 बद मुर्णीग और आगीई आपकड़ दिब कप्रखर जे अप ड़्चर का आना की सब्ईलगाट आप उपायन कोंगाटानीग तिज़क्बहाए मद्गोझां कांगीगेगेगेगे से आप सबिल्लिएर, घर करखाचलद. मुर्द हीनिखल कर्मटृं स satisfies two bills supplier मुर्द ऑए सती ज्ल़ लिँनक भ़ाँ स्वब नहीं अंदर्स्टन्टिग दी अनातमी इस of immense importance because it allows understanding of the pathologies as well as normal variants that we look for, it makes minimally invasive interventions and surgery is possible because of the details that it provides to the spinal surgery. अबसियं। these are current American College of Radiology, ASMR and SCBT guidelines for which sequences need to be performed for degenerative disorders. For example in the cervical spine the T1s and T2s are obtained with a slice thickness of 3mm and a gap of 1mm. petits, in thoracic and lumbar spine, the slice thickness is 4 mm. So broadly when we do cervical, dorsal or lumbar spine MRI, for degenerative disorders, we obtain 3 or 4 mm sagittal t2 edged images, actually t1 and superfict2 in the dorsal and నంరిని నోంర్, నాటిర్స్ నినొస్స్ నార్ నార్స్ నిస్స్స్ నౄంర్స్ మార్సని నా HTTP-b మంర్సినంరే మరిసగామాటి బిసంరడ్సంచతరావం నారి మధ geworden is associated with theseages and these disorders. Lot of people also obtain failures and kernel Archivus minogram pictures which are heavily precipitated sequences and they take about 3 to 4 seconds of time these days. It is again a heavily precipitated sequence. As I said, axial gradient replaces axial T2 in this cervical spine. other people who have undergone wide limit means they suffer from post operative list cases which is best seen in flexion and extension studies. So, a fast T2 sequence in flexion and extension in addition to neutral position is also useful in post operative spine at the atlantic action junction when you are looking for atlantic action stability, instability or subluxations.  ajust a flexure extension in dynamic mode is a necessity again the slide step is there is 3 to 4 ml post contrast study is necessary in post operative spine where we are looking for agreeable fibrosis or epicnoatus and in the immediate post opulate you are looking for hematoma axis or ..om a like-listн .. ...on that situation the postков toda the fax at T1 ..with the symmetric nis of three or four E- awaitsउ Necessity You must also remember the related and new concept of whattu is called as Fridge 했습니다 Where you require fax suppressed MR imaging techniques 3 or post-contrast if it is pre-contrastthen you required to do fax at T2 if it is post-contrastthen you require to fax at T1 यद्रीमा से आस्तेर बहाँ से भी वो वो ई़मी रहाँखात. तरह से भी वेर्णाँ चलिकान कहागाखा वो उन्लोग कहाखाखाखाखाखाखाखाखाया. आपकर किर्तिप स्थाएखाशका क्या ऍखाशके तेहने आपकरिष्यात्ति, स्वाविए अप्साकगे है, ता के पवाशा कोछोगाता। और मखर्सिए आपकी लिए व्रद ख्याशक के लिए विए, लम्द स्द्रगम क्लगाज क्यजब लम्द स्वोगत् खाछाडिवाद मुक्झ़ीमा लम्द स्वोगत् हूँ लाटीख प्रटाउग़। तो द्राना चिए सदोंगेदा लिएबगाट मुझादीवाद मुच्छाआ. अगे बातकोंगी लुप्टीएक जो वर्दीगे की हो ख़ार क्रतीगे की के ही नहींगेगेगेगेगेगेग्ेक लेंने एक बोल हो, आप ख़टीगोग मेंपुर्दीगेगेगेगेगेगेगेगेगेगेगेगेगेगेगेगेगेगेगेगेचि after the mind, we look at x-ray and a bone as to how vertebra looks. गिल, शवा जाद, विर आप, टर ध सापॉ end pages of again of unforgettableIDE comprised of ne comes lost क्त विर książ, द्रिए गें, विर주द, ढ्स की फरी जे कचा solution. new कि मी क्त विर ơi में ह refer to stock बूस के मेर्तिप्च्योबूद under impatu braha bohamar. बने atu bhквo me em विरक्ल शilipp सुल्दे शाद़ से तप्लिगार मून्ना कब ब vocabulary क्यों तब इसका मुस कलेस जबे कूए ची तब Lind of inference which merges with annulus fibrosis of adjutinus, this is nucleus bulk process which contains about 85 % water so, it is dark on T1 and bright on T2. annulus fibrosis contains complete furious tissue so, it is dark on T1 and T2 both. In專 meal children andley younger adults, you see a cleft which is monocular Dig task थी term of only bright nucleus pulps roseswhich is a best light material what we see here these center brains in the body which drain the blood from the marrow of the vertebrae because of slow flow, they appear bright on T2 again this is what we body the cortex of the वोच्टे कोछटे की मार्जिन अदबाती भी बोडिए, मेंकेट पार्डलर तो दी औरींटेशन अदबाती भी बोडिए, आंप रोएट तिल आंप ती देर मोच्ट मार्जिन भी सपार्च्ट पोच्ट. नमें दामेंछिन भी सवावच्ट मार्च्ट, 2-3-4- 5-10-12, is BordlAn Khenel Stenosis, 10-10 is DEFINITE Spam Khenel Stenosis. ूझ के सी स्टिर की सेन्टात की宜्घता मेर् Fellows interesting ूप कर्स्दम के मेर्रे टीकर परजगद आथ के बओ्जician के सी इस कि सेस्टय के आप परचले आथ न्� lion जीन्यान्याा उस्बुत्रिज़। पतिकिल। शुध्रिदाबषुउपौःचुस फिन्रधिक। उस्बुत्रिज़्। तभी शुक्दाबषुउपृउबुचुस उस्बुत्रिज़। फोई बचाई। वोगी भी आपन वोई लिएक। गठ्टेच्बौद्ड़। नहींस कि मेंगच्टी धोग। ज़ो आप नीय हो ती गड़़े पीदे बीषाई तोग। वे जिसाँ कि दहाँ वाशनी होगी गच्टीचे। लिस्तेशाराँ ।ं जब श्वाख हो जो में घीना जब्वःगं आप वाख हो जामूनcipe अंग्वऊड़ा से या दीश भीभे अग्वऊड़ वो मी वीअ धेखश़ कहाए मैंंथुट Frank తోలిని యరగి Going meant.. లోఋవాయాద్సిис టిలువ్ళి కథరి исп అితిమామందారీలి. ఎరె ! बसब जोद्च्ना करन गलगट्चन क्छलिए कहना बयूँ ख़ाचा खमन श्र거든요 विए नहीं कवन टीच बागाचा गी वो और आपा्त बबोगए था wspकस石ounding फक्हिककिक विए घ़ुक्टिकुर खंतोकर, अभी डlying in लीग अय्ट लेक Children Up च्रद खर आय्ट खर आय्ट गरAdd �frage थोम आगट उस añ दii washing the फनوں ढविल द़भिल of Haseq प्र第二 उस शब पतिद् जआन च्रद उस atm च्रतद घ़ लेकon आन च्कर उस आझकselling ने सेँम ऎप of स्दिल् savez पीलilians । । । । । । ू। । आत्र कोच्या, रप� Continuous number of Muscles आत्र कोच्या, बवर सुँ� రంమర్టి కరా్రి, bleibenికిమర్యచి. పనింప్ మాడ్ ఎవ్చి నిక్కాకి. రిందాడంరి ఆర్టిన్ ఔత్మ్ధి. మాత్ మాడ్టి మాడికి ఆల్ప్లో క్ప్టి. � Security firm will develop Civil Code for all these ataque ༼  faj QuinWS ༽ ༽ ༽ ༽ ༽ The ༽ ༽ !!! ༽ ༽ Tommy ༽ DoЕН ༽ call should loverieben , y y y y y y y y ज़ावार का लिए बश्पत्ये ती काईचः, उगईईईई. अगईईईईईईई, उगईईईईईईई. भीईईईईईईईईई. उगईईईईई, शादे, ये जो रड़ुष, दीजा, विक्चा, टीइह,跟गेखेच, थीण, नुश, ये लाकद कदिब. , रब आद्लिएँ। और आत्वाप्सतिद. आध्वुज़ोड़ में आप आप आप सफ्वत्रुछ़। आप ओर आप याप वोगे। आत्वाप यौख़े। ओर आम्यों क्सिज़या निज्णादी। आर्ब और आत्ष्टा आधुग़। आप वोगे। तुछ थी वुत्टा බमतोत दरताNON ँढ़िर�kat  तुव फींज thansch में ब लैस видим तु�コ 今 itu माह की काए च्क怎么 तुछ爷 में एक शॉक्छा तुछ fault में स बी धाँच वovers मैं, योग यही दूँ उस, औली अद outcome के बी आपकाग प्सरग, के बी वो तूछ उन्के। of l5 inferior article of asset of l4 as a joint becoming the flavor this is the traversing model where l45 level l5 is the traversing mode this is the exiting mode so it's l4 at l45 disc level importance of this is described very later when we talk about permeations of discs at different locations let me put about dorsal root ganglion as we now exit at the foreman level you can slight the struggle appearance of those exiting the roots so these are not a struggle the roots but these are dorsal root ganglia they can be as small as this they can be as big as this and this should not be mistaken for sequester disc fragment a little bit about anterior and posterior ligaments typically they get merged with the cortex of the lateral body and annulus of the discs so here this yellow arrow shows you anterior ligament extending across entire number vertebral colony the amber colored arrow shows posterior ligament going across the entire number vertebral colony so they start from c1 and c2 level respectively and go up to sacrum when we have osteophytes anterior or posterior anal or PLL get lifted they get ossified or catcified when you're dealing with dish or hemorrhaging spondylitis again a little bit about ligament and phlegm it kind of holds the facetion together it goes across the superior and inferior article of facets it consists of yellow elastic tissue and it preserves a bright posture of human being so when you are getting up from bent position and trying to become erect the ligament of phlegm comes into picture it starts degenerating with facet joints as early as in second decade of life and at the age of 60 plus virtually everybody will have facetal neuropathy and ligament of phlegm hypertrophy sugar hypertrophy we will review the sagittal tibial images again to understand the anatomy so we obtain four millimeters thickness cuts from left to right you can see pedicals of l4 and l5 being neural foramina and exiting nerves this is l4 this is l5 pedicle particular facet of l4 inferior article of asset of l4 and this is the facet joint coming further immediately you can see the parts very well the neural foramina and the keyhole like appearance again inferior article of asset of l3 superior article of asset of l4 coming further immediately at the level of lateral lysis we see fat in the lateral lysis because this patient's canal is nice and wide you can see fat in the lateral lysis very well coming in the paramedial section you can start seeing the spinal cord and chorus middle laris little bit of cordycone and neural ropes and previous epithelial fat dps pulposis and l5 process this is bang midline but with bodies dps pulposis and l5 process conus middle laris cordycone and neural ropes also epithelial fat and tether margin of spinal processes you measure your canal over here going to right paramedial side similar deformation more to t2 at the mesis again pedicle of l4 superior article of asset of l4 inferior article of asset of l3 l4 facet joint which is nice and bright because it is not here degenerated neural foramina exiting our root l5 this is batons previous plexus these are left in the artery and pain coming immediately at the level of conus middle laris midline cordycone and neural ropes these are coming out from cordycone and trying to exit through respective neural foramina to conclude knowledge of anatomy is the key to precise understanding and hence accurate diagnosis