 In my way, this is the cause, mon-beasing, don'ts-baw, and the most-dow-deb. My opinion is, definitely some of it has to be on the land, but part of it, anyways, are a good chunk of it. Learning what are plants, or even hunting, fishing. The stuff that our ancestors done before us and what we've learned here in the community and all that, I feel that's indigenous education in this area, because it's find it hard to say like indigenous education for everybody, because there's different, well, as we know, there's different areas. So like, just for our language, for example, nipsing language is based on our land in this area, so we have words that are just made for this land. How the formations and stuff are, and I know it's going to be different for different places, so it's just that, and indigenous education is, I guess that's what makes it more complicated, where compared to like the how the ministry expectations are now, or like to, it's just say, math or whatever, it's where the whole place, but indigenous education, it's kind of has to be specific and put towards like that area, so it's kind of hard to make it really, like broad like that, because it's, because it is different, and one thing that I found out made, what was different is that I got to teach a pow-oh singing course, and I was like, oh freak right on, this is gonna be awesome, and it was, it was awesome, and then we had some guys that were really, that were a little bit experienced already, so I got to just work with them, they developed me and I got to help develop them at the same time, but the challenge was that I had to teach backup singers, so I'm like, so back singing, I can't sing like a lady, so it made me think, and like this is where indigenous education separates from like the mainstream education, where like, like men and women have very specific roles, and that's where I find like difficulties and like in teaching, so that was one where I had to teach, well just show them the songs, I couldn't show them how to sing, and I couldn't, there wasn't a whole lot of teaching I could do, but they did more teaching, teaching us, and that way, so that's why I found like the difficult part of indigenous education, where it separates I guess, one big thing is well here, like nip-sing, is we're nip-sing, we're known for something by the water, and we're like, our like fishing was our biggest, the fish were our biggest resource, and like helpless, survive to this day, we're still here, and we're still a lot of, still doing some of the same stuff, so I think fishing would be a big one, trapping, like a lot of land-based stuff would be, because I guess I got to do, I got to go hunting with some students, myself and another teacher, and we took four, we got to take four guys out, again there's word separate, where our education is different, and anyways we had four guys came out, and we got to, they got a chance to, I feel it was like to just, like we just camped out in the bush, and just got up early in the morning, went walk for hours until we found a place, and moose coming, it's right there, and he took off, and then, and then like three days of that, and then finally we got a, a moose came out, we ended up, got to take him down, shot him, and we got to cut him up, and, and then butcher him, and all that stuff, and that was pretty cool, but that, that was like a really cool way to show appreciation of food for our, our young guys, because to do all that work, a whole week's, it was a whole week that we had to do, so get up to, like just preparing, and all that stuff, and and just walking, tracking down that, that moose, and then we got to shoot him, and then just, like I said, it shows the appreciation of the, of the meat, where now I could, I guess I could finally understand why, why in our ceremonies, like it's always like the animals and the, and the plants, and where, how important it is, definitely our language is, is probably priority number one, in my opinion, to teach our language and nipsing area, and our elders say that it's pretty important that we do keep our, our dialect as close as we can to what they've, they have taught, I mean what they speak is, I know in some, in some points we might not be able to, because we may have lost some of that, but it's important to keep our, our language, and like our language is in like a emergency state, I guess we would say, so that would be one of the main ones, like to have that in like, in the, in the language as much as we can, our languages, it all ties in together, at some point, like our language, and I used to hear people say all the time, why language is tied up in your culture, like, I don't know, I didn't really understand until the more I learned about the language, I was like, oh that's what that person means, or not just one person, there was a bunch of people would say that, our elders and all that, and it was true, our language is tied in, and in our, like our specific, our worldview and identity comes from our language, like just, just little things, how we, how words kind of break down, hanging out with the elders, and they just say like, I don't know, just when they say it, would they joke around, I wish they said it's because you, the language is so descriptive that you could think in pictures, it's almost like playing a movie in your head, that's the, that's how descriptive it is, I want to get there one day to be able to see what they're saying, like language is really important, and like, also I think it's important like, as I said with our languages, it's meant to like keep it as close as we can, where it's good to learn other dialects and stuff too, just so you can, just so you understand, and just one guy named Falcon McLeod, and he said that, he said that, oh man, he's learning about different dialects, and he said, I learned more about nipsing dialect through there, and I was, oh yeah, yeah, yeah, then I started learning more about different dialects, he's right there again, and that learning different dialects helped me with our explanation, when I got to teach my language, so it just broadens your, you can't go wrong with more knowledge, so, so I was, that's one of them, and like, I think going around to learning from other communities too, but also not just taking, giving to, like the, to other communities of their knowledge, and how they, how they do things, and always remember that, that's where I came from, always remember where, where you learned from, and so it just keeps, it just keeps you humble, I guess, when you think that way, I guess I'd like them to hear, like, a little bit of my personal stories of where, where I traveled, and the places I've been, and, and hope that, that empowers them to do the same thing, or, or some people like, like my mother, she's, she doesn't want to, she doesn't travel around as much, but she has so much knowledge of nipsing, and it, whether it is they like to travel or do that, it's nice to, like, to stick around, but learn, to learn their, the stories of each place, like, and it's cool to travel around in different areas, to hear different stories too, because you, you can hear where the similarities are, they usually all connect somehow, like, freaks me out how, like, culture from here, and then you go way out west, it's the same story, and just little tweaks here and there, but same stuff. For sure I'd like to see, uh, immersion school, and, like, just, you get, I've seen this, just watch this video, I can't find it anymore on YouTube, but it's like, just, I think they call it Wadukadading, uh, from, I think it's Minnesota or something, where they, it's an immersion school, but a lot of very land-based. I get as far as the way you can from the, the, the column, the four walls in the classroom, where it's just, like, just chalk, and that's cool, that's important too, like, just to, but to spend more time off the, just outside. Sometimes you get to, you get a group of students, oh I want to go outside, go outside, too hot, too much bugs, then we go back inside, and they want to go back, so it's, sometimes you can't find the right spot for me, but that's one, like, a language, like a school, like that, to, especially for young ones, and, I think, now we're lucky that we have a, we, uh, well I was going to say that, I heard that, um, was it, Anton Troyer said it, and that word really stuck out to me, it's that one, uh, he said that we need Indigenous educators too, to educate our Indigenous people, and it's, because I went to this conference one time, and this lady said, how do you, uh, how would we get, like, more Indigenous students to, say, want to become teachers, and all that stuff, and I said we have to hire Indigenous student teachers and stuff, just to, or have them around, just, not just around, but have them in those positions, and make a priority, because that's for, like, um, I think, and myself, like, the ones that really moved me forward, are the ones that are set an example for me to go to, or Indigenous people, for me, so like, George Koochee, and Miriel Sawyer, they're in those positions of, that made me want to go there, just because of them, of what they've done, and how to, how to impact on me, and how I was able to relate. So, I think, Indigenous, having a lot of Indigenous educators too, found this quote, it was a long time, quoting a lot of people here, Steve Wood from Northern Korea, he said, uh, his quote was one of the most, like, I remember when I first heard it, when it did to me, like, kind of, hit me right in my spirit, and heart, and wherever, hit it at all spots, but it was said, uh, if you believe in yourself, who you are, and where you come from, uh, it'll play key, oh, and then more importantly, your language, it will take you places you haven't even dreamed of, and you said, keep doing a good thing, and good things, and good things will happen, and it really, really hit, like, because it was at the life, and the point in my life where I was just learning my culture, my language, and it was starting to take me places, like, singing, got to go to, I got time as far as, like, Winnipeg, and different places around here, but, um, uh, or the first few words, too, is like, you believe in yourself, and before you get to believe in yourself, so you got to understand where you come from, just, uh, helps you believe in where you're self, I believe in yourself, because the more you learn about who, like, your community, you're learning about yourself, learning, like, like, learn about, then you go even further, like, the creation stories and stuff, and you learn even more about yourself is just, like, holy man, it's so, like, I think that's where a lot of our young people are so, um, hard on themselves, like, I can teach at a high school, I've dealt almost 100% indigenous students, and they say that, uh, and a lot of them come with, like, very, very low self-esteem or none at all, and I feel like a lot of times they're just missing, they're missing an understanding of where to come from, and missing that, and I find, like, the scene that happened where a lot of our students learned who they were through, I don't know, some through the drum, some just went and fire kept for over 40 years, sat by a fire, some of them were, uh, they learned through those times, this is another side story, got here, I mean, my first class I got to teach, I got to see these graduate, them graduate, so I got, like, uh, there was, like, singers, we had singers, they'd been singing with, we got to go do some little bit of traveling within the area with that group, so it was, like, it was pretty cool, and also, so like, they did so much and all that stuff, and they dedicated themselves towards that drum, and, uh, like, even, even, uh, gave up drugs and alcohol during that time, during that course, uh, so they, at the graduation, we're all singing, and they're saying, and they're all graduating and all that stuff, and, like, after graduation, it was always a nice ceremony, when my, one of my co-workers, his name was James Horner, he was, he said something, he's like, did you notice that? What? What is it? He's like, he said every one of those guys at the drum got an award, he's like, I was like, I didn't really notice that, but now he's said, like, every one, there was either, like, the culture award, even the academic award, they'd clean up on all of them, the Beesing Awards, I'm just like, I never thought I would like that, but yeah, that's true, like, but, uh, it just gave him something to believe in, and it took off with it.