 I have gone through some submissions, fairly well written I have taken out some four printouts, what I will be doing is the following. So, this is a surprise presentation test you may call it, I will pick out some submissions randomly and invite those people to come here and speak on what they have written. Since they have written whatever they have written very recently it should be reasonably fresh in their mind. So, they should be able to state that it is not expected that you should repeat exactly what you have written that is not required at all. You might like to tell it as a short story. So, you just have to tell your summary and your critique roughly what you have written of course, I will have the advantage of reading what you have written. This is not an examination. So, if at all you do not match anything that you have stated, but use your own words to express yourself is ok. Very obviously, this is not going to be an example of a prepare presentation. A prepared presentation is one in which you spend time you rehearse what you want to speak at home and then come and make a presentation. So, this is more like an impromptu conversation. The idea here is to remind ourselves that while formally we would be making very many prepared presentations, there are routine occasions in life in fact more than the occasions for formal presentations where in informal discussions you communicate your ideas, your thoughts to others. And the point is even in that informal communication you should generally attempt to be as effective as you are when you are prepared to speak. So, this is an example not all of us would be able to do that. Some of us are good short storytellers, some others are reticent and speak very little, but the idea is to open up and try to say things. So, treat this as a sort of short storytelling session. I will time you, you are not limited. Generally try to limit yourself in about 3 to 5 minutes because to read one page actually will take less than 5 minutes, but since you would have the advantage of having your own page in your hand, you would be reciting from memory. Since I am going to pick up people randomly, I will give you a few minutes to think and recall what you have written and what you have seen. So, that you are ready for that. Is that ok? So, about 2 or 3 minutes. I must also tell you that I am glad on one more for one more reason. Today I found a lot more people physically present at 9.30 in the class. So, things are improving I suppose. There are still occasions like our friends are just walking in. You had a class? 8.30 lecture? Oh, you had? Not bad. And what about him? He is looking somewhere else. You also had a lecture? No. About 12 years ago in one of my classes, I had put a box outside. Any late comer had to put in a 10 rupee note inside in order to attend the class. And that money was distributed to people who came early and that that was so effective. Very soon I had zero money in the box and all students in the class. But that is not a very, I mean that that is that is a very sadistic way of doing things. I would rather see that happening voluntarily. All right. So, should I pick out everybody is ready or those who have come in just late. The idea is I will pick up randomly some submissions and those people will have to come here and present their summary and their critique in their own words in 3 to 5 minutes. And those who cannot remember exactly what they have written it is ok, but treat it as a short storytelling session about what you felt about the TED talk that you saw. By the way, how was the exercise? Does everybody feel that you actually benefited by looking at or reading a lecture or listening to a lecture? So, those lectures are good, right? There are 1500 of them. And before beginning these presentation sequences, I would like to tell you one more thing which is quite important from both the technical writing and reading point of view. You see because of the net the amount of overload of information is so much and it is realisably so much. Earlier also if you went to a good library the total number of books even those on topics in which you have interest would be so many that if you were to read all the books end to end it would take a lifetime. Today even if you want to browse through some of the material it may take a lifetime. Now, that creates a problem as I had once mentioned and if you do a Google search you get how many hits 100,000, 40,000, 30,000 answers. And what do you read? The answers on the first page. How many of you go to the second and third page of a Google search? Not bad. How many of you read through entire set of first 15 pages? Nobody. So, you see Google search is so much Google is now determining what we should read. You understand that? There is nothing wrong with it. Google is not particularly a bad intention group, but it is not a well intention group either. In fact, it does not know what exactly I want. It is just looking at a query typically written in a telegraphic English to find out something and give it to you. You are all comprehensive students so you would be familiar with the notions of page ranking and web search and so on. Have you done a course? Shaman's course, how many of you are doing? Only two. My God. Nobody is interested in searching for information useful he looks like. Or maybe that course is not offered in the first year. Is that a first year course? I am surprised. Does Shaman teach only two students? It is not possible. How many students are there in that course? Seven zero. One seven. So, the remaining 15 are not doing this course. Anyway, the point I am making is there is an overdose of information and typically what happens psychologically is when I do a Google search for example, 90 percent of the time I would read through the first set of responses that I get and I will open up something and read it. And because it comes from the great web, I will assume that that is complete and correct information. Even people who read Wikipedia, now Wikipedia is actually a reasonably filtered set of information. You go to a topic, there is actually a write up, there are some references and so on. So, let me ask you another question. How many of you have read Wikipedia articles on any technical topic? All of you? Some time or the other. Now, how many of you have gone to the references cited in the Wikipedia article and read all references? So, please understand this. Whenever somebody produces a summary of anything like you have done, the summary is based in this case it is based on a single talk. The single talk itself is based on heavy research that the speaker would have done, but scientific method demands that the speaker or in case of technical writing, the authors list the reference sources. So, you have data and information which is summarized in the form of Wikipedia articles, but you have primary data sources which are listed there and many times those primary data sources turn out to be not primary, they themselves depend upon something else. This is particularly hazard as when you are looking at historical, it says historical reviews, because history is replete with views which are so contradictory, opinions which are so contradictory and facts stated as facts which are so contradictory. That is why scientific method demands that all of us go and look at the primary sources of information. So, just one hand whenever you look at Wikipedia article, particularly when you wish to cite a Wikipedia article in any of your writing, do ensure that you look at at least some of the primary sources behind the Wikipedia article and confirm to yourself that what is written in that article is a reasonable reflection of the facts and opinions mentioned in that primary source that is required. So, by now you would have reversed as a background processing mode, you would have rehearsed whatever you have written. So, let me pick out some random samples. So, the first person I invite is Prakash Kumar Verma. The basic of this state talk was how leaders inspire action. So, means why some leaders are so different, why do they attract so much attention, so much audience, why do some organization are so successful, so so innovative that every product they launch crowd go after them, because they think differently, they think very different from others. All successful organization, all successful people are very different, but very same, they are very different from other crowd which are not very successful, but very same with those people who are very successful. They think they think same way, they communicate the same way that is very different from others who are not so successful. Most of the people think that think and market as what we make, how we make, we never know why we make, why we make something, why we make something, but great leaders, great organizations, they they do not they do not think about means audience want this or the market need this, they make something because they believe what we are making, this will change the world, this will change the course, this will change the course of the world, like with we can take the example of apple, means world neighbor, means crowd never wanted a smartphone, but they they thought that this device will change the world, this device will change the change everything, it will change how we how we see internet, how we see computers. So, they made product for that. There is one other example, Martin Luther came, the Americans Americans never never came to see him, Martin Martin Luther, Martin Luther announced announced that he will deliver a speech, but that time there was no internet there, then how come how come they know the exact time, exact date and gathered in such a massive number. They came because they came because they think what Martin Luther means, means thinking of crowd and thinking of Martin Luther King was same, they did not came there to to see Martin Luther King, they came there because they think what Martin Luther King think. So, this is so this thinking of most phenomenal guys are very different, they they do not think about audience, they do not want to lure audience, they think that this is right, this this should this should happen in society and people who think the same thing they follow them. So, so this this is the gist of whole talk. Thank you Prakash Sharma. I now invite Rinku Shah, she has seen the TED talk on the power of introverts, it is very interesting. Good morning all of you, I am going to talk about the title that is power of introverts, this one is yeah it is a this talk is given by Suzanne Kane and basically the summary on this is like she tries to talk about that intro being an introvert is not being bad, do not feel bad being an introvert. So, what most people think what an introvert is is a person who is very shy is considered to be an introvert. But what she says is introvert is not about shyness, it is about being alone and not being in groups, you do not love being groups, you like to be in yourself itself. So, it is not about shyness, do not try to compare it as a shy person. And then she tries to talk about like what the current scenario is like most of the institutes, schools, workplaces, etcetera they always try to amper the performances of introverts, they try to get extroverts into managerial positions because they think that extroverts are the people who can do better. But she said through an interesting research by Adam Grant, she says that Adam Grant has found out that most introverts turn out to be the best leaders. And the idea behind it is like if you are an extrovert and if you come up with some idea, you try to talk about that idea in front of people and you are so excited about it is just do not listen to everybody else. You think that you are what are you thinking is the best and you try to amper the ideas of the others. Whereas most introverts try to think in their own minds, they keep taking ideas from other people and finally they can come up with good ideas and can become good leaders. That was the basic summary. Then she also talked about that being an introvert is also not the best thing. Extroverts also have their own good qualities. So, at the end she says she summarizes that you have to be to be a social to get a social performance, you have to be somewhere between introvert and an extrovert. So, that was the basic summary of what she said. And the critics on this is like after listening to the video, I guess every introvert gets motivated and gets relieved of the pain of being sidelined by the society. So, that is one good critique on this talk. And secondly if she would have added something about how to reach that balance between the two, then it would have been useful. That is all of the talk. Thank you. Being in life is a perpetual problem. All of us try to achieve it, introvert and extrovert. I hope you understand the point that the speaker has made in the critique that she presented. There is nothing wrong with people who are introverts, there is nothing wrong with people who are extroverts. But just as introverts feel that they are left out and therefore they need to participate and by such participation they only expand their own horizon. That is what the author is saying. But what the author or the speaker has not explicitly stated is the requirement for all extroverts of this world to occasionally sit back and do some introspection. Extroverts very rarely do introspection. Most extroverts turn out to be stubborn. They love their own ideas and they fall in love with themselves. So, that is not a good sign. You need to listen to others. You need to have an open mind and whatever you listen to, you need to reflect upon it back home. So, you see it is not 24 hours that we are in touch with somebody else or the other. Neither for 24 hours we are isolated. Sometimes we are alone. We have our own private space in our room, wherever or we can be alone even in a crowd if we just go into some thinking and sometimes we are forced to be in crowd independent of whether I am an extrovert or introvert. I will have to face both the situations and that is why this balance. In fact, the philosophies of the whole world including the Indian philosophies suggest that the golden mean in any activity is best. Extreme of any kind is not good. Let me invite Pankaj Gayakwar who has written on the topic of a mystery box by J. J. Adams. How many of here have heard the name J. J. Abrams? J. J. Abrams. He is one of the famous Hollywood movies slash series director and he has given the talk on the mystery box. It is about a box given to him by his grandfather when he was some like teenager or something, 5 or 10. Then he always the box always among him what is inside. It was a simple box kind of like this size and he always used to think about what can be inside that box. But he never opened that box because he think that the box is the key to the mystery factor. The mystery factor is the one which leads to the imagination and creativity. The creativity is the factor in the entertainment industry and in design industry. If you think about something or blank annulus consider like this some blank annulus is there and you have no idea what you are going to do. But if you start asking about questions what can be designed, how can be designed, which can be factors that I can represent on a blank annulus. Then your imagination power starts boosting up. So this is the factor he considered for his entire life, for his career. So as we know he is famous suspense slash thriller and mystery creator. All of his movies are based on like mysteries and all. Even if you see one then you will be eager to watch what can be the sequel. And regarding that box it is a simple tenants box. If I keep a box here empty box then how many people can imagine that this box is empty. Hardly 5 or 10 percent think that this box is empty. So the people who think that box is empty they have stopped imagining anything. They cannot imagine that there will be something positive or some good can be in that box. So this is kind of negative people. So they cannot lead their imagination power towards its best. So they can just stop thinking. But if you start imagining something good is in that box and if you keep on trying then many things can possibly fit in that box you can think about. So these are the things which leads to your creativity. And creativity is the key, creativity and curiosity is the key in our overall growth. In education what we are doing we are asking questions about certain phenomena how, what, who, why, when. So these questions come from your mind that what can be inside, what are the factors behind this phenomenon. So like that if you go on keep things in a mystery mind and if you go on exploring on these things then certainly at some point you can come up with good design and become a good designer and creative thinker. As I said there are two interesting aspects. One is sometimes mystery is better than knowledge because it can spawn off a lot of thinking inside. The more important thing is to be imaginative. So you can be imaginative not just about things which are mystical but even otherwise things which are very visible. And being imaginative is what is required to be creative. Good work. So let us go to the next person. I must admit that the next four are not strictly random samples because as the submissions were coming late night I think the flood started around 11.30 in the night, continued. Unfortunately we had forgotten to set the notification flag properly. So I started receiving mails and unfortunately all teachers of that course started receiving mails. So I got a very angry email at 2 o'clock from a teacher saying what is happening. So let me now invite Bharat Botu Kumar. Good morning everybody. So I had written about Maya Penn, a girl who was age 13 and she gave a talk and her talk was available on TED. So the talk begins with an animation that she has herself created and it is about Malicious Dishes. The animation says about Malicious Dishes. So Malicious Dishes is actually a restaurant where there is a customer and the waiter and he gives a menu and that Malicious Dishes, that menu consists of dishes like corrupted data, RAM, all this. It has a list of corrupted data, corrupted RAM, RAM sandwich, sprinkled with corrupted data and like that. So basically what it says is, so then she comes, then after that Maya comes on stage and she begins like, I started drawing since the, since the time I held a crayon. So she likes drawing. So she started drawing since the time she held a crayon and she had made animated flip books since she was 4 and she was inspired to become an animator by a TV series which showed that, showed jobs that most children don't know about. So based on that when she saw that what an animator is, animator, animator makes things that she sees on TV, she was inspired to become an animator. So then she started creating things and her dad taught her how to rip a computer and to join a computer again, reassemble the computer when she was 4. And her journey goes on, she went on to begin, then her trust comes like she wanted to and there were pieces of fabric around her house. She thought, okay, let me join this, let me try to make a ribbon, let me try to make a scarf with whatever fabric that was available in her house and she started sporting those. Some people like the way she dressed and liked the way that she had made pretty things and that made her give an idea, that instigated an idea that let me sell cool stuff, what I make, let me sell it. So she created a website, she learned HTML5 and she created a website in which she sold her pretty things and that website she made when she was 8. By the time she was 10, Forbes magazine contacted her to feature her in their article, in their cover page for being the most successful child. Even though for her business she doesn't know what, she doesn't know the dynamics of business, she doesn't have a business plan and definitely her parents are behind her to support her all through her endeavours. The best thing is like she has, she is environmentally very keen, she is a keen environmentalist and she wanted to give back to the environment. So whatever her proceeds are that comes in through her business, 10 to 20 percent she gives to charities, environmental charities, local and global charities, everything. So she believes in giving back to the society and whatever clothes she makes are all eco-friendly clothes because there is like the so according to her that clothes that we wear, the bleach, the dyes and all spoil the environment and that was the reason she made her clothes line which are eco-friendly. So by the age of 13, now she is 30, when she gave her talk in December 2013, she was 13 years of age and she has a company for, by her, she has a website, she has a clothes line, she has a company, she learns, she is learning python and javascript. So she is just developing herself and anyway she is in a Forbes list. So why I took that was when a 13, a little girl like that can do so much and we are at ages of about 25 and we are still at IIT and you are listening to me. So that's it. And the best part was the parents did not kill her creativity. When she was holding the crayon and when she was trying to make pretty things, her parents did not say, let her be, what she likes, let her follow her heart and they just let it and they never thought that she has done something. It will not go on sale, nobody will sell. So basically what I am trying to say is they did not suppress her, they just let her be. So that was something that I liked. So that's it. Thank you. As I said it's truly an inspirational story. In fact if we look around we'll find such inspirational people amongst ordinary folks that we know. We generally do not try to find out such things but these motivations are extraordinary. The bottom line as he said and is absolutely right is that people so young can do so much then we have a much greater responsibility to do something much more. It is not people who are young who do so much. You will also come across people who come from such humble backgrounds and have struggled so much in life and yet they have achieved extraordinary thing. That kind of thing puts a greater onus on us who are perhaps better looked after thanks to God, thanks to parents, thanks to our own self. We have a greater responsibility to do things. Sometimes there are hazardous mistakes that happen when you write your views. So I'll read out the critic which has written. The talk is inspirational and motivational when a girl of just 13 can accomplish so much and give back to the society it instigates us to take stock of our life. The verb instigate is generally not used in a positive sense. You know you instigate people to do some naughty thing like Raj Thakre instigated people to stop all traffic in Mumbai. So I am sure this is not what is meant so you might want to choose a better word. By the way such things happen because as I said and as you all have noticed if I write something it is very difficult for me to correct things either semantically or syntactically and that is the reason why it is important that for any technical writer you always get it read by someone else. The next sentence in spite of extremely good intentions has become very funny because of the loss of just one word. The next sentence is of course there are achievements as well as are quite evident from our talk that is ok. The most important thing I learnt was that we should snub out the inherent creativity and inquisitiveness that are present in every child by making them join the rat race for excellence. You get what the sentence reads? We should snub out the inherent creativity and inquisitiveness that are present in every child by making them join the rat race for excellence. They should be given a chance to blossom that is the next sentence. The reader thinks that the only way to blossom is to join rat race and the only way to correctly shape the minds of young is to do exactly what he said exactly opposite of what he said and what the talk says. What is the missing word? Not. The most important thing I learnt was that we should not snub out and in this case I would think that the knot deserves to be underlined that is that is important. Now again it is very obvious from his talk that this is not at all what he intended to write intended exactly the opposite but it got written. It not only got written in his hand written thing it got typed also. What it means is when we type it should not be a blind type piece job that we should do but we should actually read understand and then type and correct ourselves. I had a fantastic type s who was typing my Ph.D. thesis. In those days you did not have Xerox and so on so Ph.D. thesis had to be typed on a you write with stylus on those cyclostyling what you call forget the name and then you take cyclostyle copies of that. So the typing there is very difficult you have to remove the ribbon from the typewriter and type it such that it actually works like a stylus. So if you make a mistake it is very hazardous you have to put a reading and then retype and you have to take out the whole stencil from the typewriter and so on very tough job. So you need a good typewriter type piece my type piece was good. So while typing I was sitting next to him he suddenly smiled loudly and I said what happens as Prasap Ph.D. you have written vision twice in the last one page and both the spellings are wrong. No not vision visual or something. So I said oh my god we should stop and correct he says no no no they have been corrected. He could correct while typing and he was just a typist. That is the kind of skill that we need to acquire. So please correct the not very important. Let me invite Dipali Gupta. Good morning everybody. So the title of my talk is the magic of Fibonacci number that was given by Arthur Benjamin. So he starts by saying that the mathematics today is full of patterns and what why we study maths why most study why most students study maths is because they have to pass an incoming exam or it will be needed in some next class. So we forget to enjoy we forget the joy in doing mathematics and in finding out patterns. So he presented one very beautiful example and very simple which is Fibonacci numbers and it very frequently occurs in nature like the number of petals in a flower is a Fibonacci number and the number of spirals that occur in a sunflower is also a Fibonacci number. So he tries to present some of some more patterns which can be achieved by just these Fibonacci numbers. So as we know these numbers are just can just be obtained by adding the previous numbers but when we when we look at their squares and try to add them like 1 plus 1, 1 plus 2 and so on we get another Fibonacci number like 4 plus 1 is 5 and then we add 4 plus 9 which is 13 which is again a Fibonacci number and then we try to add consecutive squares of these numbers like 1 plus 1 plus 4 which is 6 which is not a Fibonacci number but we when we multiply 2 and 3 which are Fibonacci numbers we again get a cad of Fibonacci number. So what author tries to present is just by doing this simple arithmetic we can obtain many beautiful patterns out of these. So what he tries to do is we can learn mathematics not just for application or just for calculations but for inspiration also. We can just try doing some simple arithmetic to see how beautiful nature is how these beautifully occurring patterns occur in nature. So that was the gist of his talk but I would like to say that what presently students do is they are so busy in making such complicated systems that we just forget we just ignore these patterns which occur in nature. So that is all. So how many of you know that Fibonacci numbers were not invented by Fibonacci 1, 2, 3, 4. Do you know that more than 300 years before Fibonacci was even born the Fibonacci sequence and the Fibonacci numbers were extensively discussed in the Indian mathematical literature. So Hemchandra numbers was the name given one time and now there is proof that even before Hemchandra in fact Hemchandra himself has quoted somebody else in the literature that he has written it has been proven that it has been used. The link has also been established that through the Arab traders and the Arab scholars who came here and knew about this work and translated into Arabic and Fibonacci happened to read the Arabic Arabic works translation into European languages that he came across this and he discovered just to set the record right. In fact the teacher coordinator of this course Professor Ram Subramaniam is actually one of the ardent researcher in trying to locate and appropriately allocate the credit for those Indian scientists particularly mathematicians who have actually discovered or invented a whole lot of things just for your information I thought I will let you know. Those of you are interested might read the Wikipedia article on Fibonacci series and the associated cross references you will find a lot of things here. Let me quickly invite Rahul Dev Parashar Good morning everyone that talk was about do schools kill creativity. So in that talk speaker says that nowadays schools are more focusing on the like only education not on the creativity these both things are completely different like part of body one side is creativity one side is educational like whatever we are learning things so what we are taught like mathematics and all the basic things but not how to be creative so a child is like not afraid of doing anything and he is creative in doing everything but we are killing the creativity so he takes a story that he takes few examples about showing that child are more creative and by the age of 15 they lost most of the creativity finally he takes some random examples but I do not think they are related with this theme like schools are killing creativity and he says that job of the schools are only producing university professors I do not think it is a well said thing so my critique on this is pointage find that schools are killing creativity but we cannot say that we should remove the educational system because it is providing the fundamental for students to build other things on that if we do not provide this educational system and let them do whatever they want to do then we cannot give them a flow like to learn not anything so saying that we should remove the educational system is not a good idea on that basis and saying that the job of the school is only to produce the university professor is I do not think it is any way correct finally makes one more point that funny point that men's on earth are killing other species if we remove the educational system from earth then earth will be more florist then it is now so it is I think well said okay so thank you everybody who participated I would just take two more minutes to emphasize a few things one is that you would notice that in an impromptu conversational speaking like we just organized it here people spoke but everybody who spoke here would have gone back and felt that he or she would have done better had she rehearsed a bit more that is the point I wanted to make that informal presentations you have to repair yourself and that preparation has to be fairly thorough including a rehearsal I would suggest two rehearsals one alone in front of a mirror preferably with that every corner which what I did by the way I think was a young teacher and the second in front of a small group so that the mirror perfection is achieved the second thing which Mr. Prakash with noted great delight I agree with him that at least the samples that we have got so far the more or less they are not on heavy technical aspects there are n number of technology related TED talks but most people have preferred human related TED talks which shows that humanity among us is alive and that's a great thing that's a great thing to understand so with this we close this session the next week is mid-same there is no mid-same I repeat so relax and do your work and we will meet immediately after the mid-same where I will announce the progression for the remaining time. Thank you.