 Alright, thanks a lot again for the invitation to be with you this afternoon and Karina is going to get my slides up here for me. What I'm going to cover with you in the next 25 minutes or so is a little bit mainly pictures on my experiences with storing some of these byproducts and so on. And so what I'm going to do is just kind of step you through some of the things that I've seen working with various producers over the years in terms of getting some of these products stored and how to handle them. So you've all heard of Murphy's Law, right? Keith, what's Murphy's Law? Yeah, whatever can go wrong will go wrong. You know what a tool's law is, don't you? You heard of a tool's law? A tool's law was that Murphy was an optimist. So there's days when a lot of things are going to go wrong and this is actually Miles City, Montana. I don't know if any of you are familiar with downtown Miles City but there's a fairly low bridge. It's pretty well marked but this guy didn't read the sign. So I think sometimes in life we've got to read the road signs a little bit better than we do and pay attention a little bit more. So in terms of wheat midlings, this is a byproduct again that is going to come out of the plant about 85% dry matter so about 15% moisture. They do add just a little bit of water to the wheat when they mill it typically and so generally when you get this product in, if you just try to store it in a conventional bin without any aeration, you're going to end up with some bridging and some mold issues. So the best way to store this product is to really try to get it into some kind of flat storage typically, commodity shed or into a bin where you've got some aeration where you can get a little bit of air flow onto that and draw that moisture down just a little bit. But these commodity sheds don't have to be anything real elaborate. This is just a picture of one from South Central Minnesota. This would be an open front shed where they've got a metal roof on top and concrete dividers. They've seen these done with simply using the barriers that they use and highway construction that sort of thing. So it doesn't have to be anything real fancy but with the wheat mids, that's one where flat storage really does work pretty good. Potato waste, this is a byproduct again that's going to be very high in moisture and this is a picture of a feedlot up in the Jamestown area and again this product out of Jamestown out of Cavendish is going to be about 25% dry matter or so. So in terms of potato waste that's a little drier product than what would come out of Grand Forge. But this particular operation is simply using a concrete bunker actually a silage pit to store this stuff in and you can see it does have, it's wet enough where it's going to have a tendency to run so it's running to the low end of that particular bunker. The other thing to remember about this product is it does get a little bit acidic in terms of what it does to concrete so it will peel or finish off a concrete eventually when you store this product in concrete. But you can see that when it goes in and gets a scoop out of it, the bucket full, it does, you can kind of scoop it up, it's not that runny. The product out of Grand Forge, this is a picture of a storage facility near Northwood, North Dakota, just an earthen dam basically to store this product in, back in and dump it out of tanker trucks in there and then pump it out of the other end. So the potato waste product you know depending on the consistency and the moisture content it's going to vary a little bit in terms of what approach you might want to take to store it. In terms of feeding it, there's a number of different ways you can approach with feeding that particular byproduct. In this case, this operation is simply taking it and putting it in the turn tires and letting the cattle drink it. You can also put it in, obviously mix it in the ration and feed it as a component of the ration. I think I've got one other picture here. This is just feeding it in a little larger tank system and again letting the cattle drink it but there's a number of different ways you can approach the potato waste product but they will, with the liquid nature of the product out of Grand Forge, obviously drink quite a bit of that product as a component of their diet. So the sugar beets and the sugar beet byproducts, I want to spend a little bit of time talking about those from the sampling of the tailings. This is simply a picture of tailings that I think this particular picture came out of the Galesburg area if I remember right. Simply bring them in, piling them in the area where you've got an existing silage pile. This particular pile was not packed or anything. They're kind of feeding these on the go and so they're not really a long term storage with this particular pile of tailings. They were keeping these fed up within a week or so after they got them. And you know with the cooler temperatures or colder temperatures that we typically have during the sugar beet processing campaign you can do that and keep tailings around in a fairly good condition probably for a week to 10 days without having to do any kind of long term storage with them. If you get into later in the season, this is a picture I think it was taken mid-summer probably late June timeframe down in the Lisbon area. You can see this particular product, you're starting to get some discoloration to it that's been stored a little bit longer term. The campaign probably ended early May and these tailings have been piled in there since then and not packed or tried to put into any kind of packed storage kind of operation. But you can see how that's kind of discolored and starting to turn a little bit. And like Gail mentioned, I'd encourage you when you think about working with these products and doing any kind of storage with them that taking that shrink and storage into account as you work with this is important because you know when you start talking about 10 to 15, 20% shrink on some of these products as you get them into storage that represents a significant cost to your operation and it's something that should be accounted for when you start looking at whether or not these products are a good buy for your cattle operation. Okay, in terms of sugar beet pulp, this is a picture of pulp simply that comes off the truck out of the plant and our experience here at NDSU and we've done work with sugar beet pulp in the past, we've brought it in and used it as we needed it, typically trying to get it fed up within a week to 10 days of when we get it delivered. But we've also put the sugar beet pulp into ag bags for a little bit longer term storage and we've had pretty good luck bagging this product, it is fairly bulky, but it will go into ag bags or the silage bags fairly well. Like I said, it's probably going to cost you somewhere around five to six bucks a ton for that ag bag type storage and so the question you get into on your own operations I think is whether or not that cost and additional investment in the storage is worth it. One of the things that we've noticed when we've stored it either in the bags or in piles like this is when it's exposed to air, it will develop a little bit of an orangeish, almost a fluorescent orange colored mold on it. We've tested a number of those samples over the years for the mycotoxins and other molds and really not come up with anything that you'd say is really setting off alarm bells in terms of feeding it to cattle. But I would caution you that some of this stuff, even if you don't see visible mold, you can have some mycotoxins present and the major concern is not necessarily with growing finishing cattle but really with your bred cows and whether or not you're getting some mycotoxin ingestion in there with the gestating cows. This is a picture from the Miller North Dakota area, a little bit longer term storage of quite a bit of pulp. These guys were pushing it up and in the background you can kind of see the silage pile or pushing it up against the silage pile and trying to pack it but most cases my experience has been you're not going to get really on top of a sugar beet pulp pile much more than maybe eight feet high or so with a tractor and trying to get it packed. It's just kind of got that consistency where it's not going to let you get it piled much higher than that before it starts to kind of slump off or cave off of one side or the other. I have worked with a few producers who've tried to do a little bit longer term storage of a bunch of different types of sugar beet byproducts and this is a picture from up by the Arthur North Dakota area of a gentleman that was getting in quite a bit of in the in the upper left hand side of the screen quite a bit of sugar beet pulp. He was actually mixing this with some grain screenings and you can see he basically just kind of piled it in there with a front end loader and then packed it and he got enough of the screenings and stuff into that pile that he could actually make a drive-over pile with it. On the lower right hand corner that's actually a picture of similar type of storage operation but using tailings and it's a little difficult to see but you can see that there's a darker color to the tailings you get quite a bit more soil obviously with the tailings. On the tailings side it actually kind of had the consistency of looking like mud when you got it packed in there. It fed okay but again I wouldn't get real excited about doing this with a lot of tailings. Typically I think you're probably a little bit better off on the tailings side trying to just keep it fed up as you go along. With the sugar beet pulp maybe you can make a little bit more investment in some longer term storage with mixing it with some other ingredients. I'll show you a few pictures of a gentleman over in the Gary, Minnesota area that I worked with a couple of years ago. This would have been a year I believe it was 2008 when we had quite a bit of excess acreage in American crystal system when it came to harvest in October. They were talking about falling down I think about eight or nine percent of the crop. This guy made a deal with with the gentleman just a couple miles down the road that didn't want to disc under a bunch of sugar beet so what they did is they actually harvested these beets and brought them into his yard. These pictures would have been from mid to late October of that year and so what he did was he set up a little apparatus here. He had an old fertilizer wagon that he had purchased and what he's doing here is actually dumping these whole sugar beets into this fertilizer spreader and that was kind of his metering box and it actually metered those beets into this old New Holland porridge harvester and so what he's doing here is those beets are coming out of the back end of that fertilizer box. I don't know what rate per hour you know probably several hundred pounds a minute but this porridge chopper is simply chopping those sugar beets whole sugar beets into a pile there and what he would do with them then is he'd haul them out to his cows and calves that were on pasture and just dump them out there with the skid steer loader and feed those chopped beets into those cows and they literally you can see the picture in the foreground right here. This is where one of those skid steer bucket loaders was and both cows would come in there and lick those beets right up to the ground. I mean they kind of make mud with their saliva trying to pick up the rest of those chopped beets. I don't know if you had a big herd whether that's going to work very well for you or not but certainly worked pretty well for him. He had about 50 cows and was a great way for him to get rid of I don't know how many tons of beets he took in off of those acres that his neighbor had but it did work well. No choke problems because the beets came out of their nice little sections out of that forage harvester. This way I should mention one other thing if you if you do this or I've worked with feedlots in Alberta that have ground, tugged ground, whole sugar beets and put them into piles for silaging as well and the key to making a silage with these whole sugar beets is to get them chopped to the point where you can get them packed and then mix in some kind of dry product either grain screenings or chopped forage or something else that's going to get your moisture consistency to somewhere around 35% dry matter 65% moisture. The beets themselves are going to be in the 75 to 80% moisture range. If you chop them up and try to pack them they're too wet to make a good silage and they will ferment because of the sugar content so if you can get the moisture level right and get oxygen exclusion you get a pretty nice looking silage with with putting these beets into a pile and packing them but it's a matter of making sure you get the moisture and the oxygen exclusion there be the right consistency. The other thing you know when you're dealing with any of these wet byproducts I think we've emphasized that earlier this morning but the transportation cost here is something that you do need to consider with with the increased freight that we're dealing with moving a lot especially the wetter byproducts gets to be a little bit more of a cost problem to deal with and so when you start looking at things like sugar beet tailings or they might be up to 85% water, potato waste those sort of things you know understanding the cost of that freight and then calculating in the shrink factor that you get will help you better understand whether or not those wet byproducts are a cost effective arrangement or not. Like Gail and Manchin if you're trying to do long-term storage with especially the wet the silage grain with some of these denser wet byproducts one of the things that you'll experience when you get into trying to do this an ag bag is that because of the density of the product what happens if you try to put much pressure on those bags as you bag it those bags have a tendency to want to settle once those baggers move away and what happens typically when they settle is you end up with a rip and it gets to be a pretty big rip in those bags and so when you end up with a situation like this you're either going to have an awful lot of spoilage or you're going to have a higher cost storage system because you just ruined the bag with with putting a little too much pressure on it. You can get some of these products to store in covered piles like Gail and Manchin. You can see in the in the up the left hand corner of that picture even with a covered pile you're going to have somewhere four to six maybe eight inches of spoilage that's going to happen underneath there with with air penetration. In most cases what you're dealing with there is not necessarily molds that are going to produce a lot of mycotoxins like Gail and Manchin but it's a shrink factor and you know whether or not that's impacting cattle performance look like it was probably questionable in some of Gail and's work but it certainly does impact the amount of dry matter that you're going to ultimately deliver to the bunk because there are chemical changes that are going on underneath that pile. With the liquid byproducts with any of your molasses type products your condensed distiller soluble so sort of things you're going to have to have some kind of tank and pump system in order to effectively store and utilize those some of those products are going to freeze because of their consistency and moisture content so your options really come down to you know can you get them into get the tanks into a shed where you can keep enough heat in the building to keep them above freezing can you get them underneath ground where you can store them underground and keep them from freezing. Some of those products become pretty difficult to pump when they get cold they get a little bit stiff. The other thing I'd mentioned here is what the term that I call Pete security but I worked with a case in Western North Dakota about seven years ago working with a gentleman out there who is purchasing condensed distiller solubles out of a plant in central Minnesota and at the time you know diesel fuel was about a buck 75 or so so hauling all the way out in the Western part of North Dakota with those wet byproducts made economic sense but what was happening is he ended up with a bunch of abortions once the cattle had died and as they conducted the investigation the trucking company was working with was back hauling diesel fuel byproducts out of the oil refinery in Mandan down to St. Paul and picking up these loads of condensed distiller solubles on the way back and the driver in this particular case did not take the time to clean out the tank like the protocol called for and the hydrocarbon spikes you could see on the lab work from the samples that came from the tanks of the distiller solubles you could see the diesel fuel spike right where it was supposed to be with was straight diesel fuel when the veterinarian would come out to do C sections on these cows the cows would kind of quit trying to calf in the middle of parturition they would just give up he'd come out to do C sections and he could he said he'd sell diesel fuel fumes and some of the cows when they opened them up to do C sections and so speed security issue is an issue you need to pay attention to you need to work with a reputable trucking company when you're moving these byproducts and they need to understand that what what you're buying there is a feed product that's going to ultimately end up in cattle that are going to be used for food purposes but this is simply a picture this thing came from southeast North Dakota the tank set up there were there they're actually putting condensed distiller solubles into their ration so that's a simple plastic tank relatively simple pump set up simple transfer pump simply pumped it out and over right into the feed mixer that he had you know set up like that you get done for a few thousand dollars probably just to set that up when you're dealing with these kind of byproducts you probably want to set your system up enough where you can take a tank or load at a time which would be roughly about six thousand gallons or so it's harder to get you know if you can find a neighbor to split a load with where you can do with one tank that's great but typically you're going to end up needing that to be able to take delivery of an entire tank to load when you do get it so in summary just in terms of the storage factor here what I would say you need to be aware of is these wet byproducts to present some storage challenges they're not without their their issues that you have to deal with need to take into account the shrink in the spoilage as Galen mentioned in his presentation and it's that's kind of the hidden cost that you don't see in terms of what you pay for the byproduct which actually end up putting into the bunk is there are some costs that go with that you know having some methods to deal with the large volumes the products that you're going to be encountering is good but as Galen pointed out and I think some of the things I showed you there are ways for people with with moderate-sized hurts to take advantage of some of these byproducts and get them in the storage and have them be cost-effective but you have to be a little bit creative with it and you know with any of these byproducts you know looking at the transportation cost and making sure you've got that in the equation is important as well and I think with that I'm happy to take your questions have you seen any difference in spoilage on pulp versus sailing the question is have we seen any difference in spoilage with pulp versus tailings and we haven't measured that directly you know anecdotally what what I would say is you probably have with the pulp probably more air and trained into that product you know oxygen chance for penetration in there just because of the consistency of it compared to the tailings and you're exposing quite a bit because of the shredding process when those beats are shredded compared to what the tailings are you probably have a lot more surface area within that pile that's that's got some oxygen in it for oxygen to penetrate and for supposed to occur but we haven't measured any of that directly in any of our research but we would you know like I said you know when you get in looking at some of those piles the tailings piles actually look uglier than the it just in terms of visual looking at them in my experience than the pulp does but because of the way that the pulp is cut and and as it comes off the truck I think you're going to have more oxygen penetration into those pulp piles and you would with the tailings I don't think so but you know again we don't have any data that's really looked at that other questions right I'm going to turn it back to Brian at this time we're going to change over a little bit and we're going to get our panel discussion up and talk about some