 Good morning, good afternoon, and good evening, everyone. My name is Pajaya Mahakarnath. I work at the Department of Environment and I'm the representative of the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. About today, I would like to present one of our successful cases, Lumpini Park, green space for sustainable environment. Lumpini Park is the first public park in Thailand. The park was first opened in 1925, located in Central Business District, or CBD, at the heart of Bangkok. The park is surrounded by offices, shopping malls, hotels, private residence buildings, and important landmarks. This 142-acre park is highly visited by both people of Bangkok and tourists. Since it is conveniently accessible by skytanes and subways with its location in high density and strategic CBD area, Lumpini Park has become one of the most popular open spaces for recreational activities and relaxation in the city. The city of Bangkok aims to develop the park to its highest potential to effectively serve as green open space for the city. There are challenges that come with urbanization, the likes of population, high land values, and environmental issues, such as flooding, pollution from phytoncide and car exhaust fumes. Results from our initial surveys found that Lumpini Park remains the most popular public park among Thais and foreigners alike. However, for over 96 years of operation, since its first opening in 1925 until today, the park is now in its declining state. Some areas of the park are heavily used while some areas are neglected. Our new development of Lumpini Park will need focusing on developing these areas to be more function and lifelike identity of the park as a metropolitan public park that supports quality of life for the people. On occasion of 100 anniversary of Lumpini Park in 2025, the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration has implemented Lumpini Park Development Project with objective to improve Lumpini Park to be more up to date with modern lifestyles and be environmentally resilient green space for the city. The conceptual of newly developed park comprised of five ideas that reflect unique identities of the park. The first one is, sorry, the first one is heritage history that shows historical value of the park and will serve as a learning center of the first public park in Thailand. The second idea is cultural integration, a public space for cultural activities which will show the smooth integration of diverse art and cultural assets of the city. The third idea is modern recreation, a public space that is modern and suitable for various recreational activities and lifestyles. The fourth idea is climate action park, area for resilience and sustainability that adapts to the impact of climate change on environment such as flooding, air pollution and rising temperature. And the fifth idea is inclusive design for all, inclusive designs based on needs and uses of everyone, including children, adults, elderly and people with disabilities needs. This presentation will focus on the fourth idea, climate action park. You will learn about our plans and concept designs for developing Lumpini Park to be one of the infrastructure of the city. Bangkok is one of the cities affected by climate change because of its geographical location at an average elevation of 1.5 meters above sea level. The city faced with land subsidence and severe thunderstorms from cumulative heat from fossil fuel vehicles and numerous air conditioned buildings. The increase of land for water could not be drained in time. So Lumpini Park has a big green space in the high density CBD of Bangkok placed a significant role for safer and more resilient Bangkok. The idea about green and blue infrastructure is urban water retention. 15% or 28 acres of the 142 acre area of Lumpini Park is water pond that could retain over 200,000 cubic meters of water. The pond would help the drainage system in the city by reducing the drainage of overwhelming amount of rainwater in the area from the retaining rainwater in the pond. However, since the park has been in operation for a very long time, the existing drainage and sewage system are not in the full waste function. This new development menu focused on building water retention capacity, improving water quality in the pond and building underground water tank to retain rainwater for park maintaining supports. And about the urban forestry development, tree has always been in the essential part of successful city. This would help reduce temperature and air pollution. From our initial surveys, we found that there were various perennial plants for more than 2,700 trees. Over 90% of these are tall trees from over five meters to 25 meters tall. So the park was very well-suited to be urban green space that could provide shade and reduce the temperature in the city. The new development menu acquires 16 more acres of urban forest. Trees act like a natural spawn absorbing water runoff before release it back in the atmosphere. While reducing the need for storm drains and water treatment plants, that leaves purified the app by tapping carbon and other pollution, making them essential for fighting against climate change. There will be more trees for a more diverse ecosystem. And this park will be a learning center for the people. Reduce temperature as well as reduce air and dust pollution in the city. The landscape architect team of Lumpini Park redesigning project has arranged stakeholder engagement activities for the park users, such as runners, elderly people with vision needs, private sectors and entrepreneurs in the area and experts and academic in environment, water management and biodiversity to gather information and suggestions and incorporate their valuable input in the redesigning of the Lumpini Park to be accessible and sustainable green public park in the future. Thank you very much for your listening.