 I'm Adrian Monck. I'm managing a board member of the World Economic Forum, which is proud to support this summit. One of the things that we're most interested in at the forum is this concept of the fourth industrial revolution. What does it mean? Whenever we present it to people, they tend to think of the engineering dimension. Felly mae'n gweithio ar y trofodraeth, mae'n gweithio ar y linellau cyfnodau. Mae'n gweithio ar rogots yn gofynu. Felly mae'n gweithio arall. Ond mae'r gwent bod yma'r pethau ymlaen o'r revolution yn ei cyfnodd. Yn ymdraeth gyda'r ffordd maen nhw o gyllidau cwmfynuol yn ymdraeth yma, yn yr un o'r wnaethau, ac mae'n cael ei wneud ymdraeth Ie ddod y gallu ei cyfnodd o'r cyfnodd phobl? Ie'r cyfnodd yn ei gyfnodd... ... sy'n cefnodd, ac mae'r cyfnodd newydd sy'n cefnodd... ... yn cyfnodd cyfnodd a'r cyfnodd cyfnodd... ... ac mae'r cyfnodd yn enw. Dyna'r ddweud a'r cyfnodd yn ei ffrwng o'r gweithio'r sefyll. Felly, yn unig ysgol yw'r fanthasig panel. Spu Niko. Niko e'n ei ffrwng yn profesiol o'r meddiol labn... .. ..but also an incredible digital artist. Inoku, who is a leading digital artist here in Japan. I don't know those of you who saw the pictures coming in, that's some of the work his creative team do. We're going to be seeing a little bit in a few minutes of some of the work that Inoku and his team have got up to. Jennifer Carrera. Jennifer is involved in helping young people build communities using technology, using platforms to create new chances for young people to get together and make an impact. Lastly, James Condo, who apart from being probably the person I know with the most followers on twitter in Japan, is also a professor, businessman and digital thinker. And so I think we've got a fantastic panel for you this afternoon. But it doesn't end there. Audiences are where secret wells of knowledge lie. So you all are going to be involved in this session. I want all of you to think about what you want to ask these folks up here on the platform. But I'm going to start by introducing, letting our panelists say a little bit about their thoughts on this. But really, Niko, I want to start with you, because without technology, probably, you wouldn't have gotten your first big breaks in our. Is that right? Exactly. And it's weird, but nihongo de shaverimasu ne, minna sann o ie. And we have any Japanese in the audience, so allow me to speak in Japanese. Yes, exactly. Well, first, when I was still the student on YouTube, I showed my work and it became a big topic and people at the museum saw this. And also from YouTube, YouTube let me to exhibit my work at the art museum. So without digital, I don't think that this would have been happened. In that respect, the young artists and for students also, digital gives an extremely large amount of opportunities compared to the past. And in translation, I always laugh about two minutes after the joke arrived, because the translator is actually doing a fantastic job. I know it's super hard in those boots and thank you so much. But yeah, in case you think it's not because I'm a weirdo, I'm generally getting the joke after you're getting it. James, I want to come to you next because just starting out, we're talking about younger generations, but the work you're doing is really looking at the way technology is going to influence not just young people, but all generations and particularly even older people. Can you explain a little bit more about how some of the things coming down the line are going to impact us generationally? Because let's be honest. I mean, for all of us here, we're all growing up digital. Ten years ago, I had no access to a smartphone. Now it's a massive part of my life, even if my children don't use it to talk to me. But it is what drives all of our interactions. So how are you seeing in what you're doing technology reshaping our digital space and interactions? So one thing, the big theme I think that all of us have to be thinking about is how humans and machines work together, and whether machines will replace humans or machines will help humans to do better things. And one of the observations we have is different societies have different ways of addressing it. So if we pick autonomous driving, and so I just came out of a meeting in Napa in Silicon Valley around different car technology companies, some of them want to replace drivers. And that's where most of the discussion is, autonomous driving. But I was also speaking to Gil Pratt, who heads Toyota's autonomous driving, and he has this concept, guardian angel. So for the elderly who always actually love the independence and autonomy of driving, it's actually discouraging to say you don't have to drive anymore. They actually want to continue to drive, but you want to help them drive more safely and more accurately in the way that they want to drive. So the car can actually, he's calling it the guardian angel, become a guardian angel that keeps the elderly safe, and maybe make that person drive much more safely, much more accurately than that person ever could as a single human being. And we can extend that to everything that we do in our lives where we can actually be helped by machines to be a better human being. We can train the machines to create a society that allows humanity to be better. And I think we have basically a choice where I think many people are scared of what machines can do and the fact that machines may replace all the jobs. But I think there is a huge possibility that's open, and particularly for I think societies like Japan, or when we think about people who may have some disadvantage, the machine can actually, through human machine collaboration, create a world that we always wanted to create. That's very encouraging, I think. It's specifically given some of the fears that people have over the way that technological interaction is going to take place. Jennifer, your work helping young people connect across cultures, across geographies to create new kind of links on digital platforms. And 20 years ago, I think, Don Tapscott wrote growing up digital. So in a sense, they've already grown up digital. This is the stuff coming out of what they've learned and what you've seen working with them that kind of shows you where we're going in the next five to 10 years with technology and with this digital culture. When I think about the power of technology, what I see, and especially the generation that was sort of born into a digital world with the web, is interconnectedness, people connecting with one another. And I've really tried to, in my work and the organization that I started 16 years ago as a teenager, try to create technologies to promote community involvement and also connectedness across cultures. And so when I think about the emergence of so many platforms, social platforms, social media platforms, that allow for an incredible amount of connectedness, I both feel hopeful about the possibilities while at the same time the dangers of divide are actually heightened because of a lack of understanding and the skill sets to be able to really engage with people who come from completely different world views. They're not really in place. And our education systems are not necessarily embracing the possibilities of these types of technologies for a real social good, for that social impact and community connectedness locally, nationally and globally. And I was very inspired just now coming from the session on Aikido because it talked about the concept of oneness. And that's something I think we should aspire for when we think about technology and humanity. Enoch, you've, we're now in a classic kind of post-modern situation where with machine translation, we ought to be maybe a couple of years from me being able to speak to you and hear you direct almost. And in fact, I think there's now some phone technologies where apparently that can happen. Although if I look at the way my auto correct works, I'm not convinced I want to put my life on technology right now. But we're using a very tried and tested method using real people to help translate our conversation. Um, to what extent has the technology so far, this last 20 years, this explosion that we've seen helped you as an artist to co-create work, to draw on bigger networks of people, to involve more folks in your artistic endeavours and enterprises. And maybe we can see a little bit of a film so we can know the kind of things that you do. So maybe we can play that now. Are we going to have a movie? So I am creating art using technology. So technology has been changing people and society. Put it simply, how it changed is that the real-time interactive and non-language interaction became possible. For example, even now interactive reaction and by selecting other pictures and the arts, probably that would be the modern people's communication. But today we won't be able to use that format. So that's the reason why we cannot do the different things. So I think we need to think about the different format. But the space itself, the space that changes with interactive and real-time, where I'm creating that with art and how that would affect the people. The space itself, if that changes in interactive and real-time, then totally different other people, others are present. Well, the space itself, due to the presence of the others, the space would change to interactive and then if that changes is positive, then one would be able to have a different view on the others. I'm sure that you won't be able to get what I'm trying to say here, but to put it simply, if you go in front of the Mona Lisa and then if you see a lot of the people seeing that picture, then you would think that the others around you is something that you would like to get rid of. But the reason why you think is that the Mona Lisa itself won't change with the presence of the others. But if the Mona Lisa changes with the presence of the others and if the space that you are in would change, say that if the space or the Mona Lisa becomes beautiful because of the third party's presence, although it's not the third party's willingness, but if that space or the Mona Lisa changes due to that third person, then I think that their presence will become very valuable. So going back to my original point, the space itself can change to the space where it is going to be interactive in real time and can change with a non-language kind of a world. Then the people in the same space, their relationship can be changed as well. So under this perspective, I'm creating my arts. Gau, ima higien o communication. Inoko-san is talking about non-linguistic communication and therefore this kind of lost in translation space and I think it is because of that that I think this non-linguistic communication has a great value. I think it was about last year and there was this Japanese hostage of hostages which were taken captive by the Islamic terrorists and these terrorists captured them and showed their images on the internet. And first the Japanese were all scared and surprised, but then on the internet, well, do you know this Grand Prix where they criticized ISIS and they started to collage the images of ISIS and put in some Dragon Ball features and this image cutting a melon. I thought that this was indecent. The people first criticized this, but with these collage of animation characters, it appeared on the internet and I was surprised, but then BBC and the French media started to say that these slums were spreading terror. They were people who were killing these people, but the animation fans, using this non-linguistic communication, they have tried to wipe out the terror of the Islamics and they made the Islamic ISIS look stupid and this was applauded. And I thought that was interesting this war of non-linguistic communication and this Grand Prix, I was following this Grand Prix video and there was this very interesting communication on the internet. Well, it was these boys in the high school and they were uploading the images and then the Islamic terrorists through Twitter, they tweeted these students and using pictures, they expressed their intention saying, we're going to kill you. Well, there were these and they had this knife picture and then this student said, who cares and I want to show the pictures on the screen. Yes, as you say, communication is interactive and has real time and non-linguistic, but this meeting is linguistic. You can't talk in this sort of format anymore. That's what I wanted to say to you. Yes, this place, supposing that I were trying to express myself here on the screen with non-linguistic expressions, I wouldn't have to sit here and say these things, but these intellectuals, they think that language is everything and they say they have to prepare the images beforehand. Excuse me. I mean, I'm repeating myself, but interactive real time non-linguistic communication should be the key and that's why we cannot have any conversation using language. I'm sure you won't understand me. It's not me to blame. It's this format that's wrong and this intelligent woman is agreeing with me. I'm really happy about that. It's not me who's the bad guy. It's not my fault. This, this is it. Yes, I wish to be going to show this. I really appreciate the power of images to transform and interactive spaces and I just wanted to share, we have this online global gallery, taking it global and we've worked with adobe tools to train children in over 50 countries around the world to use these tools, these creative tools to create visual messages, images about issues, serious issues that they're facing in their communities and then they post their images online and then we work with teachers using just the images to understand the voices from so many countries and I think that the work that you do to create these interactive spaces highlights the sense of agency, the role of the participant as a co-creator in the experience and we need to share that more because with social technology I think most are passive and I think it's important for everyone to realise that each individual plays an important part of the collective experience so this is a great metaphor, the work that you do. I mean, James, one of the things that struck me thinking about what growing up digital means is it means growing up with words. The first iteration of the web was all about words. It was email, it was text, you look at webpages, they didn't have a picture on them for many years and still a lot of them didn't. Now we seem to be in a transition phase where it's all about pictures, even down to texting, you don't even text OK, you just do a thumbs up and we can see that people are using images in India, sexual assault victims are using Snapchat to hide their faces but tell their stories. So this kind of visual level of communication, how do you think that's going to unfold in the coming year? So I was at Twitter for five years, I just left in December but one of the interesting stats we saw across Twitter, Facebook and others is that you get about five times more engagement if you have a picture compared to a great set of words and then if you have an image there's typically ten times. More engagement and so it was very obvious as we were running the platform that the words, even though you can tell great beautiful poetry with a few words, an image is worth a thousand words and Twitter can only do 140 words characters and then the video is so much more powerful. I guess one of the issues that we do have to think about is if we compare the people who are producing versus people who are consuming, the ratio goes down significantly. So with words, we started with a pretty high ratio that anyone who's consuming can just say a few things back. With pictures, I think Instagram made a huge contribution where everyone felt like they could post beautiful pictures but still it's a much lower ratio. Many more people produce pictures than people consume pictures than actually produce them. When it comes to videos, even in Snapchat, it is still not the case that everyone can produce really fun videos and that's I think one of the challenges that we're seeing and connected to what Jennifer's saying if we need a communicating one world, we need a place where people can both consume but feel that they can contribute and co-create things together and I think maybe the intellectual world has built a world where people can write and read all together. For pictures, I think that is an emerging field for videos. I think the younger generation and if we're talking about generation they're much much better obviously at creating videos and conversing in videos and images but whenever we have this dichotomy between consumption and production it creates a social divide and also one thing we found out which is very interesting is when we look at production and consumption by sex for example in India we found that that was the country where the men produced much more than women but of about 100 countries it was the place where production was dominated by men whereas women were mostly consuming content and so whether you cut it by religion, age other characteristics what we'd like to see is really a place where you can consume and produce and also co-create together and that's different by media and I think because video is so powerful if we can get to a co-production, co-consumption co-creation model in a video I think it will be a very different world. Just to get a sense from our audience and maybe it will tell us something about our age structure how many people here are on Instagram and Snapchat okay so people who are not looking like they're my age um that's good to know and um for whom is Instagram and Snapchat I've just said two things and you don't think you've ever heard them before we all know where they are yeah that's good do you see a night as old as my you know my brother and the rest of my family who have no idea what these tools are apart from mechanisms devised by young people to keep them out of their lives so I'm going to ask you guys in the audience to come up with some questions for our panel in a moment can I just get a sense of looking around who's got something that they've got on their mind they've come in wanting to quiz the folks here on someone at the front there anyone else you're a very well behaved non-interactive group of participants you know I don't know how you get these guys to create at the moment we'll have to warm them up a little bit for you I guess one of the things I wanted to pursue further to what you were talking about is as people grow up digital and become creators as James was saying to what extent does the role of the artist kind of shift because we're used to the Mona Lisa example where you're very good with pain you paint something beautiful no one else can do what you can do but now with the way the technology is looking a lot of people can do what artists traditionally can do what's the barrier or what's the relationship between artists now and Niko maybe you too has that fundamentally changed are we still in a kind of old-fashioned place where we've given you permission to be the artist and therefore you can be artistic on our behalf and just maybe involve us from time to time can I answer first yes well um you're very kind yes I'm kind well um well um you intend to think that everyone can become a creator because they are the tools well that may be true but that does not mean that everyone wants to become a creator because I am called a social media artist and there is this tool Twitter that people say I often use but I'm too busy every day that I only say I'm tired when I tweet but my husband who's 23 years older than me he's not the digital aid but he's reporting his work on the Facebook once every two days I don't do those things so the social media trying to upload content well the Instagram too well I do do Instagram but although I'm an artist I feel have this pressure that have to upload these beautiful pictures and I don't want people to take away my creativity every time I upload a single beautiful picture so um everyone well assuming that everyone wants to be creative and upload these beautiful pictures no I think that's wrong then what sort of people should be uploading such contents I am looking into the United States for example for example the white policemen are shooting these black African Americans who are unarmed and there are demonstrations occurring but this may not have happened even in the past but these videos they are those people who have taken these videos and uploading them on Facebook and this situation immediately comes to be known by many many people and also the well in India the lady with a snapshot guiding her face I'm trying to make this appeal so rather than saying that it's enjoyable there are these people forced to upload these information to appeal to a larger audience and I think this is more meaningful we have to focus more on these types of content creators I think that these are the people who really count I'm an artist but there was mentioned about Mona Lisa and these are things that only an artist quote unquote can create and these days anyone can draw pictures like that but just behalf you you have tools you can't do it without ideas you have to have ideas but because there are these tools those people who have a message to communicate for example the African Americans or the Indians can use this tool to communicate now you might not be able to call them artists but they have a message that they want to communicate these are people with the message and I do feel that for these people this technology and growing up digital has possibilities so it's your turn now well so this is more like art but I found your what you have just mentioned is quite interesting because before internet the social problems was hidden and probably artists might be the only ones that sort of reveals that partially to the society as a whole and that was the very important role that artists were serving in the past but I'm not saying that that importance is gone now but actually the majority of the work the general people using the internet that black American incident was quite the common thing but that tool by periferating that tool is a suficing that need but because of the excessive use of the tool is happening if you go and see the internet then you would find that that there are too many problems around the world and even if you go to the twitter so you would find that a lot of the problems in the world and the complaints and bad things only that you can find there so artists maybe may need to focus on the positive side of the people or the hope of the people maybe artists needs to have the people experience that I was lost in translation I was trying to explore a little bit and maybe Jennifer can help with this is the relationship between the creator and the participant or the co-creator and what does that mean for these people growing up with these tools not just that anyone can make it because you're right I mean anyone can make a lot of things using digital equipment but having the talent, the vision and the artistry is maybe a different matter but how does who moderates that relationship and how does it change us and I guess Jennifer from your work with young people how does do relationships actually change do you see new relationships forming or new types of relationship forming because technologies allowed us to go to places we haven't previously been able to go just as a point on the role of the artist to showcase the positive I think that is very important and key to bridging relationships that go beyond let's say the people that you might immediately know like your immediate family or friends I'm actually very concerned about how much content people are capturing online that is tragic like focused on tragedies I think there's a role if you're recording something if you're trying to highlight a human rights abuse to maybe restore human rights but a lot of people are focusing so much on capturing let's say the abuses and the problems that we're not seeing enough content about solutions and I actually gave a keynote at a conference with high school students in Canada I'm Canadian by the way and I asked how many of you see on your feed like let's say your Facebook feed stories about different tragedies that are going on in the world so therefore you feel more aware about the world so everyone's hands went up how many of you feel that you can do something about these issues and almost all of the hands went down and for me that's very scary that's a scary society where people feel a paralysis like they have nothing that they can do when there indeed is so much that people can do and a lot of problems in the world are rooted in conflict rooted in misunderstanding people not understanding the other or maybe even not understanding themselves so then how can technology help us to better know ourselves and to better know one another and I think that when we look at the companies that are producing new technologies they're producing to an end that would ultimately be a commercial end and it's not necessarily as as deep in their reflection to really I mean I'm not trying to criticise technology companies but a lot of products are built without the clear focus of promoting cultural understanding and James I mean is your sense that people are becoming spectators I mean with your five years in Twitter you know is engagement just consuming this content or are you seeing a relationship between people both consuming content and organising around issues or organising to address some of these political points that Inoka and Niko and Jennifer have mentioned I agree with what Jennifer said there is a I think there is a limit to what commercial companies can do so when Twitter went public one of the best things that the company did was to donate money to the media lab and create a new lab because I think you know people in companies have a good intentions to serve public good but if it becomes a trade-off between returns for the investor versus something better we may make a different choice and so I think that university setting and giving all the data and technology to do something was really helpful the other thing we understood was that technology today is very good at being ad hoc and disruptive so if you want to destroy something I think technology can be very very effective if you want to be systematic and constructive most of the social technologies are not built for that purpose it is built to get in front of someone and spread something very fast but not necessarily to create a dialogue or to build something which is very very different you know you need a different design thinking to build something carefully and so I think that's something that may take time it may not be the most money-making idea but I think our society lacks it just one example because we were talking about pictures there's actually a lot of gas emissions around the world many pipes are broken and many gases are emitted in oil rigs but nobody has an incentive to repose it so many people actually are taking pictures when gas wells are broken to say okay there's gas emitted and so that's one type of social participation we're now in the media lab that's actually a neighbour to Sputnikosans we're building a machine with environmental agency to take a satellite image of all the pipes around the world to actually using filters estimate emissions and the machine is quite powerful using artificial intelligence to be able to actually real-time monitor gas emissions all around the world so that is a constructive machine that is systematically measuring the entire problem and potentially providing solutions now the individual person who was taking pictures it was doing that apart to maybe motivate people to build that system but I think what we need now is technologists with a humanitarian not profit motive building machines that can actually systematically constructively solve these problems so it's not just enough for people to be sharing this stuff we actually need to put some systems in place yeah I think that the posting is really helpful like we wouldn't even know that there was an issue but you know for example the police example you know we're also talking to the White House about okay now there's so many cameras in America that's actually taking pictures of the police interaction how do we take those individual pictures of which there's now gigantic video loads and then do systematic pattern analysis so we can actually need to system change that needs a very different kind of engagement I think that's where we need to go let me just turn to our audience and see if we can get them to interact I'm going to look the lady on the first row who had her hand up and lady there in the middle and can you just tell us who you are when you ask your question I'll make your point thank you dear please I'm Masuka from Japan you kind of already asked my question that I was really wanting to ask but maybe to put it further what would be the role of artists and especially regarding the innovation or the future of Japan what would be the role of artists and my second question would be what would how can art and or maybe also with the fact of digital be have a good effect on mental health problems that people have and let's just hear from the lady if we came behind as well thanks yes my name is Lola Baklar I'm a young global leader from Saudi Arabia and my question to the panel and especially to Jennifer who works with youth is really concerning growing up digital and concerning how to bring up very young children who are growing up in this digital age so I mean how do you strike a balance between the digital and the classical some might argue that for example penmanship or even writing if itself is a dying art why teach them writing when they can type on a keyboard why teach them human interaction when they're going to be spending 95% of their time on social media so you know my question is how do you strike a balance and what is the important of you know thinking about it from not just what how their future is going to be but also how today's world is and lastly gentlemen just behind you if you can pass this is very convenient you're all asking questions and so on sorry, I'm asking a question in Japanese my question is that the precondition of a social media is that it looks as if that you're assuming that the people or the society is the other side of the social media but what I think recently is that for those people I'm communicating using the Twitter is a bot that's my fear because more than half of my life or even going forward probably 90% of my life or even some people the start of the birth if they start the communication then probably the fact that they are communicating with the known people would be greater so even if you upload a picture on a Facebook to whom that picture is to be shown will be decided by algorithm so if that is going to happen then how the people can communicate going forward what is your opinion well I think they call it okay I'm going to start with our artists and just the first question one I think looking at the implications of this sort of digital revolution for art in Japan and two this question about people's health and their mental health and cannot help make a difference and can it do something using some of the tools you've been talking about so your first question how art can change the future of Japan or the future of the world let me answer that first yes so one thing is that my friend Rokudenashiko she's a female artist and she scanned the sexual organ and then she 3D printed and then she was arrested by Japanese police because that is not permitted under the law and she was arrested and I'm helping her and I'm creating this opinion paper and in order to have her released or not in Japan it's very complex but what she has printed is that the reason why she was arrested is because she gave the sexual organ data to someone else so I have to mention that what she has mentioned that data is artistic I have to prove that it is artistic and that process itself actually is the dark side of police and I think that itself is revealing this darkness that the police has as well as the perception that people have against the sexual organs and interesting thing is that Mofa's world assembly for women and I'm the advisor member and this conference a politician will come and also and Mrs Abe and came as well and the various NPO and famous people come and they will talk about the future of female and I think this kind of a serious meeting is very important there might be some learnings that we can have but when the people come from the world not only the serious issues but artist has this power of revealing the world from the extreme perspective so we should be thinking and discussing about the art in that world conference as well so it's the power of art because it's almost a very traditional role for art that Inoka was talking about which is that artists push the boundaries of society and they push the boundaries of what's acceptable in terms of maybe conversation in terms of visual portrayal and they need to keep doing that in digital formats as much as they do in you know with oil paintings you know if you think about the French impressionists going and painting pictures of people in brothels or painting pictures of dancers who weren't considered to be proper society so it's really interesting that example which I remember I didn't realise that it resulted in imprisonment which is In Japan I'm glad you're doing something about it but Inoka can I bring you in a little bit on that question about art and what its role can be for Japan because I think that's a very powerful example of what art needs to keep doing and there are other boundaries in society here or other areas where it can make a difference I think there are different roles but through art I think people's standard of beauty will change of course there are different roles to be played by art but for me I think I'm changing the standard of what is considered to be beautiful beauty would change and I think that is important for humans change their standard what they think is beautiful and start to act I don't know but what you're wearing well it's based on rational thinking and what's not really based on rational thinking it's very irrational thinking that you chose what you're wearing today at least it's irrational the standard that you're using and as a result you think that you look good in that clothes and so you're wearing it but once you're standard of what you think is beautiful changes the society standard changes and as a result the people's people will be influenced to a certain extent and their behaviour will also change so I think shifting the standard of beauty will make people change their behaviour and another thing is basically thinking about things changing values you think in non-linguist terms might be that having a standard which will enable you to think in non-linguistic terms will be important because if you think in just words and try to communicate only with words well I think this is a very low intellectual level well even with a computer the linguistic information is low level I mean for example you have video first file and text is only about eight bytes so that's how low level of intelligence it is and in that domain you're trying to communicate of course because that domain has developed to an extreme people take for granted that they think in such terms but I think we also have to have a trigger to let people think non-linguistically I think such a trigger will be important I guess and we might need to think about how we bring people up and that is a good Q Jennifer for you on another huge issue that people have with this culture is that should we immerse people in it are there bits of it we should protect them from or should we ration it in some way and not give access to it at all keep with the kind of classical techniques that we've seen bringing bringing kids up as your experience with working with young people giving you any insight on that you know and it's interesting because when I started the work that I'm doing I was focusing on teenagers and over the past five years I've been working so much more closely with kindergarten teachers who are trying to figure out what to focus on with young children and I think the number one most important skill if you might call it a skill would be the skills of empathy whatever tools we might be using to understand one another and also to look at conflict resolution from that very young age you know you talk about maybe sharing between two and four they're learning how to to share maybe we learn how to share for the rest of our lives but these types of skills also then link to when we when we think about issues of mental health there's a lot of growing anxiety among youth today a lot of depression we've even seen instances of people taking their own lives as a result of extreme bullying online and how young people don't necessarily have the skills not just if you're a victim of bullying but in fact the most important role is if you're a bystander which is the majority you know you have someone who is the bully someone who is being bullied and then all of these people who are witness to it and so how do we navigate these skills to work through these situations because citizens all all people of all ages we need to be able to step in very constructively to protect one another to protect ourselves but also to protect and care for one another and I just wanted to make one point about the role of the artist because I think that the role of the artist is to help us see and to understand ourselves both as we are but also to ignite the imagination of who we can be Thanks chef and I want to bring you in on this issue that I think is especially with presidential elections in the United States and Brexit and some of the other things going on in the world are we in danger of living this digital life in our own comfort bubble so that we're only getting confirmatory information we're only hearing from people who share our beliefs and backgrounds we're not opening ourselves up to this more difficult or counter community So it actually connects to the comment that was made about who are we speaking to and interestingly when I was working in a platform company we would be criticised for our algorithms that are feeding what people want to hear and there was almost an assumption that platform companies are somehow making you do something that you shouldn't be doing but actually platform companies are just commercial companies so they just give you what you want to see and so we just keep on increasing things that you spend more time on which tends to be actually positive messages from people you like and actually humans innately find it quite difficult to be criticised by people you don't even know and so if you keep on running an algorithm of basically getting you to spend time on the platform you get surrounded by comfortable people around you and the algorithm is it's just a result of your preference not the algorithmic driving you to do something different so I think one piece that I have is that we need to recognise our own bias if we see on Twitter or Facebook that we only see a certain point of view it's not that the platform is just giving you something that you don't want you're actually having a preference to actually choose those things that the machine is now really expanding on and so I actually had to work very hard to follow extreme right wing tweets during the US election because I actually was not being exposed to those things the other thing that I will mention is one thing that I think is really needed is it's actually a machine we're building at the media lab around US elections which is really to understand people who are socially weaker you know one of the things that we really found in brexit and the US presidential election is that the people who are in power who are connected to very powerful media are very very condescending of people who are for example today may be supporting Trump in America and they have a very simple narrative which goes something like these people are not educated they're often unemployed they may not know about the world and therefore they are very insecure and maybe even racist and supporting a very terrible candidate but the reality is that 70% of Americans have not seen their income rise in the last 20 years so it's most of the people who have real problems about healthcare, education, livelihood etc and they're not the fringe people but we don't actually have a machine to understand those people and also to Jennifer's point build an empathy around their real-life issues so we're actually pulling all of social and digital data that's available to try to understand these segments in a way that is visible to us and also makes us realise in a fine position here and there's a large maybe 70% of the population who are in a different bucket that there are alternate views and that I am kind of living in this very small area but somehow visualising this entire world so that we know where we are and also protect us from this cocoon effect that you're talking about We're running out of time so probably time for one last quick question Drew, I'm going to turn to you right there so it'll probably be a very brief word from each of our panellists So I think thank you so much for this great panel I think there's many benefits from art technology, collaborations Artists will take a technology a.k.a a tool and they will bend it to a new purpose that it was never intended for and they will infuse that technology with humanity Artists help push boundaries and they think about what doesn't exist yet Artists don't start with what are the tools that I have and then go from there Artists generally say I have a vision How do I get there do the tools yet exist So my question to the artist is what is a technology that does not yet exist yet that you're dreaming of that you would like to use in your art So it doesn't exist yet but you can imagine it and it's something that you would like to use as a tool in your art That is a tough question I'm feeling sorry for the artist now Yeah I don't really actually Well there aren't that many of such things Well of course there might be some small things that you would like to have but it's not that bigger thing You know when in Minority Report when Tom Cruise does this kind of stuff and you think wow you know how are we going to do that is there anything that you kind of think I just saw that I so want that to happen Well probably there isn't anything any specific technology that would directly have an impact on art It's not because we have these tools that we create certain art We have this vision and it happens that these are tools that are available to us who pick up one to achieve that vision but but sometimes I think watching Pepper that robot I talk with my girlfriends and I hear them saying I might not be able to get married and they're worried about becoming alone but if Pepper were to be developed and when we grow old it might be that the robots would be your friend and then you wouldn't have to worry about getting married so I think that this might be a solution to what is being discussed by my girlfriends and I think that solitude the thinking of solitude isolation or if you can have eternal life and well of course you have to pledge to be eternally married to that person and then you get worried I mean if you have eternal life you have to stick with this guy for your eternal life so if technology makes you immortal then things would change to people and then art will change but there isn't anything that I really want any sort of technology I want I'm not answering your question I'm sorry I don't know I don't know I don't know right to dogs dogs yeah oh because it's a rival yeah exactly I can see dogs going to war with robots not humans yes this lovely old lady and she has lots of cats with her so this might be replaced by robots I understand any anything that you've seen that you can just see okay that's around the corner that's the technology I want I mean you're already playing with so much technology from those videos ddent eh ddaw no the reason why I say no is it something to answer the questions from the audience that might be a technology that all of us need on this panel that's relevant to art time so I want to thank all of our panellists and all of you for being part of this session this afternoon I think there's two takeaways for me one is that I think maybe not growing up digital is going to be important but growing up visual is going to be important in the decades to come and also growing up outside our bubble or as James put it our cocoon I think if we can avoid that and if we can get a little bit more visual intelligence to go along with our verbal intelligence then maybe we'll be able to exploit some of these fantastic new tools to make even more exciting things so on behalf of you I'm going to thank all of our panellists and and thanks to you too