 Welcome back to our meds smarter lecture series where we're taking a smarter approach to preparing future physician Before we get started if you'll take just a quick minute and click that like button and also Subscribe and turn the bell on so that you'll be notified when we post new videos Let's continue on With assinata Bacter Bumani. This is a gram negative aerobic Oxidase negative coxobacillus So there's quite a bit here. This is a gram negative aerobic and a strictly aerobic Oxidase negative coxobacillus as you see here on this image. This is a skinning electron microscope image of that bacteria so a Unique feature to this bacteria is that it's a commensal opportunist But it is associated more often now with resistant hospital acquired infections, especially in the ICU So what does a commensal bacteria mean? This is an organism that is going to use food that comes from an internal or external environment of the actual host But it doesn't Establish a close association with that host. So for example This bacteria could feed on tissues of the host whereas it doesn't actually invade it So the most common time we see this particular bacteria is going to be in ventilator associated pneumonia as well as septicemia And it's and it's important to note that this is often in immunocompromised patients Let's continue on with bordotella pertussis bordotella pertussis is a gram negative bacteria It is aerobic and it is a coxobacillus. So as you see here in this picture, it is a coxobacillus many many of these are all Present and found there and you can see that in that picture bordotella does have a virulence factor, which is the pertussis toxin the adenylate cyclase toxin And a tracheal cytotoxin It has three separate clinical stages that include the first stage is the Catarol or where we see a low-grade fever and cariza And if you remember cariza is inflammation of the mucus membranes, particularly in the nose So a lot of times you see cariza and people that have colds or hay fever The second clinical stage is the paroxysmal stage or paroxysms of intense cough followed by an inspiratory whoop So here the whoop and whooping cough the P is a paroxysmal And then the third stage is convalescent where it's a gradual recovery of that chronic cough Now in just a second we're going to talk about that cough and i'm going to show you a video to Exactly how this cough looks in patients. So when you do see them on the wards you can notice it very easily furthermore with bordotella pertussis We can prevent this by using the t-dap or the d-tap vaccines So the order that we get these vaccines in is you get your d-tap vaccine as a younger child And then your t-dap vaccine Is the booster that we get around 11 years of age and then every 10 years beyond that To help with diphtheria tetanus and whooping cough Oftentimes a pertussis infection can be mistaken as a viral infection Because of our lymphocytic infiltrate that we get from our immune response And we treat this with macrolides If their patient is allergic to a macrolide then we can use Bactrum or TMP smx So take a look at this video This is going to show us exactly what the sound of the whooping cough is in a little child And help you to be able to distinguish it when you see it in the wards If you found this material helpful for your studying Please like and consider subscribing to the channel Also share this video so that more people can benefit from it like you have