 Mae Cymru opon hwnnw ac sydd wedi'i gweithio a ystyried o unrhyw gwybod hynny'r cyfodol, a maen nhw'n mynd y wneud ridech y lleol i'r awnod. Gyda'r busg o ond llunio ond weithio'n digwydd o'r ffordd o'r llaw ar ddigonol, ac mae'r ystyried yn byw ychydigol yn llw. I'm delighted to own the session by introducing Professor Anne Currie, but can I say that at the end of each session there will be about five to ten minutes available for questions from the floor. Now, Anne Currie is the co-chair of the Agincall 600 committee, and she and I have worked in tandem for about six or seven years on this work, and I can only use the word indefatigable to describe her. Her work rate is extraordinary. But in addition to the co-chair of the Agincall 600 committee, she is perhaps more importantly for that, that our office is chairman of the trustees of the Agincall 600 commemorative fund, which has, or which had, one million pounds to spend. And if we were given the money in March, or told about it in March this year, and the money has to be spent by the end of March next year, you will understand how much work that entails. In addition to all her work of Agincall organisations, she has written so many key texts about the battle and opinion, and it gives me very great pleasure to introduce Professor Anne Currie. I was kind of replicating what happened on the 24th and 25th of October. I've only just arrived, like some of the French were alive late, and also, the night before the battle, it rained extremely heavily. And I do hope that as many of you as possible will join me back after close and play today for the launch of my latest book, Great battles and the important. I thought it might be useful to start with a map, just in case there's anybody in the room who wasn't quite sure where Agincall is. This is a pointer. It is, and you know, the history of the campaign there. The point about Agincall is that we're hearing about the site and its position in literature, all sorts of different things. But the point of today's event is not really to talk about the battle itself, but to look back at why it has continued to mean so much, particularly to the British, but to other countries as well, as the years have gone on. On the face of it, it doesn't seem a very pre-possessing battlefield. Cresce is a much more attractive. There are two basic reasons why we still remember it, and they're both on this slide here. The reputation of Henry V, the sort of image of Henry V, but particularly as part of that it through Shakespeare, since the porto edition of the play first performed in Royal Theatre in 1599 and believed to be the first play to be performed there. And although that play was not successful or popular in the 17th century, in the 18th century it began to be performed quite regularly when we were all with the French, and of course that was also very regular. And therefore the play became part of the ancient psyche. I won't go into detail on these wars, but just to say, particularly on this, that from the time of William III's Revolution onwards we were all the French for the Freakings, and it can't be a coincidence that Thomas Goodwin's book on him, the first biography, was in 1704. Actually, when we did two sort of continuity of the victories of the past with the victories of the present, the War of Austria in the 1740s, the last war in which an English king participated in person, also starts this performance in the 5th. It was in 1745 that there was a world sponsorship for her performance, and from then onwards you could see the news pages performed very frequently. What a lot of letters starting to appear in news pages invoking the memory of article. On the basic premise that we picked the hell out of the French in 1415 and therefore we can do it again in the 1740s. This escalates in the Seven Years War, and you've got a new moment to come in. It very much reflects British society, I think, this idea that we have a radical fortitude. We are not like the French who are all degenerate, which is waiting for a revolution to come around the corner. It's interesting that when the adversary was first invoked in newspapers in 1750, there's a little colour in the times that are sown today as the adversary are. It incites Shakespeare, and that, I think, has been the most important discovery at the time. I'm not surprised at all that I did my work on the great methods that I took looking at cultural legacy, that I took Shakespeare from the middle of the 18th century on which it was absolutely in the Solid War. By the late 18th century, the revolutionary was this idea of our moral and political superiority to the French, which really comes out extremely strongly. When we get bones like the French preserve their character, I reckon then, they're still I reckon now, and cultural memory, I think, or all of this kind of thing. If we could might enjoy a visual image of this, this was a panel on the paintings, and the enthusiasm for all these paintings in the late 18th, 30th, 19th centuries done by Robert Kerr Porter. This was put on show by ICM, as to square in 1805, the era of Trafalgar, and you could do your patriotic duty by painting, showing to go and have a look at it. This is a guide to it. Unfortunately, the painting is lost, which is a great pity. It's had 100 feet long, absolutely huge cameras. The same artist had painted Seringapatam, so it was part of the genre of these works, but it was a trilogy. The spirit of the age, but also a little vignette. For instance, there was a British woman bending over her dead husband's body and weaving over it. It was in the influence of many of the manuscripts in this, where you get the mountainous ones. It was nothing like Edwin's, because these people had never been there. It was something that was to start really after the end of the era, and it was when it became possible to visit the site of two salons that would be telling us about some amazing activities there in 1818. As you will know, my work has been largely on the English army. I just wanted to show you a few sliders, because my focus today is very much on the people and why it is that so many people, particularly in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, claimed their ancestors happy at this battle. It still happens today. I've collected a vast number of emails from people all over the world claiming that their ancestors were at the battle. In some cases, I've been able to check the big data posts you've done on medievalsoldier.org and give them good news, because they were really disappointed if you can't find them. We don't have every record of all of the master roles for the army in this period, but we do have a pretty large number. We've been identified in the county on about 8,600 names of people actually on the campaign, not necessarily at the battle. Of course, it was a vast amount of documentation there. I think it inspired the society around it, because it shows how valuable these local insights can be. Someone called Gander contacted me, and in fact it's a very unusual surname because it was Sussex. I'm sure enough that word Gander is in the writing of Thomas Ford Cowell, he's from Trotter, serving in 1415, and there's still Gander's in that area today, so I've never known that. I think an ideal word would be to identify more of these people than people have got. Some work being done by Dan Spencer and one of those by the students has improved actual data, so I know there's a lot of work going on in France as well in identifying the people who are there. I won't say very much about the French today, but you can know a lot about their army, the master roles and how you represent things of this sort. Also, this is a dead, and what cases and things of this sort. Most importantly, the ransom documents that we have, and interestingly so far we've identified 500 dead, 120 prisoners. This is a nothing life that has given me the chronicles, and I've put a million down in one chronicle as a present. I think we really can't believe what they say. They say 60,000, but it's the same number in the sort of presence of the presence of everybody, and it's a large number there. But in the context of, in fact, this is very regional, I think it's a lot in the whole of France, 500 dead people where there are people of the same family there, and also prisoners where some officers were on the house, some very regretted certainties about their answers. There was those of them as a sort of statue for what was, according to one workbook, only 30 minutes of writing. But back to the English records, and this is one of the master roles from that, in fact, the master took place, this is a time circular, it's kind of a receipt for his men. It's a muster on the keys of Southampton, but it goes to my office. We've done some filming there for a long time, of course, and we've become a bit hard about this, and it was extremely funny because people were coming past all the bites of the pictures of London wires, and we were standing in the middle of the con. These roles are not unprecedented, the English have had this sort of financial accountability for war for quite a long time, but what we do have is a surprisingly large number of nominal lists, both before and after the campaign. The reason for this is actually the payment for people on this campaign dropped on for many years. It didn't really come with money to get a war in 2015. And so he just wanted six months' pay of the funds, but see there's an ability, maybe insisted on that. He had enough cash for three months' wages, but for the second three months he fellasly went to the Royal Jewel Code and brought out jewels and plate, which was then weighed into the silver content in it, was given to the province according to the value of the silver which would be put under the wages. Jenny Stratford, the Society, has done a huge amount of very valuable work on this. It's extremely useful in tracking what was in the Royal Jewel Collection at that point, but also in sharing some of the meticulousness, the lodginess of these items with London Girlsmiths, a sort of posh cwmroke system, really. But also, some of these items seemed to have kept the items, and therefore essentially came the troops out of their own pocket. Some of the troops would never return, but in 1450 or so it was agreed that any still in the hands of people who'd been on the Royal Jewel would be kept. It's quite interesting that many people have said to me, oh, you know, our gene called us to be on everybody's lips when they came home, everybody was concerned and proud of their work to be there, to show us just how much the Shakespeare, you know, and look at their scars and what sort of stuff. In fact, there isn't very much, partly because it's overtaken by the Treaty of Troy. But also, there were a lot of problems over these payments, and as soon as we died, 1422 or 1423, Parliament seized Duke of Blostro and the Earl of Salisbury, and there was a prominent petition for the full payment of what it is. So, it isn't quite as straightforward, and we had difficulties. We were really obsessed by Ron Sheehan's campaign, and it's one of those questions of, I'm going to do it now and sort it out later. How do you know what would happen to be kind of being successful? But back to the list of names. They are in a standard format. You know they are ticked off with the dots beside the names and the metatimes at the top called the squires in the spirit. The two words meant the same thing, and then at the bottom the answers. And in the middle there, in order to normalise the additional metatimes, not paid by the Crown, paid presumably by opening themselves, hanging around in the hope that the premises would arise. When I completed out of my recent work on the Muslim Retail, it was that there was a broad deal of reorganisation that was during the campaign. We'll see in a minute a list of men who came back, however, and it's not the same as this first year. People died on the campaign, the second plotters that still seem to have gone, and there's a lot of reorganisation going on there. So, of course, the opportunities did come up. These roles are interesting as objects in their own right. This one is the Duke of Gloucesters, the second barge of strife new for eight hundred men, open for eighteen men, in the ratio of one out of three archers. That's a sort of common arrangement for the army. It seems slightly different, lay out in this, but also the same tipping off. I still don't swear that at Duke of Gloucesters it was the time for the countens, as much as soldiers, and I think some truth in that. That's a bureaucracy of the interstate possibility of following up what would happen in the past. But with an army at least 11,000, maybe 12,000 strong, this is the largest army to leave England since 1346. And it's the first time since 1359 that a king has led an army to France inverses. It's very, very important. When Henry applied to the city of London for a loan, so to speak, he said he was going to set out with a sort of John Mojo-like, not inconsiderable barge army. It was known at the time that this was a major military endeavour. Now, I'm swearing Goster's muster role. What we see is the real makeup of this army. The army was actually made up not just of the 800-hundred-hundred Goster, the 200-hundred-hundred, 600-hundred archers, but within that, many, many small companies, made up often, as you can see here, of one amount of arms, everyone's on the left, and three archers. This is nothing new. This is how arms were organised in the 14th century, too. But the vast recruitment, no wonder it took from late April when the tensions had first sealed through to July in the middle of August to get all of these troops to get down on the south coast in Southampton, but also other places around there. You can see here a huge amount of money on later, but we've got a lot of potential. In fact, I have a PhD student starting with the Eric Loddus in the Gosling Foundation, which has been very helpful. It's made up of getting charitable donations and the Gosling Foundation to find a new PhD, which will look at these revenue structures essentially. It's so very important to summarising that. Everybody talks about the Welsh, and I was in Hang-On-Wine on Saturday and Sunday, I was working with them a few months ago, and the Welsh seem to be calm and down. There's a half-half-week man from the past, but there's still the opportunity to get this in order to give us the Welsh predominant. The Welsh are important. Here we have 500 south Wales archers who couldn't be from north Wales, because only in the Daraf have they been captured, so the worry about loyalty there. But there were 500 archers, and some of those are from south Wales, from Cardiff, Pymala, Reckon, and Haig, and this is the must-of-all for them. We have 500 from Angusia, and possibly 650 from Cheshire, and these are very important. In terms of modern research methods, it's extremely difficult to put Welsh into a computer-domit base. We've got an interactive thing with the Tower of London exhibition that we're going to be in today, and of course, whilst others are just up by a small space there, you can buy all those little people, and there are these sorts of things there. But these are very significant documents, very significant documents really for knowing people from these areas at that point in time, and another ex-PHD student, Adam Chapman, did a lot of work on these Welsh archers, and a lot of some of them generally in the mountain of ages, and I was able to share some of them that were previously in Wales, and I think probably were serving here to expand that into the past. By 40, 50 of Cardiff was no longer being used as it has to be by the 1st, 2nd, 3rd. It's not used as a way of recruiting truants, but in the Welsh case, maybe we are seeing some evidence of that. We do know that May became and had to be included at home, and this includes some of the Welsh archers, so some of those are not there. So far, I've been able to identify 1500 names from two longer Cyclysymwyrshirewyr, but not all the names are however sandwiches for that kind, and the other slightly worrying thing is that some of these names are also what he wants to be present at the battle, and at this point it's to a possibility that the lists are often headed genre malade, ill, sick men, but maybe they didn't actually. So far, we've got very few dead at that, and we know this from some of the post-familio plans, but relatively few seem to have died at the battle itself. So, we will continue working on this. I'll show you some of the other sorts we have, and clearly these lists are one thing that people say we're going to have all of this, but there are other things that we can use for this. The other thing, of course, is that there were some replacements brought in during the Siege of Hathlw. This is the other end of this role, and we can see there are some replacements, and there are some more food stuff to be brought in now too. This is Erbyn's post-familio list, as I say, it has some of the same names, but not all of them have the same names on it, but most of them have got to go back on with it. One of them, at the bottom of my diamonds there, has against his name, Diolch yn Cary, so he presumed he was wounded at the battle, although he can't be sure of that, but he is annotated there. So, different metamines have very different roles of illness in them, and that's another thing that will take forward I think, is to whether there are certain parts of the Siege of Hathlw, most of them due to parents, because Duke was integrated at home himself, that suffered more from dysentery than others. The filing system also, in the address, none of these bastards filed in the National Archives, all of Erbyn's stuff when the campaign was over, it was a count, so it's not after his death, 1429, all his materials were put into a bag. Erbyn was written on it, it was kind of a pair of minutes, so it was sort of a filing system. You can imagine the life before filing, how it would sound, computers and folders, this is what you might have seen as well. This is Thomas Lord Cammoy's post campaign, Retina List, and it again shows that most of his men were at the battle with him, very few seem to have suffered from sickness. There are some other annotations here and see here, some solstitutes coming in, so it's a really rich insight into the actual organisation of Erbyn at this point. You can see the most are they were at the battle with him. In addition, there was post campaign financial accounts, where there was a powership captain who got at the outset of the campaign, and then how much, what happened to their routine, whether the reductions needed to be made, and also any adjustments for more games, was a system sharing out more games or handing over their valuable prisoners to the crown. So these also give some insights into how many men were lost during the campaign, and also, in fact, one of the only sources we have for what people actually did on the campaign. Well, now to the next in my talk, which is similar with this big problem. These people run to me, but kind of happy about saying, yes, your answer is out of the bottle, but they don't want me to say, what do you do? That is very different. It's from one of these accounts, a big and well-decorated E3506 in the TNA, that, for instance, would pick up on the language you are, because it's something with a bodyguard family. But generally, there's very little to go, other than these sources, because as to what people might have done at the battle with the chronicles, only mention the king and one or two other people. That's another problem with the chronicle, the archers don't get much of a living in the chronicles to be honest. So, in these, we might get that people have taken prisoners. For camois, we have a little note here about prisoners taken by the men who threaten you. Many of you have worked with documents like this. You just know how frustrating it says, why the men of the military have called camois there? Which ones? What they don't use. But we do know who got prisoners. So for those through hundreds, through plenty of many cases, we do know who the characters were. We know the groups of people who took prisoners there as well. What's the most celebration of the title? Just in the week he went to the best country by a chaplain with the King on the expedition says the year after the king celebrated it in his prayers on that day. And later in December, there was an order that there should be special prayers on the 25th of October for martyrs, for Christian and Christianianus and for John and Beverly. And this piece of translation was given by the supporter, a sound of the Christian dynasty. But to be honest, there isn't evidence of massive outpouring of popular fervour. It's a very much a modern thing, this, although we're going to see what happened in 1915. There are poems, things of that sort, but it's not as if there is any sort of record, if you like, any kind of acting point, no. Maybe what people expect, there would be something like that. Nodol Saw has suggested that for the 14th century, 8th, 14th century army, there is a common story of tomb, that there is a sort of brothel, so to speak. If you've seen the black prison Henry Cathedral, you know, you've seen other ones, you'll know that people all wanted to have the same beard, or the same stash, or even some fashions, this kind of thing coming in. So maybe that would be something to look at. Unfortunately, there are very few ones, calculated 45, surviving monuments of people known to be on this campaign. Only one of them mentions anything to do with the campaign, and this is the brass of Sir John Philip at Sir Mary's Kiddermaster. And it says that Sir John died at the Siege of Heffler, and that he was much loved of the King. Indeed, he was in Siege of Heffler, he was very close to the King. This is then not something of the brass, and it's the only one that mentions the campaign. So it's one impossible one later on. But suppose that you can see that there is no link between these moments. One of them is very much of the moment, but also a commission of my families, and also I'm proud that some of them have traditions of doing this. So here's the camera, this one, which is a very, very important brass. It's a huge brass. And people have talked long and hard about the funny little figure down in the bottom right-hand corner. Is this the love child of the Elizabeth Fullers of Mortimer? The original wife of Hindu Percy? Who knows? It's a civilian person, it's a civilian dress, a tiny little figure there. But this hand-holding, which is quite prominent, again was a fashion of Mortimer's being in the 1420s. So John Phillips' brother, William, actually did fight at the battle. He was a prominent in the House of His Benefit. Over the 6th, then he became Lord of Bartholth, of fantasy as well. So he was a much better tune. You can see here, and I'm going to talk about tunes too, how styles evolve in all of this battle. But there is nothing there to suggest a sort of a tune called style too, or any reminiscence. Edward does get mentioned in a few petitions. This is an extremely interesting one, about 1455. 400 Bb. 100 Bb was at the battle, and then served the king in Normandy, but then he became a protector of the young princess, so he does not then serve the prince. He falls out with the king, with others, and in 1447 he's arrested for treason, but dies before he's been able to try. There was then efforts to redeem his reputation. This petition is one of those ways of trying to redeem his reputation. York is one of the people to do this. And it mentions in their role in this military period, it mentions the presence of the papalagic people. But what do other petitions do? Well, clearly this is about Johanna, but then it does mention lots of other military activities there. It's a close-up scene about the Matagalagian port. And that's him. That's two or so bit more about him than Johanna, because he's one of the few you can still gaze upon over bodies of this period. Now, in the early times, the gesture and Torzellum's Nebimetricus, we see he's a written very early act of battle. He needs to have two years afterwards. You can see that he was a brave prince. He was wounded. Come on, so the gesture just gives us a sort of insight into the king's bubble. It's like a lone embassy. These are the only people you're worth talking about. I don't think anybody's ever said that gesture. It's like a lone embassy. Here it's quite interesting. Torzellum is a slightly different version. This one of King stood over him. And it's not surprising that when the lives of him, the fifth were written after the King came of age, one of the bottom one, the Tantus Lilius, the Nebimetricus, was written by a secretary in the pay of Hanford-Uper Gloucester in the studio album around the same time. A lot of disputes about the relationship between these two texts. We get an expansion of that story. It's a bit of the bottom one. He fought bravely and without caution. There's a lot more detail of the injury. There's a lot more detail as well about the King standing over him. And also, just look at this, the redowning Duke fell with his head against the King's feet. Now his feet towards the enemy. Now that's pretty obvious. He wasn't stunning. He was back to the enemy. He'd been fighting. He was facing worthy suggestions that he'd been a bit of a win for how he'd fallen over and really been doing much fighting together. So in the wording of this, I'll be seasoning. Similarly, in the first one, there's a series of interesting points about the Duke. But the real flooring of this industry, or who was it actually called, or was my answer to that, is a late 16th century phenomenon. It fits very well with the origins of the original attempts for society of antiquities in the late 16th and 17th century. This is one of three copies of what is known as the Agincourt Roe. This is the Bierre-Harley manuscript. There's one by the Winter Arms, and one in the Ashmolean as well. This was copied out by Robert Glover, the son of St Harold, probably around 1580. And this is all linked. It's a sort of list of people at the Battle of Agincourt. But there aren't very many in it. And the arches up there was more interest to late 16th century. You know, there's a complete gentleman after all those arches. And this has predominated studies of Agincourt, which is very unfortunate. It implies we don't have original nominal lists, which as you can see we do. It's reported at the end of this. This was presented with the post-campaign accounting process. So that process started in November 1416. So there was no reason to doubt that it didn't come from our lost original. However, it isn't all the names of the people of the battle. There are many, many others that were there. This is the Ashmolean version of it. It's thanks to Magy Romes, who has done what we were going with this, the Cymru Society of Publishing, a lot of papers of other, soon. Now, Adrian Ailes, also a fellow, has done some work on this to show the visitations of the Harold's in the late 16th century. It was not uncommon for when the Harold's came out for people to tell them that their ancestors had been at the battle. And so we get this mentioned in the visitation records themselves. Everyone found the first two. Cheshire, Sir John Savage made a note of the plans that appeared to be of highly slag at the battle. Essex, Dr Crotrodd, and I've found another one in Surrey 68 at the end to tell the visitation for a society you don't. Now, there's a problem with this. We have no record of anybody being made a knight in the battle actually for it. We have a record that some were made knights of the landing, and some were made knights during March. But so far, no evidence has come forward either administrative or impromptuous of anybody who's made a knight. In my experience, a knight was only even a knight. It was not uncommon for a knight in 1424. So it's likely that it did happen. But, indeed, more work on the database will show those people who were asquires when they indented, but in the following year, in 1416, were knights. It's highly likely that they had been knighted. So I'm not saying they weren't. It's just so far. I've not brought any evidence. The other problem with these visitations is that a lot of us in them, I wouldn't know what my father was doing 200 years ago, and we didn't really know. I would. It appears to be of how many didn't die at the Battle of Ajan, when they came despite the English heritage website who is not a ken at Lyon Park in Cheshire where he's buried. Nor did he have a dog with him, which was a family tradition that developed in the early 19th century. He was on the campaign in service to John Savage. Tannis Carch Road, we have extensive documents for the old Oxford Road, but we've never known Tannis Carch Road there. And it's trying to be dod, though it's actually a suggestion now, nothing to suggest he was actually on the battle. And indeed, I've discovered, I think I've got to about 22 people with combs of this sort. Maybe out of those, only five or six are actually improved from the point of view of it. So the imagination, the invention of bams and herons is really quite interesting. It's probably not deliberate. And also it's going to say that there are pathways here. It's not just one one dimension in the service of Henry VIII. It's worth mentioning. Some of the bams and herons and herons can make good getting. So clearly it's not a privilege in a vouching port, really. There aren't that many vouching ports. So I think that dispute over this conclusion is that vouching port was a particular city for the one. I found it just as many for other nations mentioned in the visitations. Some stunning difficulties here. John Calderham term is often so very important because of this patent of July of 1921. A very early brand of ours. For sure it exists only in a copy. And this is said that bearing the same John Calderham term of the name before said I was in the service of the sovereign lord Henry V in battle watching ward under the said our sovereign lord's banner to the end of the worship of the said John Calderham term. Well, the problem with this document has been interpreted as saying that John Calderham carried the king's standard that's what the king called. It would work with just a dot dot dot and it has about some of the words there. But in reality, he didn't know the names of some of the banner bearers. It doesn't say that. It doesn't say that at all. Battle, watch and watch means different forms of military service. Furthermore, I can tell you the documents of the 15th and early 16th century. This is not 1421. It sounds to me like 1515-1513 as part of the flow of the material that is similar wording. So, battle, watch and war is not a community for expression, I think. There are some doubts about it. You'll see how these surrounding fictions can develop. Another good one. Here, by looking at the visitations, I've discovered that in fact between 1592 and 1619, the little abstraction of the Duke of Orleans was added to the code. On the serious grounds that Richard Waller of the Barth would have actually captured the Duke of Orleans. He didn't. He don't know who did. But he had the custody of the Count of Oldenburg, the Duke's younger brother. It doesn't really matter, does it? It's not the same. Well, yes, it does. Because this was a hostage deal in 1412. It has some footage of the magical tower. If you're relieved to know that the Coedrington and Waller were at the battle, Coedrington, by obscuring it is, Coedrington Coedrington was an archer in the writing of Thomas Lord Canoes. Richard Waller was in the company of Spudin Bones in the general command of Henry of the Duke of Gloucester. The Thomas of Beresford, however, the Count of Diolch yn 73, was not at the battle. Suggested might have been his father, or he was about to serve in my family. But this is the Suggested by an Aquarium that this mentions at the battle. This adjunct at the end. Now, I don't think it does. The tomb, let me just show you the tomb, the very famous tomb. There are two of these in Diolch, a sort of shroud model that's one of Chesterfield and one here in Midden. It's an intriguing way of avoiding having to calm armour and knowing nothing about the family. It's a bit of a crowd. But the tomb dates to 1594. So it's part of this desire to link back to the past. I'm afraid of the Thomas Beresford story that proves in Italian that there is a marvellous thing that means whispers of history, because we can see and date some of these, but the best one, it says that he has so many sons and 21 children together, not all of them are male, however, so many sons that actually form their own retinue. You know, you don't need to pretend that they're all this character but that's all that I'm afraid of. So the tomb here is very, very interesting with the war with children around them in various ways in the Scriptures. And you can see this sort of medieval if you like, coming in in the late 16th century. John Romney, another one, supposedly recovered a standard in the Scottishate Corbyn and therefore was given an annuity-wise commander. The only problem is, his commander was actually part of the troops put it into the balancing half-flow. So it's highly unlikely that Romney is at the battle, but he actually texts concerning the family histories and things of this sort, but why not as a way in France that his wife, alone with her son gets? So it's one of those sorts of things that are very interesting. There are many other kinds, but I won't show you all of these. But even in the English Civil War you get, for instance, Sir William Rawls got arms in the reign of Charles II and the coat was shaped by the fact that he was the first to start. Supposedly, 19 was well and lentil. I've hadn't turned the court in being the Welsh Order, supposedly knighted it, but I haven't actually been a knight for over ten years previously. James Meddcarf, a pointy captain of the troops who went to be there in the well, I haven't got a muster for them, and actually that's not how they're recruited in those days. This is flawed, flawed in recruiting troops in that way of taking part in northern England. It's also inspired from 223, fact of butter, bit of a brass, and all of those. Finally, in this woodhouse family, the Earl's of Cumbull, because we see we're in the 19th century and we go to the full hop. We get the motto at the bottom, motto as are much later, we get the drops of blood, shared a dungeon court and we get the great big hard allegory because John Lordhouse at the baffel that won round with such a weapon on the heads of the French, because he shouted back forward so that he was going to do it. Unfortunately, the woodhouse wasn't in the baffel at this family, invented a genealogy in the early 17th century, and actually all of this comes from the comes from the poem by Michael Drake in 1627. That's where it is. He gives starry rolls to several people including one of them to the battle. This is John Lennon copying out a part of another poem by Michael Drake. I should say a few words about David Gann because it's the same problem. He is listed as dead amongst the dead. That's quite amazing because if you wire the elements from him, that's his indenture for one himself and three archers. Amazingly, the tradition that he was important to the battle first occurs in the water of the earliest history of the world, which doesn't deal with the 15th century, it's a classical history, and it compares it to a situation that you need to handle. Why this was done, you do not know, but it's the very famous, alleged words of Gann when he goes out to spy and saying to the Frenchman they were enough to be killed, enough to be taken to Christmas, enough to run away. The Chinese whispers come in again, Michael Drater, obviously poeticise is it, and also has Gann as a tolu, a bit thrilling like he is, and also has a fight with the Sir John Woodhouse. During Drake's battle, as you call it, there is a siege. You know, battle's not enough, so there's a fortress and maybe siege it during battle as well. It's a crazy old part of Ireland to be shamed to taste. The story develops, it gets into Wales in the 1690s, and you can see I haven't put the whole text here, not because you have to read more, just so Harry gets longer and longer, you know, the tale improves in the telling here. Now, at the end of the 17th century, we've got the idea that he is knighted either after he's dead or when he's dying. This is something that comes in first at this point in history when you see it gets into all of the other texts of the period and the poetic version here. He achieved that glory which will forever moon die in, covered with wounds on the field of Edwin, saving the life of the king and in other occurrences killed two miles. You know, it's quite amazing. It's like a fish on this tail. The first serious study was in 1827, very much stimulated by the Pongionic Wars, but I mentioned it here to mention more about this problem in terms of the passion of the battle. But this is the book in which the Adju Colwell was first published and also a list of indentures from an inflection of British Library done for the violence feeder. We've got to remember that these antiquarians did not look at the original documents in the National Archives. They couldn't. There wasn't a National Archives. The book was very chaotic and therefore they used other forms of material. Joseph Hunter, a little later in the century, in 1850, started looking at the actual archives in the cataloging room. So what we've got to remember is reliance on anti-glorian copies of things, which is a bit of a problem. The French started getting interested in their battle participants with René Beauval in the 1860s as an example that he puts in the names of those known to be young family history. So the rest of it was published in France, but it was later in the day. And there was a plan also around that time to have a chapel, a memorial chapel attached to the church. We would see here the same sort of spirit, with the coats of arms of those who would probably much easier for us to know who was there on the French side. There isn't a memorial. There was a calvair built in the 1870s there, but we'll give you more about that in a minute. And then finally the monument put up in the 1960s there included this because the French interest in individuals is strong. Just to the left hand side is a little more a lot of Fougere, Christophe Givier from the Sontes d'Orif, Christophe a lot of work. Just to say a thing about it here, because he was Provost March, he was responsible for discipline, the battle, and therefore he's become great interest to the gendarmery in France and was one of the people we know was taken to a local church for a burial or she believed that on a street fact and he's dug up in the 1930s and then he's being re-buried in the national gendarmery monument at Versailles. So there are similarities I'm not saying it's an entirely British tradition but I hope you've got the messages that I'm going to say is that Agil has reinvented in the late 16th to the 19th, 17th centuries. We have Shakespeare and Drayton that was the poetic manifestation of that. We've got these holes visitations of the stories that were developed, poems of arms developed that point. It continues after that that there is really a hard point for the invention of magic.