 This study investigates streamflow trends in a consolidated dataset of near-natural streamflow records from 441 small catchments across Europe. Trends were calculated using the Kendall-Thiel robust line for standardized annual and monthly streamflow, as well as for summer low-flow magnitude and timing. The study found that annual streamflow trends varied regionally, with negative trends in southern and eastern regions and positive trends elsewhere. Monthly streamflow trends revealed potential causes for these changes, such as a shift towards negative trends in April that gradually spread across Europe to reach a maximum extent in August. Low flows have decreased in most regions where the lowest mean monthly flow occurs in summer, but vary for catchments with flow minima in winter and secondary low flows in summer. The study confirms findings from national and regional scale trend analyses and provides a valuable benchmark for future studies and model simulations. This article was authored by K. Stahl, H. Hisdahl, J. Hannaford, and others.