 I'm Dr. Gerald Stucka. I'm the extension veterinarian and livestock stewardship specialist here at NDSU. Bulls are vulnerable just like newborn calves are to getting chilled in the wrong places and for bulls it's the testicles it's a scrotum and if you look at bulls and they got a little frostbite it's a little scab on the scrotum that's kind of an indication they've been through some pretty cold weather and we and of course as veterinarians we always recommend that you check your bulls every year. Now the bulls have already been checked and they're good and yet they've stayed where they were at the sale place or stayed with the former owner they probably need to be checked again because the cycle the basic cycle for producing new semen is is 60 days. We could make this statement that if it's 60 days from the last real cold event and and they're they're passing that means that means you're good. I mean it's not like it it shuts off at 60 days with one cold event there's always new semen being produced but you need to have the confidence that this bull at least has the stuff so that we can get cows to conceive and raise a calf crop again. Don't take chances this year you know we try our best with bulls we try and bed we try and have wind protection but most of us can't provide wind protection from every direction and saying and bedding up here seems to be a premium so just make sure that you're going to your veterinarian to get that bull tested again even if they were tested before the sale that's the best advice I can give to you and different bulls you know that they're all look a little bit different how they're put together scrotum wise some of them long elongated you know scrotums and other ones are tucked up a little tighter and there may be a difference whether frostbite hits those ones where they're everything's hanging down they're in full view or whether they're they're pulled up tight. Now yearlands are a little bit better most of them are pulled up pretty tight the older bulls can be a little more susceptible to the effects of frostbite.