fewer fish species, reduced fishing time, and lower market value of fish products, all of which lead to decreased income and increased poverty. Understanding the interconnectedness between water quality and vulnerability in small-scale fisheries requires consideration of both environmental and social factors, as well as the complex feedback loops between them. This study provides insight into how water quality affects vulnerability in small-scale fish. This article was authored by Navya Vikramanair and Pratip Kumar Nayak. We are article.tv, links in the description below.