 Hi, I'm Dr. Sushal Shantakumar. I'm a consultant shoulder surgeon practicing in Manipal Hospital's Bangalore. Throwing is a complex motion which involves, which puts a lot of stress to the muscles around the shoulder and the ligaments around the shoulder, which is why the athletes who are involved in throwing like baseball pitchers, batminton players, basketball players, volleyball players, cricket bowlers, they're prone to this shoulder injuries. Slap tears, we call it superior labral anterior posterior tears. The top portion of your ligament or what we call labrum in the shoulder will be torn, especially common in cricket bowlers and tennis players. You can have biceps pathology. You can be biceps tendonitis to biceps tears. What happens is due to repetitive throwing can put strain on the biceps tendon, which can lead to inflammation and further partial tear to full tears. You can have rotator cuff tendonitis. You can have rotator cuff tears. Then you can have, there is a condition known as glenohumeral internal rotation defect. So what happens in this? We commonly abbreviate it as GERD, G-I-R-D. Repetitive throwing can loosen the tissues in front. We call it the anterior capsule. On the contrary and tighten the posterior capsule. Loosen the tissues in front and tighten the capsules at the back. So this can cause uneven movement of the shoulder joint leading to pain and restriction of internal rotation. Patient will have typically problems in reaching behind his back. Then we can have instability or you can even have recurrent subluxations and dislocations. Repetitive throwing like I mentioned can cause stretching or even laxity of the tissues. Finally leading to frank tears which can cause dislocations and subluxations in the shoulder joint.