 connect and who are you? So my name is Christophe Arvisé from the European Space Agency. And who are you? I'm Regis Duchenne, I work on arm research at VMware. And so you were talking about potentially finding planets that have life, right? Maybe not, but huge data and stuff, and what kind of questions might you have about that? Well one question I have for Christophe is how do you how do you guarantee that future generations say 200 years from now people will be able to access your data. Do you store the the rules, the protocols, you know the recipe? I mean today our life is more and more digital, right? So it's not about finding a stone and deciphering what's written on it, right? But you need a way to, you know, how do you make sure that a thousand years from now people will be able to watch MPEG 2 videos, right? Same problem for you, how do you do that? So that's a very tricky question. I think somebody said even if we are all in the IT world, so somebody said that the best preservation mechanism is still the book. So if you look at things one thousand years ago, you can still read the book. Now IT is only like maybe 50 years old, so it's very difficult to forecast further than 50 years I would say. In our context, we are quite lucky because both astronomy and the planetary scientific community have agreed on a common standard. So I mean for the astronomers, they are using FITs and they've been using FITs for the last 30 years, which means that even data taken 20 years ago can still be read today with FITs tool. So that's a great thing. On the same, on the planetary side, so they've used the PDS, which is a format which has been devised by NASA, but we are using it worldwide, so it's called Planetary Data System. And again, now we are going through a migration from PDS 3 to PDS 4, but most of the tools will be able to read both cases. So to answer your question, I think we are reasonably safe for the coming 20, 20 years maybe, 30 years. Now to forecast the future beyond that time is too difficult for me to answer. I would need a crystal ball. Well, maybe 200 years from now, you know, they won't care because they can go to space and you know, get their own data, but they'll still be interested historians in particular to look at what you knew at the time, right? So I think the trick here, and this is what we are doing also with all archives over the last 20 years, is to do regular technology migration. So it's going to be difficult to maintain a technology which is 30 years old, but then if we consider that every five, seven years we'll have to do a technology survey and do a technology migration of our systems to the new technology update. So what kind of other topics do you think was really interesting? To me what was fascinating in this talk was the ease of use. You can go online and you can actually, you know, as a consumer, right? I know nothing about astronomy. I could go and zoom in on the space and explore space from my armchair, right? That was fantastic. Studying planets. Studying planets, looking at galaxies, stars, you know, exploring different wavelengths. This was new to me. It's like, you know, Google Earth, but for space, essentially. Is this going to be an arm servers? I wonder, what do you think? That was one of my questions and I'll let him answer. Because we had the Linux on arm conference. Do you think it would be useful to use potentially, because it's huge data, right? I mean, it's growing very fast with new spaceships you're setting up, right? Yeah. So it's true that most of the application that we are developing are probably more at a higher level. So we are using Linux for all our servers. Now, I think it doesn't, I mean, for us, it really doesn't really matter which kind of low-level architecture. So as long as we are using a Linux-based server, then we are just good. And so, recently, the NASA had a live show. They said they found some planets. Is this related to the data and the kind of things that ESA is doing? Yes, indeed, in fact. Yeah. So, I think they discovered this set of planets next to Trappist 1. And these are the type of things that we can also see from our archive. So if you would go to the sky and type the name of the planet, you will be able to see the region of the sky. Not necessarily the same images that NASA made, but something similar. And you were talking about the ESA, the coloration of all the European countries working together, sending spacecrafts into space. And now there's one that's going to measure 1 to 2 billion stars. Indeed, yeah. And that's pretty big, right? Is it the biggest collection of stars ever? That's going to be the biggest collection of stars ever by a factor 10 on the thing. So the spacecraft is called Gaia. It was launched in November 2013. And it's doing a survey of the sky. So it's scanning the sky and then it's measuring with unprecedented accuracy the exact positions on velocity of one point between 1 and 2 billion stars. So it's going to make this massive catalog, which is going to be the biggest catalog ever with unprecedented accuracy. So every star and where they are. Exactly. Where they are on their motion as well. Their velocity, their speed on their motion. Not their age. That's a different scanner. That's different, yes. Yeah. So there's going to be so many stars and potentially people at home can put a software code on there on your service to run some algorithms to find life maybe or to find anything they want. Yeah. So that's the idea. So this is not yet in place. So this is the proof of concept. This is the past where we are going to. So the idea is that you will not be able to download this 1 billion stars on your database on your laptop because it's going to be too big on two complex to handle. But we want to provide where the archive is located. We want to provide services where people can interact with this data, provide them with some computing infrastructure, some disk infrastructure, so they can run their software and do data mining into that treasure of science. So potentially you need lots of cloud servers to do all this processing. Yeah. So this we don't know yet how much it's going to be bought in by the community because it's a different way of working. People today are used to download the data at their place and work at their place. Now, this is a paradigm shift. So we'll see if we become victim of our success and if we have too many users, then we have to put too many, I mean, a lot of computing infrastructure next to the data. And then there's Euclid. What is that going to do? That's even more petabytes of data? Indeed, yes. What is it about? Stars also? So Euclid will measure the dark matters in the universe. That will be launched in 2020, so we still have a few years before that happens. And we consider that the dark matters is a very unknown type of data. And this is what Euclid is going to look at more in details. So that's going to be lots of petabytes and then you need the arm servers, right? Yeah, maybe. Yes, yes, yes. All right. Cool. Okay. Thanks a lot. Thanks. Sorry.