 in this section, I will explain what is meant by active and passive investing. So, these are the two important concepts or the two types through which we can explain the investment behavior. So, active investment or active investing require hands-on approach where, if there is a fall in the price, if there is a rise in the price, then you can quickly invest from decision-making. And that is always carried out by the experts or financial intermediaries who basically deal with active investment. On the other hand, we have got the second type and that is called the passive investing. In passive investing, buying and selling frequency is very low as compared to active investing. So, passive investing means that you are waiting and then you are basically spending money or you are buying financial instruments or you are selling the financial instruments. But you take these decisions based upon the information that is available in the market and that is not spontaneously done. So, if you are doing spontaneously work or quickly or buying and selling in very small intervals, then you are doing active investing. In passive investing, your frequency is less as compared to the frequency of sale and purchase that is done in active investing. And usually, what people do is that they put money in index funds or mutual funds and the frequent buying and selling is not involved. Now, if we further deliberate on the concept of active investing, the goal in active investing is to beat the market. Now, this is a technical term. Beating the market means that if you are getting an overall average return in the market, suppose 8%. So, you quickly selling or purchase and quickly investing in the market and buying and selling. And through that, you try to earn more money than the average return of the market. So, what you are trying to do is that if you earn more money than the average return of the market, then you are successful in beating the market. So, to beat the market means to make money more than to generate a return more than the average market return. If you earn more money than the average return of the market, then you are successful in beating the market. So, the basic objective of active investment is that you try to beat the market to make more money that can be earned by investing your money in mutual funds or things that are, that do not involve quick buying and quick selling. So, we classify these kinds of things in the strategy of active investing. Now, when you are interested in going for active investing, it means that you need to deeply understand whatever is going on because on that particular basis, that could be on a daily basis or on a weekly basis. So, you need to have a deep understanding and you keep an eye on the dynamics of the capital market, what is going on in this. What are the transitions in the money market, what are the changes, what is the policy change and panic has come. So, you keep an eye on these things and invest in stocks for active investing. Active investing करनेम के लिए, important है के जो, portfolio manager है, they consider different types of information and they involve the qualitative information, they involve that the decision making involves the quantitative information. So, they basically look at the overall changing scenarios and then they try to take benefit out of those changing scenarios. So, wherever they get to see the value of any stock, they quickly buy it. If they expect that it will rise after a week or two or three days. So, in this way, you follow the strategy of active investment and try to increase your benefits or return. Now, we can see that both investors or the intermediaries go for both types of investing, active and passive investing. But generally, we have seen that if we take historical data and see it, then most of the investment is done following the strategy of passive investing. And another important thing which we need to know is that which is quite interesting, which category through which strategy you can see that which investing strategy can help you in making more money. So, passive investing, although it doesn't seem that it will give you a lot of returns. But if we take historical data and see it, then we get to see that investors mostly follow the passive investing strategy and most of both the passive investing strategy which people have generated is more than the money which has been generated using the active investing strategy. Now, active investing strategy is becoming popular. As you have seen that financial technology has advanced a lot. And every person tries to beat the average market return and generate more money. So, especially when there are a lot of fluctuations in the market, you get to see very quickly that the active investing strategy is used and the financial experts advise companies to invest in these stocks so that you can make more money.