 Please give a warm welcome to Isaac chute and he's gonna speak about risk it for a biscuit linux on the risk 5. Oh I don't need a second microphone There's one there I'll be for question time So I got a few questions. I'm gonna ask first And you can hear I've got a fellow very Singing voice that's because I'm from the city and we're noted for we sing we don't talk And when we get excited we jump up to octaves All right, so Shower hands Where's everyone from we from all right, so how many Americans have we here? Okay All right, how many Europeans? Rest of European so we got a Czech Republic anybody else Poland India all right Czech Republic Who's Ireland? Ireland mother Ireland Hey Up the rebels. Oh my god. We got a car corny a fellow car corny in here I have to be very careful now because everything I say will be fact-checked in the room and Over in the car or ten miles away Panama ooh Bono's got some money in the Panama accounts. I'm sure we'll all be interested to hear about that over a few points anywhere else South Africa via Dublin all right I'm just testing it just see what my audience is here. Anybody here has done assembly programming It's not mandatory Actually, this is I'm actually pleasantly surprised. That's kind of cool um Let's see So if you turn assembly then you know what an x86 and Arm processor all right All right, okay good and Let's see I'm assuming I know there's a few hardware enablement people here hardware enablement Linux hardware enablement All right Does anyone know what sysc a sysc architecture is? Okay, we got a nod we got a hands. I think it'll become explanatory when we go in and Here's a nice one. Here's an Irish one and The Irish beat the dob the dobs need to tell me the answer to this one Indianism Anybody here know what Indianism is? Okay There's any so Not as many as they expected Do so Indianism is about if you take the 64 bit or 32 bit register our address space and The CPU starts on the least significant bit to do its calculations with little Indian and on the Greatest bit the highest bit out for a big Indian power PC traditional used to be big Indian until they changed about four or five years ago and x86 for quite some time has been lindian and I don't know how far back that went But does anyone know where the word Indian? That the term comes from from Hey, we got a winner winner chicken dinner. All right, you're gonna get this This is my only price. It's a pair of risk socks. I'm fashioning them today. I'm you know, you can see I mean I'm on the catwalk Right, here's your here's your risk five socks Indeed the answer is the term Indianism came from Gulliver's travels and there's an Irish connection Jonathan Swift was the Dean of St. Patrick's in Dublin and He wrote Gulliver's travels right, okay and Amazing that the term turns up to another one. I should say is Does anybody know who George Boole is? All right We'll teach you about George Boole in a second All right. We're here. We're in Cork. So it would be Neglectful of me and my fellow Cork warning much of them in All of our father boogal That was a few Gaelic words. I mean we're here. We might as well use it, right? so Forgive me the people that are 10 miles that way, but it seems the majority of people are here These are Cork Local places that you should try and visit while you're here the English market is a wonderful covered vegetables meat market fish, etc Shandong is if you look up the hill when you're downtown you'll hear bells and you'll see it It's worth the visit You can go up to the top of it and you can actually ring the bells They have the tunes written out in numbers so you can ring ring tunes on the bells The cold K is a very famous outdoor trading spot like a flea market And has been there since before my dad was born and my dad was born on 1930 And and you'll notice that it's cold K not cold quay and When you go down to the water here, we don't call those quays. We call them keys so When Paul Cormier and company call Quay quay, they're mispronouncing the term and that includes the guided invented quay It actually is key and it fits in right with The whole docker idea because the key is where you dock a boat docker Or should I say docker like? Right a lot of history there Murphy stout We got up we got a bit of time Murphy stout is our equivalent here in Cork It's as good as Guinness if not better Right, so have a pint of Murphy stout Our favorite drink is Tanura. Isn't that right Aiden? He's doing time. You're a beamish man He oh Jesus. He drinks beamish beamish is very very a better better better It kind of is buffies is just as good if not better Right, we'll have a revolution here in the minute. No the Dublin people against the Cork people So Tanura is a tangerine drink. You can only get here in the we call Cork the real capital of Ireland it's a an ongoing joke, but it is really the real capital and This is our coat of arms over here all the best whiskeys in Ireland are made in Cork in Middleton Irish distilleries that bottle there will set you back probably about 200 euros and Crunchy bars are my favorite crunchies are my favorite chocolates. They're not exactly Cork, but it's rock toffee In actual fact a crunchy bar is rock toffee. You could actually get rock toffee here years ago and Here is George Boole. I'm bringing it back. You see he was met it in the madness to quote the the immortal bar George Boole invented what? Bingo Boolean algebra and as we know all those ones and zeros are the reason why we're sitting here Right, which feeds back into the other thing called Indianism, etc right George Boole was English But he was the professor of mathematics in my local university here University College Cork my alma mater and He had a townhouse in the city Which a friend of mine used to live in so I've been in and out of that house and it's been renovated It's beautiful house and he had another house down on Black Rock and what killed him Literally the Irish weather kills George Boole. I don't even think he was 50 He walked from the college one day to his house in Black Rock, which is probably about two and a half three miles Maybe more it rained and it rained so that he got so wet he caught a really bad cold and it killed him So the founder of our Boolean algebra Kicked the bucket because of the Irish weather and the Irish weather is one of the reasons why you don't live here Because I can't stand the rain just like Tina Turner and a few other pop singers. I can't stand the rain in the middle is the bottom is the Cork coat of arms and There are two castles one at either side of the Lee and and the boats coming up the middle So it's a nautical town and if you're not used to high tides our tides here are more like Canada They're very the low tide and the high tide. There's a huge difference any time of the year Unlike in Hawaii where it's like maybe three foot of a difference here. It's probably 25 30 feet maybe more depending on the time of the year and If anyone has problems understanding me just just kind of know the way you get someone to slow down Just go like this because when I'm home now that I'm home on my native surroundings. We talk really fast You know, it's the whole little Indian is I'm kicking in on steroids All right, risk it for a biscuit. So I'm the so let me let me Say who I am. My name is Isaac. Last name is shoot. It is a very uncommon name for anyone from the city that's been honest, so I was a sticking out like a sore tongue from an early age I actually went back to college at a late age I had gone to university with a seminary decided that I wasn't going to be a priest and Eventually went back to college and graduated here in Cork. I did computer science and Italian and Loved every bit of it got into computers and I remember there was one course in computer science that always resonated with me And actually in where did you go? Did you go to regional Tech or to UCC? UCC on the ball. I don't know if you remember Johnny Vaughan All right So there was a professor up there John Vaughan and used to do the 8086 architecture course and if I look back in it It was the only course that I still remember to this day where we went into And we did some assembly we went into the architecture itself ALU CPU registers pushing pulling blah blah blah and it gave me appreciation Translation buffers, etc gives a virtual page memories, etc. Paging out It gave me an appreciation for the complexity of the hardware and I felt like from a software engineering perspective It was it was like that Michelangelo moment where the two fingers meet in creation And it was the electricity between the two fingers that's the the hardware where the hardware and the software come together the rubber meets the road and a lot of people Have no appreciation for that space. It's not really taught very well and a Lot of people especially today all our software layers are so abstracted away upstairs very few people get to dabble deep down and Risky for a biscuit I have to explain the term for people that are not native English speakers because I want to be cognizant of that I'm not a native English speaker. I'm a carconian get it couldn't get a laugh out of eating now and Risking something for something better. So take a risk for a bigger reward and risk five truly is Risking putting a bet on the table on something that's worth putting a bet on because it's going to pay off and Let's see Okay, here's the complexity that we're faced with Probably not you not what you thought would be the first slide So for 11 years of my life, I managed the hardware enablement team We say a team of program managers that interfaced with all the silicon vendors IO adapter vendors graphics card vendors Nvidia etc. Intel AMD arm The server vendors so the HP's the dels etc and trying to figure out How do you enable rel Linux sitting on these multitude of adapters and hardware componentry and how do you light them up and bring them into the fold and So that was an interesting challenge because at the end of the day You know, it's great that we all have our favorite little part of the equation that we play in but without a healthy software ecosystem Our applications that do work that customers actually need to do the work then solve the problems that they have No matter what we architect or what solution we create. It's actually It's irrelevant. If it's the best solution on the planet and there's very few applications running on it so from the get go We're kind of looking at risk five and this is one of reasons I was hired to you know How do we have the most vibrant healthy and healthiest? Hardware ecosystem and software ecosystem enabled for our customers. So the customers have a choice and and it's a challenge and I have my own This has been recorded so I have my own thoughts on some of the past history of events So I'm not going to malign some of the guilty parties But we've all learned lessons through our former silicon enablement relationships that Will help us do things better this time around. I'm hoping and all right So this is just very quick recap for risk versus sysk So the risk and risk five really stands for reduced instruction set computing armchips or risk chips um Digital units used to run on alpha. That was a risk chip PA risk so this Then you've got sysk, which is complex instruction set computing Intel x86 and the primary difference really is that As you do a cycle in the cpu for a clock cycle A risk machine would execute one instruction per cycle whereas a sysk processor would actually take a few cycles to complete an operation um I'm sure we could get some zealots of mental that would probably disembowel me and say you're completely wrong for this reason this reason this reason but The fact is that as a result risk is a little bit from performance better performance perspective, right so risk five Yeah, there was a risk one just two three four and now we've risked five and one would say well So what? Well, it speaks a lot Risk five and for the non native english-speaking people so v is the roman numeral for five and we just say risk five as opposed to risk v um This is about as close as you can get to open source hardware from the perspective of open source cpus which is It can be misinterpreted So remember open source Is free free access the stuff that you can do something meaningful with but it It's not like free beer, right? You've heard like free speech versus free beer the fact is that we have an isa so it's um the specification itself for how A risk five chip should behave and operate Is available for free And you don't even need to be a member of the risk five international foundation in order to create A risk five chip that's risk five compliant as long as you adhere to the specification itself now if you want to Help evolve the technology and help evolve the specifications Then you become a member of the organization From a company perspective, you know red hats already a member all the big wigs are members You could You know and I cost a few bob But we leave that up to the cfo's and these companies and the cto's they can make that decision From a personal perspective, there's nothing stopping anyone being a member On a personal account basis. So it's it's an open source community and from that perspective And people can help correct people can have suggestions, etc and So unlike x86 and arm and all those many We said i'm once there fails, but historical sunset cpu chipsets and chipsets and They had closed source Isas so you would have to pay a license to get access to The design now Sun Solaris I will have to give an honor and we'll mention because our cf cto is used to be at sun They open source to all that jazz as well at one point so this is where risk fight off so if a member Can a member create something that's closed source for them to use So in theory you can have your own private extension that you would use But then that's the the onus is on you then to support that and You need to get an operating system vendor to support that extension as well, right? From an embedded perspective, of course, you could do whatever you want It's also support anyway great question all right so again If you were to go to arm tomorrow and say hey, I want to Change the design. I want you to change this and change that they'd say I don't know if they'll do a private contract with you and do that change Are but it's going to cost you a lot of money just for the privilege With risk vibe That whole specification is free and open so again Here's where the free and open versus Expense if you if you're going to try and create a chip based off the specification and adhere to specification Of course, you're going to have to have the infrastructure To do that and you're going to have to have a contract with a fab unless you've got a fab in your back pocket, which very few people have other than intel and you know TSM etc So the expense of making the chip is still there so as you know, there's no free lunch in some respects Yes, the the code is available that the descriptions available the specifications available just like open source code But when you start to create a product there are expenses associated with creating the product But still it's a lot cheaper to create with this new architecture than it is with historical architectures Because you've such an overhead with regard to how much the tech the ip is going to cost you upfront to begin with all right, so there's The concept of ratified specifications and then there's continuous evolution where we have the specification continues to evolve Right, so we've got two primary specifications One is think of it as the unprivileged specification is for You know user mode applications And then you've got the privilege specification which is for machine mode Supervisor mode such as operating systems need and hypervisor. I saw things like that And of course the privilege specification inherits a lot of the stuff that's already in the first spec to begin with And there is a link in there. I will make these slides available So you can see that there's actually another Deck available with regard to the unratified specifications and Will I say it as a camera? Maybe It's a very long Slow process to ratify specification But you know people collaborate create a specification around a specific thing Um, then there's a window where that's publicly reviewed Um, then it's frozen and then that makes its way into the Specification. Hey, this is the latest version of the spec Uh, and then of course there's another variant that's going to be hey, we're we're not working on these other things so I'm gonna Hit the hit the hit the dine harseer Open standards and collaboration. I mean open open open open just like open source software. This is open open and Last time I looked the Linux foundation was a pretty open organization in place to work Which is kind of cool. However, here's the kicker so For those of us here that are not american A lot of countries are kind of sick and tired of being beholding to America because it's got the crown juice of technology and ip for technology And countries like china countries like india, which is a pretty big country brazil the european community They want to have choice And technology choice and they don't want to be completely dependent on an american multinational for that choice Right, so as a result this geographical kind of diversity aspect bleeds into the risk-vive equation where all these entities are extremely interested in risk-vive enablement Which is really cool We're on a voyage that it's pretty unique And to prove our neutrality the risk-vive foundation is actually registered in switzerland these days I won't give you my private ideas and Around switzerland and neutrality. I've got some interesting ones for over a pint let's see i'm going to check the time all right This is stuff we can read. So you've got the european community. Have you even got intel? Did arm have intel when they were trying to enable their technology? They were trying to do enterprise servers. No, but they didn't in actual fact. There was a lot of friction, let's say In the community and elsewhere So we've got intel intel. So i'll give kudos to pat gelsinger And actually i met pat gelsinger one day. It was the day he after he was hired at emc I um bumped into one at the coffee station and had coffee with him And really nice guy But I did find it peculiar that he still had on his website at that stage that his desire in life was to be the CEO of Intel I guess he got his wish So pat has decided to kind of make separate divisions with intel and have intel also be the foundry of choice for chip vendors So that if you're a startup you can actually get intel to create your chips Whatever shape or form But they're big into helping enable the risk 5 market, which is cool Right There's a little thing here about espanol Espana, por favor Ellos they Are very much interested in this technology as well As is brazil others There's another project called rise and that's helping focus energy across multiple Companies across the industry to enable the software ecosystem and accelerate the adoption of risk 5, which is great So we've got a lot of wind in our sails, so to speak And I think you can read this one This is more of an architecture slide. I'll get killed for saying that I'm sure and Like the open standards is big thing for us toolchain toolchain is interesting so When it comes to compilers and it comes to debuggers and and libraries And tool tooling in general on the toolchain side They actually need to be enabled with The extensions for risk 5 in order for that extension to be supported So it's kind of interesting that it's not just the operating system supports the chip it's like The toolchain itself all the individual components of the toolchain have to be able to support The individual components of the technology in order for the operating system then in turn to take advantage of Various extensions so there's a as you can imagine there's a multitude of extensions So there's a multitude of timelines associated with each of those extensions some are frozen Some are already supported Some are about to be supported for instance in gcc and we're kind of i'm actively tracking them and other people as well To see, you know, okay, where are the gaps and how can we accelerate this? This is a really cool slide I'm not not a fan of architecture at times, but sometimes you get one you go like wow. Gee whiz batman this one catches the imagination So if you look at the graphic and you look at the projection They're projecting at the end of 2025 nearly 80 billion risk 5 cores shipped that is phenomenal It's it's it's it's daunting. No, of course when it comes to enterprise computing You know, this is like the touch. This is the edge of the iceberg because They're starting with risk 5 and embedded type devices Small edge type devices and then kind of bleeding into bigger and bigger and bigger as you come up the kind of hardware stack Then some performance benchmarking material, of course performance is an important thing and I would be What is it? negligent Or even misleading if I actually said hey, you know, we're the best performing thing on the planet We're getting there. That's what I can say We're getting there enough given my experience with arm enablement in the enterprise compute space I believe we're about five years ahead of where arm was at this moment in its evolution within the enterprise compute space Which is again an interesting moment in time This is a lovely slide Lots of partners lots of software partners application vendors run times operating systems that are interested kicking the tires debion came out the other day saying they officially support risk five as a as an architecture Ubuntu already officially supported as well canonical um, of course, we've got fedora support as well and over time as Boxes start to come along with the CPUs in the enterprise servers Then it's the natural evolution is that rel well fedora Then sent our stream and then into rel as we continue to kind of make progress And likewise with open suce likewise an alma linux, etc A hypervisor support extremely important and I would add that Like from my perspective the sweet spot is when we're and this is the question I'm sure troi and others are asking when will the technology be ready for enterprise compute And and it's a kind of a chicken and egg because it's like when will the cpu's be ready when will the box vendors such as hp and amazon and in vidya and others be ready and what's that kind of moment in time where it all intersects And and you don't want to start the work Of enablement at that moment in time. You want to start to maybe three years ahead of that Which is why I'm standing here in front of you today all right Um, not a good slide There's a risk membership link here if your company wants to join the risk foundation the risk by foundation and there's some more information in there as well and extensions So here's a concept So the only real mandatory extension is the integer extension You know, can you add can you subtract etc? Everything else has to be kind of an additional extension. So there's a multiplication integer multiplication and division m the atomics a You got the various floating points fd And actually there was there was a quad floating point somewhere. It's not on it's in a different slide and Then there's compression etc These extensions are what adds which they extend the ability of this the cpu itself the sock to do additional things and in theory you can have a multitude of chip designs that will Just do very basic stuff to very complex stuff Including all the memory management that we're used to at the high end from an enterprise compute perspective But the fact is that you can actually design chips to do all of this Very little or a lot so you can imagine you're going to have customizable chips We're not expecting rel to be running our fedora to be running on those custom heavily customized chips with reduced instruction sets, etc That wouldn't make much sense and there wouldn't be much of a business case for that. However We will expect all the distros not expect we hope and we petition and request that all the The main linux distributions work with us in enabling risk five their distros sitting on risk five, of course some of that is the working upstream with the linux community itself and then Have the platform available so that the box vendors can consume it and the kind of the whole ecosystem starts to build out a little word on profiles If you're not up the speed on profiles, it can be a little confusing And the one I draw attraction here to is our last major profile was really rva 20 And We're talking 64 bit not 32 bit And we add in additional Extensions as they get ratified over time. Hence you got rva 22 23. So there's additional things that kind of come in with the new Specifications and once things become hardened and available And then of course the future there is a rv 128. Not sure how far out that is in the in the event horizon Oh and more importantly Let me see Go back here There's a link here to a great profile document on github If you want to overindulge yourself and if you need to sleep some nights, you've got insomnia And then of course we've got the the hardware platform definitions For risk five that work is starting this year and that will start to kind of evolve That is probably something that'll be really interesting to the folks within the distro space Right, this is the decoder ring You're going to see many variations of this but For on tense purposes, you've got rv is risk five The second or the third digit here can be an integer i or a application The 23 is the year so it could be 20 22 23 you That one is Can be privileged The privilege mode itself is that user is the supervisor and then of course at the end you've got 64 So you will see some of these names are 32 at the end You're not going to be interested in that but the 64 yes and rva 20 S 64 is probably the one that's of most interest right now from a linux distribution perspective And as we get to ratification and evolution at some points probably be 20 that rva 24 would probably be the next one that will be of similar importance and again So I didn't want to use the poster that they had in world war one for group and troops We need I need you but we need you as part of the community and the extended community to help us Enable the ecosystem and the ecosystem is pretty complicated On the one hand we have the toolchain which in itself is a pretty complicated world And has to be enabled for risk five On the other hand and a lot of the toolchain is available. So gcc and the debuggers LLvm etc. They're all available today and they're all enabled And there's some residual work that signal needs to be done. But the good news is the work is getting done However, then you look at it. It's like, okay, I'm a customer I'm gonna I'm gonna mention probably a customer Uh a partner whose whose name may not be appreciated. But for instance oracle, right Oracle is a pretty important player in the database space. And it's like, well Isaac When is larry going to actually trust you to put his stuff on it? Well, you got this whole stack here And we got to have the stack in place So we need So you got the socks themselves. Who are the sock vendors that are going to be creating enterprise socks? Who are the box vendors that are going to be consuming these socks? Then you've got oil adapters. Yeah, you can have Probably arm adapters x86 adapters, but you're going to have native adapters as well And upstream drivers and box drivers, etc And then of course you've got The most important part of the equation. Where are the operating systems? And of course when you think of operating systems today, you're thinking of what about vmware What about the hyper visors hyper v? What about aws? What about alibaba? What about all the major regional hypervisor players and then of course you've got What about all the kubernetes distro vendors? So open shift Docker and everybody else So that all needs to be coordinated Carefully so that we can kind of from a cross community cross company perspective Enable the architecture so that larry and others cost larry's customers can actually fully Embrace and adopt the technology It's not going to happen overnight. We have to crawl walk run But the good news is that we're well on the way and we definitely have the wind behind our our sails right now And there's uh, you know, as I said, I feel like we're five years ahead of where arm was at this point And I couldn't tell you where we're going to leapfrog arm from a technological perspective But we're you know, it is going to happen Um, and it's a pretty exciting space, but we definitely need the linux community's help I mean and again risk five foundation is part of the linux foundation And you know, we want to give customers choice of platform choice of solutions Give partners choices and Help enable a more competitive architectural landscape So let's see This is just the life cycle thing we kind of touched on earlier And for anyone that really loves eye charts, this one is the best one I've ever seen It's the risk five reference card This gets into the rythmatic Stores loads, uh, you know, how memory memory management And a whole lot of other stuff, which is fascinating probably for john masters red beard and and and a few other people but for plebs like myself Probably a little bit too much and There was a song back in the 80s. He was called the future's so bright. I gotta wear shades Um, if I was in a country where the sun was shining apparently Global warming is making it the warmest time of the year Uh, the warmest july and record and most in the planet and most countries Well, ireland just had the wettest. So there's no point in wearing sunglasses And but the future is so bright. I gotta wear shades risk five is going to Grow up into all these environments that we've known and loved for so long and we rely on everyone's assistance and help from a community perspective to help Uh, bring this out into the open to birth this technology And I'm I'm looking forward to work with everyone on it. So Any questions No, I didn't say what languages I was going to respond to. Okay Okay, I have a lot of questions. Actually, uh, the first one is, uh, you told us about, uh, Well, performant. I won't argue but what about the power efficiency? I mean, I mean, you know the Because when we calculate a lot of things we calculate in the long term how much power it will consume So do you have any benchmarks? like power like instruction per watt or This kind of benchmark, you know I'm sure I'm sure there are and you're going to give me your name and your email And I'm I'm going to get you the data because I don't have it off the top of my head because You know our intent is to be as competitive on the power envelope front as arm is today Okay, and power and green is kind of an interesting one because for instance, even the high-end CPUs from AMD today They consume a lot more energy But because you need a lot less of them to do your work You've gone from two racks of systems to a half a rack of system consuming less power So the power equation depending on who's writing the The white paper Can be misleading but our intent is that it's going to be as competitive And competitive with arms power envelopes. Okay, so it's called performance per watt The other thing is that we know Thor was actually said that I'm to I agree with him that in order to get The new architecture to become Very competitive. You need the developers to have the boxes. Yes And I totally agree with him for me personally I start using arm as my workstation by because apple created the max And then it was much easier than spin something on aws Whatever or use raspberry pi that well, sorry, it's not good enough for serious work When you compile a lot of things so do you know any workstation for developers with risks? five But you can Recommend or say that very it is I have very same problem with power pc because very like the tails or something I get I don't I mean Yes, they lost and getting it, you know Was very hard with arm event, but it's very popular I waited like the half year to get the proper equipment and How it looks when it comes to the risk Yeah, so so those offerings are are coming from partners, right? I'm not aware of the roadmaps, but I do know that for instance there has been a laptop that has been shipped With a risk 5 chip in it already, which is says a lot in itself Actually, I'm curious. How many people do we have online right now? because I'm wondering if there's some of the partners online if they if they If someone's monitoring that they may have an answer and I can repeat it once once we have the answer in Okay, because I know the word partners aren't smart. I'm when I asked Any more questions? Okay We're doing the mic fun The co-co-co-plockage to go more fresh on So the 16 bits compressed instructions. It's like arms some right? I'm sorry. I didn't catch that So you were talking about an extension for 16 bit compressed instructions It's an equivalent of arms some feature or the compress. Yes And a more practical question about well helping risk 5 so suppose I compile the binaries of my project for risk 5 and It doesn't exactly work as I expect So what's the best course of action? To find out why Right now because there's there are so many possibilities now that it's So the whole stack is still a bit experimental in compilers in the Linux kernel and so on I would be lying to say I have an answer for that question So We have people on the team that look that look after that set of things and you're going to give me your name And I'm going to follow up. Okay. You got my word I'll leave it in the back Sorry Because I certainly won't be devogna witcher. I wish I could What boards do you recommend for like risk 5 development? Like single board computers or like an FPGA. All right, so Privately, I could recommend boards because we've got to be partner agnostic I kind of have to leave that up to people to choose from the existing ones that are available And I'm not being flippant. It's It's just like I have to love all my children equally I love Susie. I love rel. I love fedora. I love Ubuntu, right? So and I I can't I can't suggest one over the other or choose one over the other come on You must have a favorite child What's my favorite child? Yeah. Um, if you want to play around there's some milkboards available Yeah, I'm just going to search it up. Okay Tomash We got this chap here waiting patiently Thank you. Um, I think I noticed that on one of the slides, but I have a question is are there any Extensions coming up from being ratified To accelerate cryptographic. Yes vector crypto. And what about post quantum cryptography? That one I'd have to check But vector crypto has been heavily worked on right now Okay. Thank you Hi, um, first of all great talk. So thank you for giving it and um for my question I thought I was really interesting kind of the membership of various You know countries or organizations across the world within risk five um When you talked about kind of I don't know a better way to say it's like democratizing access to developing hardware, which is Predominantly or at least historically been in the u.s When thinking about these partners are there specific sort of applications that they are Looking into developing using risk five. Is it more about, you know, creating more consumer oriented devices that They have control over the manufacturing pipeline or is it more around like servers and stuff like that? I was wondering if you just I think it's more from a government perspective and you know, you think a lot of governments are like one big huge company And they have to you know purchase A lot of systems and they want to have the choice and they don't want to be totally dependent on one specific geo for the technology you can imagine it's a bit like I mean Oil and and the arab countries and the u.s. Is a similar conundrum in and russia um We're A country like ireland for instance. We don't have any oil It costs a scenario. I'm gonna like to get it and we're dependent on all those countries So, you know from a technology perspective is a similar analogy where having the ability to Having companies in your own geo that have the technology in the geo that they're not dependent on somebody in in redmond or seattle or Silicon valley far Yeah Choice is always good Choice and open. They're my two favorite words So how far is the development of pcie based extension devices? Things like sound cards Graphics devices has come for this instruction set. It's a work in progress And it's an extremely important part of the equation, right? Exactly Okay Doubler Hi, sorry. It's probably a stupid question, but No such thing Like what level of technology regarding the chip manufacturers does this actually need like are you still relying on like taiwan semiconductor or Unless you've got a few billion dollars to create a fab you are But you got to remember like taiwan semiconductor They now own I know it's like 75 percent of those new lithographic machines that come out of that company in holland And intel has a ton on back order, but they have nowhere near the same amount of systems um For anyone that's interested. Yeah, you should look it up The I can't remember the name of that company in holland, but it's it's almost like a photocopier with gas That's the best way to describe it and it's able to you know, create the blueprint on on the the silicon And they can do several layers and layer on top of it. Which is just mind-boggling Or the gas comes from russia. I think it comes from dialeron. That's actually a local joke That's that there are politicians a lot of hot gas a lot of hot gas Like every other country any more questions Oh, so regarding PCI expressance on Is it a standard like reference design of a south bridge? Right now or no or not Sorry, you're gonna have to repeat. I apologize. Uh, is there a standard design for a south bridge for risk for risk 5? Yeah Sound bridge south south south bridge that one I'd have to look into I don't know That's been honest We got another one from the yellow sub marine Okay Yeah Okay, so I had a problem for example that I needed the necessary virtualization on arm and it came with one of the version Like 8.5 or something. I get it doesn't matter. How would you Because right now I believe that there is no necessary virtualization risk if it will be How would it look like and when I can how can I check if There is some this kind of extension or if it's in pipeline You mean a hypervisor extension? Yeah, yeah, but Yeah, you have a hypervisor extension, but this is like the first layer of virtualization in most cases But I need the second layer and because And I like you know to have virtualized virtualized VMs on VMs on VMs and things I get nested virtualization. Yeah, I don't think rel actually supports the day neither does um Rev So there are two virtualization serums And if the extension is compliant with the serums, I can show you later Then nested virtualization is perfectly doable and Actually kvm inside kvm At least in some cases it works But on risk five it's of course the question for the risk five team All right, cool, and arm isn't quite there yet on on Virtualization so the intent would be that we're going to leapfrog arm probably on virtualization Okay, lost question Anybody over here? All right, so just to finish I'm just going to give you A quick bar I'm a former opera singer And this is our local song Oh how often my dreams and their fancy take fly To the home of my child to the way To the day when each patriots vision seemed right here I thought that those days would decay When my heart was as lies as the wild winds that blow Down the mardike to each ellen tree Where we sported and played Neat the green leafy shade On the banks of my own lovely leaf Where we sported and played Neat the green leafy shade On the banks of my own lovely leaf Up down Reddus That's that's a song about our river the river down here the banks of our own The banks of our river we love our town All right, thanks folks. Um Those of you that I want to get names off of names badges and serial numbers I'm going to just come over here and we're going to write it down. All right. Thank you Thank you Isaac So we have next session coming up in four minutes