 able to write a means because you didn't clear free that's what I'm saying because pre is like a qualifying exam you are just supposed to clear it you are the marks is not counted except for those anyone targeting for a service here all right all right good so except for you people like you need a hundred and twenty score or above maybe but others it's okay if you clear pre by one mark you know many Toruk Minyarayar or Anadeep Durush they all cleared pre by say one or two marks so it's okay if you clear pre by one marks but the thing is the best time to prepare for your mains is the time that starts immediately after your pre so if you want to confidently prepare your for mains I think it is if you get like 5-10 make marks extra than the civil service cutoff you can start your preparation immediately otherwise the problem is you will wait for the result which is 60 days from the date of the pre you will wait for the results you will lose that that initial advantage which I believe is crucial to cracking mains okay so this is the context I'm setting why you need to score well in pre that's all I'm saying like 5-10 marks extra now if you see the score of the preliminary the first time I when I got 142 the forest cutoff forward around like 125 marks and now if you see last year the forest cutoff marks is 112 are you getting the difference that 125 to 112 that's how difficult problems has become but let me tell you it is not difficulty but it is UPSC my theory is that UPSC is trying to create a level playing field for all aspirants who can afford like you know learning from institutes who can afford internet and who cannot so since the market is flooded with materials there are nearly hundreds and thousands of test series it is virtually impossible for UPSC to you know UPSC wants to create a how can UPSC create a level playing field they create questions which we usually don't see in standard textbooks they create questions which we usually don't see in test papers are you getting my flow are you getting my so if you want to crack pre in this method a basic approach of learning your basic textbooks your notes and then appearing for the exam that may not work or that may not immediately yield the sufficient result you may have to wait for a prelims paper that comes in that pattern so what we are going to do is our approach should be no matter what the question no matter how much we have not learned anything from the topic that is being asked in the question we will attempt a question are you getting now this seems a little overwhelming but this is how I used to do it and trust me once you start getting an interview call and God forbid you don't clear with your required service in the first attempt you will have to write pre again and you won't get any one month maybe and in that one month also you will have to manage your pre are you getting me so if you so if you have a sustainable way of attempting questions a logical way to approach the paper I think your pre will be safe and let's clear the pre in the first attempt itself that's all I'm saying let's clear pre in the first attempt itself and let's do your main swell and you should have a decent chance at cracking this okay I'll get this started but before that I'll try to structure my okay these are all part of it I hope everyone knows the book list which is to be followed but I'll do one thing if you have I'll just ask on based on the difficulty level I'll just structure my lecture like this we will talk about book list we'll talk about not making we'll talk about previous year questions we'll talk about revision we'll talk about this logical way of attempting questions if anything else comes up we will talk about it okay so I'll start with book list see conventional book list you all know everybody knows there are plenty of sources in the internet everybody knows what I'm going to do is I always used to find stuff difficult as in certain subjects I used to find difficult but with required time and effort and certain special books I'm able to crack that subject so we will discuss accordingly before discussing what I would like to say is you are all enrolled for the long-term classes here right you have one year batch no see accept that reality that you are here and the best way to discipline and schedule your preparation is to have a timetable and if you are a person who has difficulty in framing a timetable what you're supposed to do is make your schedule here your timetable are you getting it make your schedule here when you then you have modern industry do modern industry when that gets over in two weeks try to do your own modern history Indian history also in two weeks so needless to say your basic notes are your class notes are you getting it your basic notes are your class notes make your class notes in such a fashion that you find it easier to revise you don't miss a point that is being taught in your class I'll start on this basic like your first of all your class notes so whenever I tell a subject whenever I discuss a subject I'm not going to reiterate that your most important book is your class note fine yeah all right we'll start with the book list regarding the book list first let me ask you how many of you find economics difficult all right all right all right have you started your classes in economics here all right all right see I'm talking from the prelims perspective only because economics in mains is gs3 and you know that gs3 requires kind of a different approach which I don't think I'll have the time to talk about we'll talk if it is necessary but let me start at economics okay see none of the stuff I'm going to say here is boasting or marketing myself let me save the outset I'm doing this I'm why they are calling me to do this and why I am doing this because I believe I have a method out of this madness I have devised a method out of this madness so this might be might seem overwhelming or unrealistic to you but I want you to realize is take a note of it and if all other if you find that this is unrealistic don't do it but if you are exhausted of other options try this that's all I'm saying all right see economics is one subject I feel that you know if you study it well once you don't have to revise the basics before exam that's all I'm saying that you don't have to revise the basics before exam you just need to do the current affairs whatever there is in the current affairs so how do you know that you have you have your base solid in economics there are two three methods first I think is a cost-effect relationship as in let me ask you if I ask you what will happen to inflation if money supply rises what will you say rise or decrease it will increase or decrease increase okay okay good what will happen to let's say if the value of rupee depreciates is it good for the exporters or bad for the exporters good for the exporters very good this cost-effect relationship is one way to understand whether you understand economics well for preliminary and if you can answer this question by logically thinking that I will think like okay rupee is depreciating that means dollar which was like if it was one dollar was 30 one dollar now become 60 so if an exporter sells this jar to us when he gets one dollar earlier he would have got only 30 rupees now he gets 60 rupees right this is how it is so if you can understand economics in this functioning fashion if you can understand economics with this cost-effect relationship you have done your economics well for free that is one number one thing second thing is the terminologies that you see where in the business section of the Hindu you see current account deficit you see fiscal deficit you see revenue deficit you see effective revenue deficit you see capital account deficit right you see twin deficit if you see these kind of terms you see initial public offering if you see this kind of terms and you know you can understand the newspaper knowing that term again you have done your economics basics well for newspaper so can anybody tell me what is primary what primary deficit is exactly very good very good exactly so see this kind of clarity if I say a term it should be in your finger lengths it should be at the tip of your tongue if you can handle economics jargons that well you have understood your economics well that is a second thing and third thing what I would like to say is like let's say when you are studying current affairs and you can understand the economic dimension of a particular thing are you able to get me so let me ask you like when you read about WTO when you read about agriculture subsidies when you can understand that if there is excess spending on something the government fiscal health will go bad because fiscal deficit this kind of understanding of economic things if you can add an economic dimension to current affairs or static things you are reading you have understood economics well these are the three pillars I would suggest how to check how to evaluate whether you understand your economics well and if you are finding these three things difficult I will suggest some unconventional sources first of all I never like the book macro economics and micro economics by NCRT I have found it extremely boring and extremely difficult to understand so if you find that too do one thing there is a basic economics textbook by NIOS it's called national institute of open schooling they have a basic economics textbook it is available for free download I think in Mirinals website it is there it is available for free download in many sources please download that if possible I think it will be in the market too just get a print out spiral bind it learn it read that book two three times you have this your jargon part will be good that is one thing second source if you are not able to appreciate the cause effect relationship or how the economic angles of things in our democracy or in our economy what I would suggest is there is a book called day-to-day economics by I am Ahmadabad don't get scared it's a very small book like only 50 60 pages or something it's a very small book it's a very cute book actually it's black cover and everything you learn that you read that book twice or thrice you read that book twice I'm not saying study that book read that book twice or thrice your cause effect relationship your basic economics angle you will be able to appreciate what are public goods what is happening around you in an economic sense you will be able to appreciate that's the second book and third book you all know Shankar Ganesh right yeah it's good for the jargon thing don't study it whatever jargon you can't find in the internet only investopedia there is a very good site called investopedia and they have in addition to explaining the economic term they have an extra section called investopedia explains where they use an example to explain the concept which is exactly how you should be understanding economics to see that investopedia explains anything you type in there and you will see that for example monetary easing what is repo rate what is reverse repo rate all this you have to know there is no there are and if you and even after this you find economics extremely difficult what I want you to do is to just to safeguard your economics for preliminary what I want you to do is there are some sure shot topics in economics which will be asked every year for example monetary policy for example repo rate for example reverse repo rate are you getting it there is no way you can explain like what happens when repo rate increases what happens when reverse repo rate increases right so you these aspects you have to do and in addition do a decent is parliament is good enough do a decent current affairs compilation of economics I think you will be safe for free right in addition to your class notes I am saying all right so we will go with this difficulty approach okay so we have done economics second we will do environment how many of you find environment difficult anyone not it started yeah you just I will just say this because we will not be meeting again yeah see I hope Karthik and sir Arun sir there is an Arun Lal sir from Pranam I hope they teach you because they are all gone for forest service interview they have a very good grasp of environment they are very good teachers follow their class notes religiously and I think you know that the bible for environment book is like that Shankar right you all know that and if you find that difficult if you find the Shankar material difficult in case you find it there is one so website called PMFIAS.com poor man's friend IAS.com they have excellent resources on environment just refer it they have their geography resources are also very good refer it that's it that's all I have to say about environment especially for IFS people that is forest service people environment I'll talk about that too yeah see the key to getting good marks in preliminary is that you have to answer questions that everybody answers and then you have to answer some questions that normally people don't answer civil service aspirants don't answer that is especially the key for getting forest service cut off that is a key for getting good marks in pre yeah so how to do that you have to ensure that you don't get any questions from your basic books wrong that is the first step you can't get any question from your basic books wrong so let have you start to pollute you yeah so if you if I ask you which of the following is the most constitution says that some part of the constitution is fundamental for the governance of the country which what is it DPSP very good very good so you if you learn a basic book you have to be able to get these kind of direct questions out of basic book that's our sole aim of studying basic books we should not miss a question because the whole India is learning it and then there are certain topics we'll discuss that towards in some off topics like reports etc which if we do which is sure shot and if you do we will get that additional one or two marks required to crack the exam that's it all right the environment we have discussed economy what else polity I think you have started with polity in addition to your class notes you know the bible for polity right Lakshmi Kant yes what I would also suggest see these days I think UPAC has inevitably understood that there is a good book for polity it covers all aspects of polity so you can't ask a basic question which is not there in the book so what they are doing is they are trying to get into the political science area of polity you understand me like for example they ask the question which of the following is the most appropriate definition of liberty this is a question that came in 2018 I guess sorry sorry please last year okay so maybe last year 19 paper all right so this is a question that came and if you check the options all four options are kind of the definition of liberty only you can debate all four options are the definition of liberty but at the end of the day UPAC has to pick one option and no matter what we think no matter how much we debate UPAC has an answer that is a reason why many people who get good marks after pre from institute keys are not clearing the pre have you seen this trend they get 107 10810 but when result comes who used to get 100 is clearing the pre and who is getting 180 this is because many questions are debatable many questions the answers are ambiguous and UPAC is picking what their standard answer and they're sticking to it and if you no matter if you go to court also nothing will happen right yeah so what we are supposed to do we are supposed to get into the mindset of UPAC and what I believe you is UPAC is picking these questions from your NCRTs right that's how NCRTs become important so one source I would suggest in addition to Lakshmi Kandis class 11 NCRT textbook our constitution at work it's an excellent book it starts from why what is a constitution why do we need a constitution so you start from there so that is a thing so our constitution work that NCRT you do make a habit out of it that you understand the things because it is given in the form of discussion between two kids I guess no one boy and a girl you understand that book in that sense only appreciate the book don't learn anything from it just read the book twice or thrice and you will get a they ask like I know this is an easy question but still the freedom to marry a person of your choice falls under which fundamental right it's 21 but there are many people who saw the word freedom and mark which article 19 so let's not be those kind of people that's why I'm saying let's have our understanding solid yeah so we'll keep Lakshmi Kand and the NCRTs good yeah all right that is polity so economics we have done environment we have done polity we have done then what what remains history yeah all right see there are three histories modern history ancient history and medieval history yeah most important is modern history and my source for modern history has only been spectrum my only been spectrum because because a very good book the best thing is it has a synopsis which makes it easier to revise before exam so it is very good right and I've not done anything for pre in for mains it's better if you do like there's a book by Sumit Sarkar I guess classy to partition I think if you do it that will be good for means but for pre I think spectrum and your class notes your class is sufficient yeah that is one thing for ancient and medieval if your class notes are I am not attended classes say so I don't know but if your classes are decent here just stick to your class notes because I would like to introduce called cost benefit analysis because you have to see not offending anything but this is what my faculty used to say even donkeys do hard work right like it's not about hard work it's about smart work you have to do best possible thing with the least effort and in least time that's actually smart work so you have to do smart work and I don't think like you know reading our Sharma exhaustively for preliminary is worth the cost benefit analysis because I don't think so because at least they are asking only one or two questions from ancient history and if you see the question from Jainism in 2017 and all actually I couldn't even understand the question what they are asking what this is I couldn't even understand the question so I don't think the cost benefit analysis is too high so what I did is you in Tamil Nadu governments class 11 book is there for ancient and medieval I found it an excellent so my excellent sources are books which have only 90 pages or 100 pages because it's very easier to revise so I think that's a very good book you read that book 2 3 that is a technique called differential highlighting you buy 2 3 highlighters you differentially highlight the concepts as per its importance and read only one color for your revision so two colors for your second last revision three colors for your third revision as in the sense like you know in a reverse order the called a technique called differential highlighting it's very good that's why you should do it in foxy reader there is an app called foxy reader it is very good because it allows us to highlight in different colors but you try that but I think that book should be decent in addition to your class notes you read that 2 3 twice you will like Amukta Malia the is where which king Krishna right yeah yeah so very good so these kind of questions these kind of basic questions the noble truths of Buddhism the teachings of Jainism like these kinds of questions you will get from the book and that was good enough and your basic culture will next we will talk about culture then your basic culture will also get done from this book right right this Amukta Malia is literature only that is culture that is my point now let me deviate a little and discuss about previous year questions see see we can read a book like five six seven times and still not be able to pick up what we are supposed to pick up from the book right that happens that will not help us right so my idea is that you have to read a book with a purpose you have to have a purpose before you start reading a book right and how do you have that purpose you need to have questions in your mind and your answers should derive from have you felt that has anyone read self-help books just giving an example maybe after a breakup or something you will find that if you read a self-help before a breakup that makes no sense to you but after a make-up it makes plenty of sense it's a best book or something it's a life-saving why because we have questions in our mind we seek the answers of those questions so we read that book with a purpose and you are supposed to do exactly the same thing with a textbook so how do you have that purpose how do you have that purpose let me tell you your bible for your preparation is your previous year questions I think Shankar has given you a blue book right previous year questions always have that in your bag always have that right next to you after you have done the preliminary or cursory reading of a topic go back to your previous year questions solve it let there be mistakes then come again and revisit your textbook again and trust me learning happens then why because you have to get into the mindset of UPSC once you go for like last attempts after my mains I used to work for institutes to frame questions and everything and once you start framing you will get a sense of what they are doing see they have to distort options in a way that looks right that you have to they have to make it seem right they have to make the option seem right and UPSC over the years has a pattern of how do they do it that's why I said solve the previous year questions get the language of the UPSC get the mindset of the UPSC and most importantly pick up the important areas of UPSC why I am discussing in here because otherwise there is no way you can master history see history is a vast subject you can't know every word of it every year of it so if anyone here thinks that UPSC will ask battle of plasi happened in which year and I can tell you reassure you that you are out of the demand of UPSC you're not preparing for UPSC you're preparing for state PSE maybe not UPSC are you getting what I'm saying yeah so you have to know what is the demand of UPSC UPSC doesn't ask years UPSC doesn't ask kings names of kings no this king belong who's a son of a sugar UPSC will never ask are you getting it they will never ask but you have to know but you have to know the chronology did plasi happen before the other battles boxer you have to know did Ashoka came after Gupta before Gupta you have to know because that will help you solve questions UPSC ask things indirectly so if you check that way you will understand that one of let me I can't emphasize this enough one of the most important area in modern Indian history starts after 1939 1939 to 1947 1915 what happened in 1915 something very epic happened in 1915 what happened very good very good very good Dandaji came to India so 1952 the post 1950 era 1939 to 1940 I think in mains also this year they asked post 1939 question this are the most important areas and if see though the foolish thing is the not smart thing is you studying like 1857 to 1900 so well and failing to study say 1939 to 1947 this is not smart studying this is not smart studying we were supposed to clear the exam we are just supposed to clear the exam we are not supposed to take PhD in this we are not supposed to show anyone that I know history no we are just supposed to be a fool and go and clear it that's it that's it just I know people that may not go there okay let's just clear the exam so solve your previous here questions understand the most important areas and learn backwards are you getting it first that's why I said make good use of your classes anyone from Kerala here I don't know sorry okay okay because okay my point is make good use of your classes here tell if you are attending a class here use that to get the context or the background if somebody is teaching here they would have taken two three attempts before you so they have gone through the current affairs and previous year happenings before you so they know the context in which they are teaching something we may be fresh to this are you getting it especially in IR especially in economy they like our economic history they will know the context so use your classes as an icebreaker use it to set the context of your preparation go home read it once more solve your previous here questions visit your basic books this is how you learn this is how you make use of your classes here and this is how you make use of your standard textbooks yeah so we have discussed history just three books spectrum and Tamil Nadu class 11 book yeah that's it all right now we will discuss culture one of my favorite areas one of my very favorite areas because you know just to get some philosophy that's it just something I think but what the beautiful thing about UPSC preparation is it teaches you about India in a way no nothing does nothing does and the best thing is no you will feel that you have been a fool all over this years and whenever you know seriously whenever you visit a place you start seeing things no one ever sees and you would not have ever seen if you visit like Taj Mahal before you learn for culture and after you learn culture it makes a world's difference I went to Nandi Hills in Bangalore use I took geology as an optional in for a service and I was like awestruck man whatever I learned it's actually there so I think UPSC has a beautiful way of teaching and I think culture is one subject if you enjoy you can do very well don't be afraid of culture I've seen how many if you're afraid of culture how many find if you culture difficult not yet started so that's right all right okay but let me say that don't be afraid of culture it is one subject you can very much enjoy and prepare I'll just give you some pointers in case you find it difficult later I'll not be here I'll just give some pointers see do your class notes very attend listen attentively to the class because if he is a person who has like this way I said who has figured out culture the way so it is supposed to be figured out you will enjoy his classes or her classes and that will be very good take that home Nitin Singhanya is a bible book for free because there is no way they are going to ask anything out of it the best thing about Nitin Singhanya is he has attached previous here questions at the end of each chapter that is one thing he has highlighted the important things in red like red color he has used red color for highlighting he has given pictures three good things about Nitin Singhanya so I'll give you a philosophy to do this in Singhanya do one thing not all chapters in Nitin Singhanya has previous here questions at the end so see which chapters has it and do only those chapters because that's what is important so if there is a chapter called calendar you will feel that it is not important but just it has previous here questions at the end so do calendar but for example musical instruments if it does not have a previous here question don't do it right right yeah so that is culture for forest service people culture is one area which can give us an advantage when compared to civil service people we're all civil service people too but still it can give us an advantage that certain questions they find it difficult or they believe they will have you know they will not attempt it so what you can do is there's a website called CCRT certain topics like puppets painting etc it is best done from this website CCRT you I'll talk about note making yeah that is CCRT then there is also a site has anyone seen the better India anyone seen a better yes yes very good they have a section on culture and see if you do very carefully that is very good because I have observed that our mindset is different when we are reading something for pleasure and when we are reading something for learning right if it's not the same right so we can make use of that psychological fact so for example show after the class if anyone so wants to see I'll show you I've brought my notes yeah if you find let's say learning folk paintings difficult from a textbook what I used to do is I would Google folk paintings I would find a news article that discusses folk paintings and read from that art the language will be different they will because they are writing for a commercial purpose they want to entertain us book people they are not writing for any entertainment purpose right so we will be entertained while reading it and that sticks to our memory well I will discuss some memory techniques also right so try to do that that's a smart way to do things so that is culture for you what else we have geography we have you know but you have started geography here yeah we have S&T we have then current affairs that's it right no yeah any other subject I've not talked about that's it all right okay how many if you find geography difficult okay I'm going to ask a stupid question I know I'll regret later how many of your engineers yeah I told you know sorry all right see if you're an engineer geography shouldn't be difficult right I'm just asking because it's like learning engineering only it's science only it's like kind of like learning basic sciences maybe but you find geography difficult one right you okay I will discuss that the problem for geography how many of your geography optional okay okay see I one problem I feel the geographies once it starts getting difficult it is extremely difficult you will find no way out of it okay the second problem regarding geography is see I told you in economics we have an I didn't do ncrt I cleared right so you we have an option of not doing ncrt we have no such option in geography ncrt you have to do you have to do but it is very difficult to route learn very difficult to buy heart or anything and that's not how geography or geology or those subjects are supposed to be learned okay so you have to do ncrt what I will suggest first of all listen to your classes very well from your classes your emphasis should not be note making in geography see I've written three attempts so I can tell you that confidently in geography your note your emphasis shouldn't be whatever sir teaches in class I should take away know your emphasis should be to have that conceptual understanding in geography the conceptual understanding and it is very essential because once you learn chapters in geography once you learn across geography once you're done with geography with one basic chapter you can tackle all chapters that is the beauty of geography so when you're sitting in class I should not be taking everything that says no that should not be your objective our objective is let me see how sir understands the logic of a particular chapter that's my sole point of taking like you know that should be our motto I'll show you now wait I'll show you why I'm not very adapt with using this but so does this look like India to you okay all right what I'm I'll show what I meant okay I'm saying that once you know the basics of one chapter you can do all chapters that's what I'm saying so let me show you this if I know the basics of a chapter called Mansoon I'm going to tell you how I can use it to study the forests of India how I say use it to study the soils of India right okay I know that months you know that it is like there are winds like this they blow like this subtropical winds yeah they're topical East East right and one what is Mansoon once they cross here they change direction that is because Tibetan plate you get seated there is movement of wind and everything that is a theory of Mansoon I'm not going there I'm just telling you that here the Mansoon winds are coming right it's entering India what are these western guts what are these why did I draw western guts like this and eastern very good very good okay these are the RLs okay so the Mansoons wind this is western guts the Mansoon wind is entering so how does rainfall occur there are hills here it is sea Arabian sea the more winds carrying moisture from the sea they grow they go upwards they climb the mountains yeah and as and when they climb the mountains what happens condensation happens and as and when it condenses what happens it's weight increases so when weight increases what happens gravity starts pulling those things down that is called rainfall right so since the western guts are high enough and since they grow high enough one condensation happen at a rapid rate right so when the weight increase at a rapid rate when the rain start falling like heavily right so what happens here these areas it's all western guts these areas they get a nearly 200 millimeters of rainfall right and this is like eight degree latitude this is like zero degree so it's very close to the equator ample sunshine ample rainfall water in forest you have here tropical rainforest right that's why we have tropical rainforest in Kerala in Maharashtra in Gujarat are you understanding this now this wind it gives all the rain this since it is high enough it gives all the rain on the this side now it starts crossing over to Tamil Nadu and it goes down will it have moisture it gave all its moisture here right so here there are moisture less clouds right now similarly like monsoon winds are coming here these winds there are winds that split because of this shape of India there are monsoons here only and some winds enter here also but is it continuous there are gaps right not gaps as in palgaard gap or not don't confuse that gap with this gap these are not continuous mountains there is enough space so in here they gave rainfall because it struck the mountains it went up and gave rainfall here will it happen these winds will pass through these gaps right so again will it cause rainfall here you know so it in the the levered side of western guts you have moisture less clouds and clouds with moisture but not giving rainfall so what do you have here what kind of forest you have your dry deciduous forest right you because this is the levered side and this is the politics of tailingana actually because tailingana falls in this area the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra you see in news every year for that route which area does it fall this area only it is a levered side of western guts it is a side of eastern guts where it passes through there causes no rainfall you will see dry lands you will see dry arid area you will see very deciduous forest and this is the politics of tailingana because tailingana had no rainfall and Andhra was refusing to give them any water so that gave into a political crisis the political dimension but this is i'm the climate i'm saying let's say the winds ones who means enter India they want to strike some mountains like the western guts but what happens here is the RLVs are entirely parallel to the direction of the wind will that give rainfall so what do we have here that's all right now let's say these moisture winds come here here what do you have eastern Himalayas here what do you have poor ones and here we have a like what a conical effect or something yeah so it strikes here there are enough hill ranges there is a narrowing effect also so you have the your Chirapunji and that places here ample rainfall here also you will have tropical rainforest why there is enough sunshine then there's enough rainfall say it will mimic the conditions here but here one thing is different eastern Himalayas are so much higher than western guts that you will have very high altitudes and snowfall conditions so these forest national parks here will show all range of forest are you getting why in the bottom you will get tropical rainfall because until at least say the height of western because you will topical rainfall then it will start becoming snowfall because of so you will get all ranges of forest here all ranges of rainfall here now these winds when they enter India after having shed rainfall here or at least they enter to Cal like West Bengal on the coastal area they will give rainfall towards entering India towards the central India will there be enough moisture it will get dried up because it will get dried up there won't be enough moisture so deciduous forest again not enough moisture are you understanding this this whole diagram we can interpret based on just the monsoon pattern of India that's all we need we don't need anything else we just need the monsoon pan of India and basic knowledge that which forest grows which where you can there is a chapter called natural vegetation in your geography there's a chapter called monsoon forest you know in monsoon in your geography climatic patterns there's after called soils of India heavy rainfall which soil will come laterite soil right so you can connect all areas of geography so what I want you to do is when you sit in your class pick these aspects from your class how sir is connecting the logic of each chapter how sir is making a sense of each chapter that's all you're supposed to take from the class learn from your books at home okay so I supposed to say in revision but I'll just say in geography see you can either learn in CRTs I usually find reading textbooks very boring I'll tell you that so I found a smart way to not read textbooks and that is you must all have heard about this unacademy platform not unacademy plus that's a hoax unacademy platform I'm saying the free unacademy you go to an academy there are several lectures by several students where they read a textbook and explain it with slides so you can have a visual component as if you are reading a textbook you can have an audio component as if you are hearing things so if you are a person who finds reading a book covers don't worry you can smartly clear this exam just do this go to unacademy I would especially recommend policy classes by Nandini Maharaj it's very good it's excellent there are people who do you know geography classes also every geography NCRT is done in unacademy you go to an academy listen to those classes see the slides it's as good as reading the book fine hope I'm clear that is for this as applies especially to geography because they will explain it yeah and again if you find NCRT stuff in the first go because NCRT physical geography is an extremely tough book it's extremely tough book of beginners what I would suggest there is again a geography book by NIOS national institute of open schooling has their geography book it's very lucid and it's very simple that is one thing second thing if you are unable to grasp any of basic geography what I want you to do us you start reading NCRT is from six standard right you start reading NCRT is from six standard don't learn them I'm saying start reading you read 6 to 10 you study 11 to 12 are you getting the difference read 6 to 10 study 11 to 12 that is one more thing and I hope you all follow Hindi how many of you understand Hindi yeah if you understand Hindi as for modern in history and geography in Murnal's YouTube classes there are two excellent teachers see Murnal's economy classes if you have time after you have done classes here it's very good it's very good I'll recommend not the paid ones or anything don't go for anything paid I will never ask you to do anything paid in internet just the free ones second thing there is a Rajneethal Solangi ma'am or something some Ayaras madam who has done geography in Murnal classes which is very good what I used to do is I would listen to that class first and then read the NCRT that would make better sense if you do that right and there's one Pratikna excess class also for modern Indian history which is very good material for revision you don't need to read spectrum just put the video in 2x speed or something when you're having breakfast or something just listen to it and that's it that will be your revision right so that is geography now S&T right see since most of your engineers I will never ask you to read any basic science textbook for S&T if you have nearly 12-13 hours of classes here for basic science just do it from here whatever class notes you're doing that's it don't go study physics biology chemistry for problems no that is not smart studying don't do it don't do it I'll tell you some techniques to answer S&T questions yeah what are you supposed to do is do a decent current affairs compilation for S&T and you will be done trust me you will be done yeah just do some previous decent current affairs compilation IS parliament is good enough I personally did vision IES because I didn't have access to IS parliament then but good enough you do it from there you do it like two to three times and that'll be fine same thing I have to say for current affairs because see you have to do your newspaper very thoroughly and very smartly but I would say do your newspaper for means don't do your newspaper for free I cleared three times without doing newspaper let me tell you that don't do your newspaper for free do your newspaper for means have perspectives build opinions get do it like to let it take two three hours but do it very exhaustively at least then to do see I find nowadays the Indian Express not the new Indian Express which is there in south the Indian Express which is a daily edition you know Ranga going us and they had a split and everything the Indian Express which comes from the north is very good and I feel to an extent it is better than Hindu because Hindu is a little let's say very criticizing paper we are not supposed to criticize we are supposed to constructively criticize Hindu takes it a little bit off track sometimes so I would say Indian Express is a balance paper so try to newspapers there is nothing wrong in that but do it from a means perspective build your opinions build your perspectives leave your pre-part pre every institute is doing a compilation there is no way they are missing anything important from the newspaper just choose a compilation of your comfort and do it two to three times your current affairs but in addition you have current affairs classes to here right yeah who's taking it no you install sorry all right all right all right all right just do your current affairs classes recently some like you know let me say compliment it with your current affairs compilation I think you'll be good to go that's it don't do newspapers exhaustively for your current affairs or anything so I guess that finishes up the book list any questions anyone please feel free to ask we'll not be getting a session I'll not be coming again please so feel free to ask anything yes please so I what I would say that's a very personal thing if you have a pace of like 10 pages per five minutes or something and if you see your peer doing 20 pages and you try to do 20 pages sir the whole purpose is to understand the book the whole purpose is to solve a question right and since you're starting since it's only 2019 already what I would say you take your entire I'll give two things here first keep a track the best way to read a book whatever book it is a story book or anything I think the it is like first reading you just finish the book in like one hour just keep whatever headings are there just this is how medical how many of your doctors okay some of my medical friends gave me this technique because they have to study such bulky books they just go through the book so that is called understanding the philosophy of the book you get what the book is all about you the second reading you start understanding the things the third reading only you learn okay so these three happen at different pages the first will be very fast second will be little slow the third will be slower but I would say one reading you take your time and read so what you can do is if you are taking excess time discipline your time you keep a stopwatch you see how many pages you're doing in 30 minutes and you discipline your time so that you don't waste away time and make it like if it takes total 12 hours don't go play cricket and say that I took 60 no I'm not saying about you I'm just saying let's not waste time and make it understand first reading you do it in your own pace revision only you have to do it faster and smarter that's what I'm suggesting yeah anyone else anything yes man yeah from May 30 was no this year yeah yeah yeah mom never study only for problems I told you see problems if you pass that day problems forever is over it's all about means what I would say if since it's your first attempt and given the nature of the pre it's always good that if you study two and a half months exclusively for pre you have to do there is no doubt about since it's May 31st I would say until February end you study for problems and means integrated not means exclusive problems and means integrated from February end to May 31 do problems only that's what I would suggest because it's very essential if you have to clear pre that's necessary even the conditions right now and do integrated prep write one answers every day do integrated prep only whatever you're learning for pre try to do that portion in mains also until February ends then start your problems exclusive yeah anything else yes no okay it's natural to forget see it's natural forget okay then we'll start the third fourth topic here revision that's why I said if you have not revised anything you have learned it's as good as as if you didn't learn that that's what I think so you have to revise one thing I'll tell you mom not all things you forget now if you what subject did you learn no what subject did you feel like you learned any for sorry mom quality yeah no mama okay okay yeah yeah you feel like you have forgotten quality see mom the ironic thing or the funny thing about is if I give you five questions or 10 questions right now you will be able to solve at least six questions in quality trust me you you feel like you have forgotten because maybe you are not able to recollect the verbatim aspects of what you have studied but that's not the reality that is one thing second thing there is a difference between something that we internalize and something that we remember if I tell you that that is a door okay I see I'm 28 years old I don't need to be taught and given notes that you go there you push or pull and then the door opens like a swing no but if I there is a fault that thing is called the torque in engineering and torque comes as r cross if it's a vector so all these aspects vectors and everything I have to take notes and study and memorize but the fact that it's a door and I have to push or pull to open it go since that is the difference between internalizing and what study so if in quality if I ask you which article deals with like CAG which part of the constitution deals with fundamental rights and you are not able to remember it's okay it's okay but if I ask you fundamental questions like who administers the oath to the president of India these are functioning aspects of quality and there are memory aspects of quality and if you are not able to remember let simple question anti defection law who decides where the members are suspended or not the speaker and you can't say the election commission so this functioning aspects of quality and have memory aspects of quality if you forget there is a difference so what I would say is learn especially when you learn policy I like I told you UPSC syllabus is all about understanding India it is not about learning and cracking it is about understanding India so when you are learning quality for example anti defection law when you are learning please google about it and read the latest happening that has been like if you read that karnataka speaker suspense there every day it is anti defection law so if you learn that karnataka speaker suspense 30 ml is for anti like you know for some violation you will remember the news if you when if you don't remember the fact from this thing when you study about for who administers oath to the president just do one thing go to now the new chiefs of India like got sworn in just go to google youtube it and chiefs is swearing it and you have to see who is giving to see president Ramnath Cohen sir there you will know that it will happen you will know it from your insight rather than from your heart you will not from a heart you are then you bring that's all I'm saying so those it is not like engineering where you know we used to study in the last day and I don't know what I wrote in my engineering papers right but this is different this is happening aspects of something which we can see around so what I would suggest for better memory is first thing get a feel of how things are happening in the country anti defection law you go see it article 370 read the news how people are their freedoms are violated something like that so that's why I said that will go into your heart that will stay and you will never forget that that is one way not to forget that is the way not to forget the functioning aspects like I said the way not to forget the memory aspect is revision you have to revise and we'll talk about smart ways to revise and have I addressed your query mom all right and now you don't worry about forgetting now all you have to do is you have to give yourself the psychological satisfaction that I did polity Lakshminkanth once don't worry about remembering nothing no that will come that will come you will go through several test papers you will go through several kind of exposures which will make you remember those stuff you don't worry yeah now this is psychological and I'm doing hard work and I'm studying for UPC that should be there yeah don't worry yeah anything else just one please yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah I know I know like very good question very good question a wonderful example is that whenever you are reading Wikipedia don't go beyond the first paragraph that is a very good example like why I'm saying this I'm not making a joke out of it I'm saying this because for example you're reading about a national park just read what the first page of Wikipedia says for example they asked which of the national parks connects to eastern cuts and western cuts which are the foreign national parks has floating vegetation or something they are something yeah so all these are key aspects of a thing which appears in the first paragraph of Wikipedia and that is how you don't do a phd level and the general studies level you're an administrator you're you're training to be an administrator you have to be the jack of all traits right not the master of everything so that is one way another way maybe what I can give you an example of can you give me an example like I'll tell you where to stop maybe I can try if you have tried something because I think that'll make better sense to you me too like let me think about it yeah something will come to my mind and I'll let you know yeah anything else now somebody was asking here I'm really sorry yes now yeah we'll oh yes yes very good thank you we'll talk about maps we'll talk about international organizations I'll tell you one area for example bitcoins you're studying about bitcoins and if you go it's kind of virtually impossible to understand the whole technique unless you are really into bitcoins the whole system and everything no but what as a UPC aspirant you have to know that there is something called a ledger there is something called accounting there is something called a crypto web and everything there is dark web these basic terminologies and the basic framework of how it works you don't have to be a technocrat there because if you write a jargon full answer in mains you will definitely get zero because even they don't know what they are correcting these are generally certainly who are coming to correct the paper I'm serious you have to write the paper for the examiner not for you I've seen history optional people getting horrible marks in GS1 why I've seen like sociology people getting 290 in society sociology and getting nearly 86 in paper one I know a girl I know a close friend of mine why because she's so good in sociology she will write a sociological answer in paper one so that is one another area when you especially this is technology just study the basic order like okay there is bitcoin it's a called a cryptocurrency why crypto because it has some deciphering part to it that's it it works like a ledger yes there is a framework yes there is something called mining of bitcoins mining means this that does it don't go beyond it five keywords basic are you getting it did I answer your query never go into the technological aspect of it and the second thing is what's the optional mom PSA did you do PSIA for your graduation too but okay IR okay would you genuinely no NT okay see one problem I have this the supplies to grad like arts engineering people you don't have to worry about anything but arts graduates I feel economics graduates PSIA graduates the problem is they have such deep knowledge in the thing they go into an academic mode of writing in answers that is one PhD level you have you shouldn't be doing you should write from a generalist perspective what everybody knows about the thing and maybe one or two keywords for example don't quote thinkers in GS papers are you getting done course you don't need thinkers in GS papers for example in sociology or PSIR economics also for example when I discussed a question like how demand and supply something affects the price it's we think of it like supply increases demand decreases like that only but he was giving us two line diagrams and he was saying this will come that will come that is not I don't feel that is required for GS are you getting it you have to stop at the periphery of it never go into the core understand it but never go there good yeah I answered yeah all right anything mom did I answer your parents sorry I'm really sorry yeah what was she asking uh yes yes I'll come to that yeah international organizations then there are reports okay see one important area that is coming up in mains uh prelims recently is your mapping thing your mapping thing in the sense you there are two mapping things one you need an understanding of the map second thing they're asking the map explicitly okay the understanding of the mappers there was once a question when you travel from Kerala to Nagaland how many states will you pass through this requires an understanding of the map which state forms the boundary of which state this you will get the similar understanding is required and which are the following attributes of a river where does a river merge which river takes a u turn which river crosses equate a tropic of cancer twice these are questions which you can get from an understanding of the map then there are questions like which of the following countries borders Syria which are the following and is does not border Syria which are the following and is borders Mediterranean fee there are these type of questions for the first part of the question you keep an atlas handy which atlas are you using orient alone man everyone Oxford okay it's a little dull no it's very orange book no Oxford yeah okay try orient long man it's a beautiful atlas it's a very descriptive atlas it's a very beautiful atlas and it has highly zoomed in pictures so it makes easy for you to market you do your orient log man atlas whatever geographical aspect you read in newspapers you see in classes you immediately go to your atlas and mark it with a highlighter and take this very seriously you immediately do it because otherwise you will never get a sense of direction you'll never get a sense of direction that is one thing I'll talk about green humor also that is one thing for the second part what I would suggest if you have classes here well and good otherwise there is a class by one Mr Sandeep Reddy or something law excellence academy I don't know the academy but his classes are there in youtube for the past three four years where he describes every international location in news be it south anisee bit Mediterranean sea discusses the bordering countries and everything just do that just do three to four years and you will have to have done every place in use Syria etc yes all right what else yeah I'll come to note making man I'll come yeah maps international organization we'll talk about reports and for a okay that you'll study environment all right so this is ma'am did I answer your query was this what you're asking yeah keep a map handy man that's all I'm saying especially for drainage especially for natural vegetation especially for your your resource geography economic geography part oars mines etc if I give you single mines you have to know where it's it they give you three mines you have to know where it is it lol go to you have to know where it is right yeah so keep economic geography especially keep your resources handy if you map handy you mark in your map that'll do and somebody asked maybe you're saying a memory thing I'll just say something there are certain lists there are certain itinerary of things for example folk dances it belongs to which state the rebutaries which belongs to which state you will have difficulty remember so what I will do I said revision what you should be doing is make a list of topics which are difficult to remember for you yeah and do one thing you revise that the first thing in the morning your first thing in the morning is a time when your brain is not flooded by thoughts of anything studies relationships nothing so it's your free first you know I'm serious see this I told you please take it with up in take it seriously what I'm saying I'm saying like a brother because these are things I found practical I can give you a topos lecture the way you see in YouTube like I did this I did they're not doing that so that's why I'm saying first thing in the morning you take whatever subject is difficult for you you divide your time into a chunk of 20 minutes 20 minutes you map do map 20 minutes you do folk dances the thing is your brain gets into that routine where if you even if you mix things up your brain starts recognizing are you getting it this is a pattern we are supposed to follow second thing if you're having trouble sitting for long hours especially engineers study we have studied only in the last minute right so if you have trouble there is one technique called Pomodoro technique yeah if you have done that yeah it's very good it's very practical you download the app from your like play store it's called Pomodoro app it breaks your time into chunks of 25 minutes 25 minute 5 minute break 25 given our attention span that is very good 5 minute and after 2 or 4 sessions you will get a break of nearly 15 20 minutes very productive if you have these are smart see we don't have to be like you know especially smart studying people to clear this we can adopt such smart techniques with technology to do it yeah all right so that's it so I think we have discussed topics which are coming yeah I'll just say off topics to especially for Forest Service people if you want to clear pre what I want you to do is there are certain topics I can assure you questions will come from for example reports which report by whom that is a very important topic and questions do come from the topic and I would like you to do that for that the smart way to do is you take the index page of IAS Parliament yeah IAS Parliament will have an index page like this and they are there we have divided it and first they will have World Bank and they will give all the reports of World Bank then they have IMF all reports of IMF you just learn the index page that's all that's all you are supposed to know which report comes from which organization and this especially applies for Bretton Woods this especially international organizations who are you only mom yeah I'll say that I'll say that this applies to which organizations you know which report is coming from which organization that will help you eliminate the required options that will help you answer the question don't go into the details of the report what the report discussed it is irrelevant because you will once you eliminate which organization it is from you'll be able to answer the question regarding international organizations mom what I would like to say is there are several organizations which are important for example Bretton Woods for example UN's specialized organizations for example like the new development bank Asian Development Bank and those kind of organizations what I will suggest is IAS Parliament has a book I think it is pretty exhaustive you do one thing you Google these organizations and take read the first paragraph of Wikipedia that will be easier if you find a compilation easier then it will do but take a compilation get the list of important organizations and go to Wikipedia read the first paragraph I think you will have the requisite information to crack it yeah yeah all right I think we're done with the book list yeah so book list you have discussed okay previous year questions I've emphasized the importance right use it to guide your preparation your previous year questions are your bible you will guide your preparation with your previous year questions like you know get a sense of reading a book get a purpose of reading a book with your previous year questions mark the important areas understand the language of UPS questions now we'll discuss about note making all right you can make your notes online you can make your notes offline right the some notes are made like it's better to make them offline for example your class notes you can't type it in your classroom but some notes are better made online and the advantage of making online is you can first you can search your notes that's the best thing because at the just before your pre what you want is one page of Buddhism and you can't go through the entire paper right so you can search your notes that is very important you can highlight your notes second thing you can add diagrams which aids in memory have you has anyone seen Sherlock BBC series Sherlock yeah there's Sherlock uses something called mind palace where he visits his mind palace to solve his crimes his memories we can create our own mind palaces by you smart note making we use diagrams we use differential highlighting to create mind palaces and we store images and I'll discuss that so for problems I believe best note making is done in ever note I did ever note not one note one note is also good I did ever note if if you want after class I'll sit here and show you my ever note I did over note what I did is I used to copy paste diagrams I used to differentially highlight my notes I used to copy paste diagrams so that it sticks to my memory I'm talking about memory aiding techniques I'm talking about revision my purpose is to revise remember the fact I taught you the fact that it is a door and I have to push I need not revise this inside my heart I will not make a note of it what I will make a note of it that it is a torque it is r cross of it is vectors these I will make a note of so what you are supposed to remember only you take notes what is supposed to go inside you don't make notes class note I will have an opposite philosophy whatever sir is teaching you except maybe geography even if you want because it helps me pay attention so my class notes used to be this thick because I will write everything that is being taught in the class but it helps me because I can pay attention in the class otherwise my mind keeps drifting off so that is one technique you can use otherwise I think make your notes in ever note you add diagrams you add pictures you search google add google images differentially highlighted make it as colorful as you want I'll show you if you want and that will help you in quick revision that is about note making okay revision I think we have talked about now of topics we have talked about test series yes the most important part of your prelims prep especially for forest service cutoff is test series see if you go to youtube you'll see one of my videos where I say that my method has been 10,000 into three that I used to solve 10,000 questions three times this has been my method this I did first time second time when I got one month after interview I did 7,000 questions when I got six time again when I got one month after interview I did 4,000 questions so the thing is this is accumulated knowledge so it helps but what is 10,000 questions 10,000 questions is 100 test papers right 100 into 100 is 10,000 10,000 question is 100 test papers what I used to do is now see 100 seems a little far-fetched for you maybe now it's December already so let's solve 7,000 questions 70 test papers I want you to do if you can 70 test papers that is like 38 something you will get from Shankar itself 30 something if you free upsc materials over it has several test papers of different academies you will get 30 40 papers that will account to nearly 60 70 papers you do that and you will have done solve 7,000 questions and trust me that is the best thing you can do for free 7,000 question is 7,000 concepts discussed in 7,000 ways and that will have 7,000 answer keys 7,000 answer discussions putting the same concept in 7,000 perspectives that means you will never get that question wrong again I trust I would now it is not just that you do a paper and fire and forget approach no you do a paper you revisit the key of the paper and you make something called error note what I did is I used to make something called error note that is whatever I get I mark wrong in a paper I will whatever wrong only this is how you would not do PhD this is another technique where you do not overdo things whatever I mark wrong only I would copy paste it in my ever note in a book called error book I will show you after class error book and I will revise this error book only before my pre are you getting it so if you have solved 7,000 papers you will have covered all important concepts concepts which are important for that year and that error book which you have made mistakes means you would have done the most solid revision possible and you will go for pre well-prepared so make something called error book it is best done in ever note you can create ever note in your phone also not necessary in a laptop but if you can afford a laptop by a laptop it's the best investment you can have in this years so that is regarding no test series and note making now I think what remains think what remains now the logical attempt thing only any questions yes sir please yes sir yeah yeah yeah yeah why are you thinking about next second bro okay bro one thing is I was always scared to take an exclusive mention or medieval paper I never wrote I'm very sure I never wrote because only one or two question comes there is no logic in doing 100 questions for one or two questions let that question come I'll do my best and go I'll never solve ancient or medieval paper see it's okay if you do new paper or old paper because your test series will keep updating for example this year Shankar will have a paper next year Shankar will have paper it's very difficult to get this year's paper and solve so I'll solve next year solely because it is easy for me right but one thing I want you to do repeatedly God forbid you don't make it in one attempt God forbid you don't know what it makes in one after one thing I want to do repeatedly is your previous year questions there is no bar to doing it you have to do it n times or how many times as you want it keep doing it but pest papers you keep switching or don't switch so I think it depends on subject to subject and how far how uncomfortable are you with revising from the book for example in geology we had a book called K. M. Bunger and it had bold headings in bold and concepts and different things so it made no sense to make note of it so it depends on the book and it depends on our own wisdom I would say if you find the book uncomfortable go for notes that's it yeah yes mom yeah yeah okay okay why did that feeling come mom let's solve that problem why did that feeling come why do you think that we was the test difficult or were you not able to attempt as you wanted why did that feeling come yeah okay yeah yeah how many questions did you attempt 60 10 30 30 correct ma'am I would say you will definitely clear this attempt I'm saying that because this is how exactly we are supposed to start this is how exactly we are supposed to start yes please you are saying something you're saying something no okay I'll just say that you see when we begin if you get 90 right and 10 wrong you're not you're doing something wrong so I say you're doing justice to yourself you got 30 right right you hug and clap yourself for that you've got 30 right 30 wrong yes please let's make that kind of mistake but I want you to take one learning out of this like see I told you I practice 100 test nearly 100 question test papers maybe 90 something just for my ego I keep saying to myself it's hundred yeah the thing is after you solve n number of papers you arrive at a conservative error rate for yourself since you're making 30 mistakes I near to my exam was in June or something and towards May April May I realize that no matter how much I am going to study from now I am making 21 to 25 mistakes in every paper that is my error rate so I went back we are good at God we are going and good at reverse engineering so I went back so if I am making 21 to 25 in order to get 140 130 I should be attempting how many questions 90 questions so that even after 21 to 25 I get how many right answers 70 right answers are you getting it so I what I would say you are doing exceptionally well you are studying you got 30 right 30 mistakes is see even in this 30 mistakes I'm sure 15 questions at least you knew right these are mistakes something you marked it wrong at that point of time what I want you to do is gradually step up your attempts let it be 50 50 next the next exam it has to be 40 right 40 wrong let the next exam it has to be 50 right 40 wrong this is what I want you to do this is what I want to do is increase your attempts next attempt so that you make more mistakes and more right answers that is one thing second thing in this 30 areas if I give you the same paper again I can assure you you will make nearly 30 mistakes and that 30 mistakes will be from the same topics because you will not be having clarity in that topic for example for me parliament section in you quality Lakshmi Khan those one topic I'll never get it right like so many cut motion that motion this motion it's very difficult very difficult no I'm saying seriously like start question start question it's very difficult what I so what that I so what we are supposed to do we need to track down which topics we are repeatedly getting the wrong you corrected that's how you increase your score and I conquered this topic because then I realized I should be doing quality by understanding my nation I went and I saw my leader of opposition asking an unstarred question I knew it has to do with giving answers in written and not written see I remember it even now I haven't revised it in like one and a half years maybe but are you getting it this is how you learn it so track the areas you are marking wrong conquer that areas and then only write the next text if you come again write the next text without studying the areas that went wrong or some questions in 30 you got right not offensive everyone of us gets it right by some fluke maybe five ten questions you study those areas also that's how you do complete justice to your preparation next exam if you mark the question from let's say CAG wrong if you get one more question from CAG wrong that is not justice to yourself then you are not making improvement but this thing I can assure you if you study track down important topics increase attempts conquer topics which are difficult for you conquer topics which we got right by fluke and then take the next attempt I can assure you will clear on this attempt itself and don't get disheartened by one test or two tests I told you it's if any vehicle by one market is good enough no don't get disheartened by one test or two tests that it is this you know nothing like that nothing like that yeah all right yes yeah yeah no actually I studied you know that there are two optionals in for forest service I mine was geology and forestry my civil service option was Malayalam I went for interview both interviews in the last year 2019 I guess so I studied geology forestry in 50 days after civil so what I would suggest is you focus entirely on civil's preparation right now entirely because your civil's preparation gives you the right approach to answer your gk paper your English has an essay component it will fetch you good marks in that geology forestry your or whatever your optionals are do you have a background in any of the science of this you are planning to take as optional oh okay so max and forestry maybe yeah right good enough good enough so why you fear you are covering nearly 75 percent of the syllabus of forest service when you're preparing for civil's 25 percent is forestry forestry there is a Lakshmikanth book yeah see it I would say go for it I would say there is a Karthik Ansar's class here it's excellent you need someone to put the subject in a perspective specialist study that in a short span of time this given we will understand where did you do your bachelor's from now like engineering only from Emma Kelly's all right so the thing is I studied in NIT so we never had any kind of exposure to any of these kind of things so when someone with a background in forestry teaches you something and you learn it by yourself there's a slight difference so you check that book see how you are faring well and if you're not able to appreciate the subject I would say go for the classes otherwise you can do it on your own it's a small book Manigandha and Prabhu you do it like 15-20 times you will learn forestry that is good enough but let's put it in the right perspective if you feel like having a class but there is enough time for you to decide it it's next year only you know next year only focus on your pre because otherwise you can't write forest yeah yeah because like I told you if you're optional is max you're doing it for civils and if you're doing your GS preparation well 75% of IFS syllabus you're doing already 25% release what remains and you have 60 days to do that ample time yeah no problem no worries anyone else now sir please yes sir yeah yeah art of living in the sense how to not attempt certain questions no yeah yeah we'll discuss that we'll discuss that I'm discussing a whole area of attempting papers we'll club it there I'll just write it down anything else yes ma'am ma'am I would say error book again if you're making mistake make a note of it otherwise just leave it yeah anything else yes sir not audible I'm not audible what are you saying yeah yeah no bro you have to put it in context you have to take the analysis you have to develop your own perspective you need to have your own balanced opinion on things are you getting it for example UPSC will not ask you things directly for example 370 you need to have a stand and that stand should not be any political party stand that should be neutral unbiased stand that is expected from who from an administrator so you get that by reading two newspapers so I would say you would take opinions take the things you're supposed to take away and make note of it not just read the newspaper no take notes yes sorry you if possible do your exam is on may no March April you keep doing it month of May don't do any newspaper start again after pre yeah February March you can do and stop it and start after pre start reading again yeah all right anything else anyone else please any doubts all right all right so we'll go to the most important section of our discussion that is how to write the paper write the brilliance paper first of all like I told you unless and until you have a very high accuracy that is you mark 70 and you get 69 right or 60 right you have to increase your attempts if you are supposed to score decently especially not to take offense anyway but if you fall in general category it's very essential that you mark above 85 90 if you want to start clear the general cutoff it's a reality it's nothing it's a reality yeah so you have to increase your attempts and how to do this is that you have to attempt questions you don't know if you have seen the papers of 2016 onwards or 2017 onwards at least you will know that if your approaches to answer only the questions that you know only the areas that you have studied or only the topics you have seen somewhere that approach won't fetch you good enough marks to clear pre comfortably that's all I'm saying all right how many of you have a thought in your mind the first thought that comes into your mind when you see a question is say it comes from history oh I haven't studied history I'll attempt it after studying how many if you do that yeah let's not do that yeah okay let's not do that at all and what I'm saying is you have to attempt questions if you have that mindset we will automatically refrain from answering several questions we can easily answer without knowing much that's what I'm saying and you can do that that's all I'm saying let me give you some examples if I give you a statement ISRO ISRO launched indigenously launched an 8000 kg weighing satellite using its GSLV vehicle from Sriharikota can anyone tell me why this statement is right or wrong very good very good even GSLV mark 3 can carry only 4400 kg this is an actual statement I lifted out of a UPSC paper and see what UPSC UPSC is only checking do you know what is the limitation or the maximum carrying capacity of a satellite launching vehicle in India and UPSC is checking it indirectly so you know that we can launch only till 4400 can't you solve this question easily can you so I'll give you a better statement to make in I'll say national investment and infrastructure fund is a corpus constituted by the government of India with an annual fund of 4 lakh crore rupees under x ministry why this statement wrong 4 lakh crore is 2g scam it is not a fund are you getting it it is 40 000 crore the answer is 40 000 crore something in lakh crores if we had that kind of money who would we be so you can't have an infrastructure fund for lakh crores it is a 40 000 crore so this is how UPSC is distorting right statements to make it true and into 10 see two instances where it did an into 10 or distorting with numbers so you don't need to know what NIF you don't need to know anything about infrastructure or fund you just need to know that 4 lakh crore is an absurd figure are you getting it this is how you answer questions so if you leave a question thinking that oh I didn't learn about NIF I didn't do current affairs see what kind of a mistake you are making you don't need to know anything and still you can solve the question because you know that NIF is like what any fund can't be 4 lakh crore are you getting my flow this is how you increase your attempts this is how you increase your attempts this is how you answer questions you don't know and this is how you safely get a clearing marks because trust me you have to answer these kind of questions otherwise if you just stick to questions you only know you will end up answering only 40 50 questions I'll give you another example there was a like okay I'll discuss in some other context there was a question in 2018 or something like they gave the name of a Hindi organization and they asked who founded it now it's a very difficult question we haven't studied it about it in spectrum or any other sources so it's a very difficult question to answer but since I wanted for us cut off there is no way I couldn't I could leave that without answering so the first option so it's a Hindi organization and it's an agriculture organization that's all I know and the first option had the name EMS Nambudri pardon it which is for the first CM of Kerala and I know he was a leftist and he was so anti-Hindi you will never find an organization with a Hindi name so I eliminated that option the second option had the names M and Roy and Dindaya Lubadhyay yeah M and Roy is a founding leader of CPI he founded CPI in 1925 and Dindaya Lubadhyay we know he belongs to the right wing towards the right end of the spectrum of politics will Sitaram Yachuri sir and let's say the BJP president come together to form an organization today so will they do with the past year no so I invented that option that won't happen now I had two options and then this is the game of risk I want to tell you if you play cards if you gamble you know that 50% is the risk you have to take 50% mathematics of you know that four options what is the chance 25% you eliminate one it is 33% when you eliminate when you have only two options it is 50 50 each and 50 is a chance you have to take like think of your favorite go and take a chance seriously that is what you're supposed to do but that is not how you do it if you practice diligently enough you will take the right chance that's all I'm saying because of these two choices I eliminated the remaining choices I did take a chance but I had practiced nearly 90 papers 9000 questions I had seen how 9000 see 9000 questions is 9000 into 4 is 36000 30 I have seen how 36000 options were made and how they were made wrong so practicing this 36000 with an error book into three times I know that how an option can be distorted which is the most likely option and I see I studied in NID I started preparing for entrance right from my 17 years of age and since then I have been seeing mcqs so all I'm seeing is if you prepare well right now you can understand the mindset of the examiner you can understand how an option is distorted you can understand how they play with the language of an option so that you can you can be smart enough to eliminate the option and if you practice well enough it is like learning to ride a bicycle your brain will show you that this is a right option are you getting it this is called deliberate practice you google you too there is something called deliberate practice so it's a technique called deliberate practice this is called deliberate practice and you do it this is not overwhelming this is something you all can do so the key is you will attempt questions you don't know even if you know or you don't know you will read the questions you will see if you can eliminate at least one option and this is my key to you you will leave a question only if you don't know anything in the question and options see what is the difference between an mcq and a descriptive paper in an mcq the answer is already right in front of you in a descriptive paper you have to write the answer you don't have to frame an answer here it is in front of you so if you don't know a single keyword for example they ask something about jana system I didn't know a single even the if thing I was confused if it has a meaning yes please if you have if you don't know a single keyword in a single option or the question that is the only time you leave a question the only time you leave a question otherwise you will try to make a best like you will try to give a good attempt of that question yeah do you want me to discuss certain questions in this angle this light yeah all right I'll have brought some questions one thing I want to add say the when I discuss the last question I did say mn draw is a leftist party somebody else here said that also do you know why they are able to say that this is the importance of doing your basic books well if you have done your spectrum well you will find that mn row is there and that's why I said do your basic book well because that will help you eliminate something right so if you don't do your spectrum and then you can try elimination no elimination is not out of thin air it's not like something we do but it's not a chance game like I said no it's not a chance game it's a very intelligent thing it's an intelligent thing you train your brain to do like you the way you learn bicycling that's it yeah so there is a question in the index of eight core industries which one of the following is has the highest weightage all right and there are four options cold electricity fertilizer teal can you tell me no let the answer be anything can you tell me the option you can eliminate easily fertilizer very good excellent why you know why why don't you think it will be there just asking very good you answered it just asking I'll give you a logic it'll be up exactly agriculture anyway is contributing less than 20 percent right is 18 percent or something we study about disguise unemployment why would the sector producing only 18 percent of dgdp come as a highest core industry are you getting it see how we eliminated fertilizer how we use that logic so can't you even if you don't know anything about core industries anything about industry let's say can't you eliminate fertilizer knowing that you have a knowing your basics in agriculture right right so this is how you approach questions I will show you some other example too