 De minister staat vroger in het veldje. De minister staat vroeger in het veldje in het veldje. Goedemorgen en welkom in Gantz. We weten dat er een crisis is. We kunnen niet met elkaar zo gaan. Ik kan me persoonlijk spelen dat ik heel blij ben dat dit mogelijk is om in Gantz te zien met oud en nieuwe mensen. Niet oud mensen zoals ik, maar mensen die ik voor een langere tijd heb. Ik ben Bart Rosso. Ik werk voor de stad van Gantz. Ik werk met data voor de vorige 11 jaar. Open data is een heel belangrijk deel van m'n career, m'n interesse. Ja, het geeft mij veel mensen te ontdekken met veel technische schilders. Maar eerst en vooral een geweldige passie om de wereld te veranderen. Dat is ook een groot deel waarom ik dit nog doe. Dank je voor de job-satisfaction over al deze jaren. Ik ben heel blij dat de Open Knowledge Conference in België is gebeurd in Gantz. Het betekent dat open data terugkomt. Gantz heeft al 11 of 12 jaar in open data geweest. Maar ook de ontdekking van open knowledge, die op dat moment de Open Knowledge Foundation in België was ontdekt in Gantz. Dat is niet te ver van hier na de Dampocht of de Dampugten voor de mensen die van Gantz zijn. Het is geweldig dat de conference terugkomt. Het is ook goed te weten dat Open Knowledge ervond van een interesse van mensen die eigenlijk wist wat open data was, en dat een organisatie die het schoop uitgebreidt is, is actief in een welke Belgische manier, en dat is wel heel ongeveer vandaag, dat er sterkere networken zijn in de Franse-sprekende deel, Brussel en Flanders, dus dat is een belangrijk deel in hetzelfde, waarin ik ook dat Open Knowledge is over de ontdekking met onze beelden. Dus congratulations aan dat ook. Ik zou de meaier opleggen. Ik vond het hier te doen om de ontdekking te doen, maar zijn schedule is heel busy, maar hij heeft veel interesse over open data. De dag hij opleggen was, hij zei me dat hij de werk die we doen met open data niet zoveel voor de technische deel, maar omdat transparantie belangrijk is, en we willen dat doen, dus hij wist ons allemaal de beste voor vandaag ook. De stad van Gantz is een prachtige sponsor. Dat is niet de enige reden dat ik hier ben om te praten met je, maar oké, dat is een goede reden, omdat de stad van Gantz ook geloven en stimmelijke initiaties en organisaties zoals deze, om mensen samen te praten over wat kunnen worden gedaan, te laten zien wat is gerealiseerd, en wat de toekomst kan brengen en hoe we dat moeten collaboreren. Dus het is niet een coincidus dat dit event gebeurt in de kroek. De kroek is een library, maar het ambitie is niet een huis met boeken of een gebouw met boeken, maar een gebouw waar mensen samen kunnen gaan, werken, worden geïnspireerd door elkaar. Dus dit is de juiste plek om te zijn. Het is niet de eerste keer dat we open data, open knowledge activiteiten en de library. Een van de apps voor Gantz-editions, dat is onze lokale hackathon, dat is de oude library. En wat we hebben gedaan, was om de visie en de technische mogelijkheden van de gebouw die werd gebouwd op dat moment. Dat was heel erg leuk. Dus we zien meteen hoe de werk van de lokale activiteiten die met open data werken, betekent een impact op physicalisaties zoals deze library. Over de brengen, ik zou je willen vragen om de gebouw te ontdekken en zien wat er daar gaat. Ik weet niet hoe lang je blijft, maar de gebouw is leuk wanneer de zon zet, dus bekijk de camera. Dus als we over open data praten, ik weet dat open knowledge meer dan open data is, dus ik zal over open data praten. Als we 11 tot 12 jaar geleden met open data started, was het een heel lokale ding. Omdat de government-levels die open data ontdekten waren lokale regeringen. Omdat de impact daar moeilijk was, omdat de mensen problemen waren, ik zou willen weten waar de budget van mijn lokale regering gaat en open data was erg verbindend aan app-developementen, want de smartphones werden meer vreemd en mensen beginnen te gebruiken app's. En dat lokale accent was voor mij erg belangrijk omdat we, als lokale regeringen, kunnen met mensen met technische kennis maar ook in de demographics. Er waren meestal jonge mensen die wilden iets veranderen, die wilden iets doen. En dit was verschillend van de traditionele manier waar we uitgewerken dus er was een hele nieuwe dimension naar een dialogue met de lokale populatie die op de solutie was. En ik denk dat de focus op de solutie nog gebeurt vandaag. Maar wat ik ook zie, is dat open data niet lokale meer, maar global. We hebben gezien wat gebeurt. We zien wat gebeurt in Ukraine wat gebeurt in de Amazon met de deforestation. Deze data, de transparantie data is heel belangrijk om mensen te monitoren wat er gebeurt voort hun eigen opinionen en speciaal hebben een discussie die is based on facts. En we weten allemaal dat dit niet een gegeven is dat de dialogue is based on facts. Dus de open knowledge is voor mij nog heel belangrijk dat we kunnen blijven pushen dat heel belangrijk team dat we moeten zijn en we hebben een dialogue based on those facts en dan vormen we een opinion. En de manier open knowledge belgium is aanwezig en de jonge mensen om te werken met die data en de mogelijkheden zijn daar en het gebouwen van hun skills is heel belangrijk en ik kon niet imagineren dat dit was de resultaat wanneer we begonnen met open knowledge twaalf jaar geleden. Ik ben niet de vader van dit maar ik ben nog een beetje prouder van het vergelijden. Voor mij is het ook een tweede community op het open data en veel van jullie weet nog niet het gevoel van de tweede woord en het is leuk om te zien dat de nieuwe mensen er is een constant insteem die me ook dat open data, open knowledge is nog heel relevant. De conference In de conference vandaag, het is niet alleen op openheid of open data, het is breder, het is om geluid en privacy te vertrouwen. Op de entraindigde eeuw, dit zou beperkt zijn dat wanneer je over open data spreekt dat we over privacy en dezelfde dingen praten. Maar de meer en de meer je in de details van die twee subjecten, zijn de pilars van dezelfde dingen. Je moet de privacy respecten. En wanneer de privacy bevindt, bevind je ook de ruimte voor openheid. En ik denk dat dit een heel belangrijk ding is. Het is niet exclusief. Nee, het schuurt zichzelf aan. En ik denk dat de speakers vandaag meer in de verschillende fastigheden van wat dat kan betekenen. Dus ik ben heel veel naar naar dit. Want transparantie, openheid en respect voor privacy zijn voor mij de key points over digital transformatie. We zijn deze als een society. We zijn deze als een goverment, wat heel moeilijk en complex is. Want we moeten veel dingen op dezelfde tijd steken. En met de GDPR, wat nu al 4, 5 jaar in plek is, we moeten nog steeds dezelfde discussies hebben. Hoe moeten we de privacy respecten? Hoe organiseren we de consens? En er zijn meer en meer technische soluties die dit kunnen maken op een technische niveau. Maar we moeten ook mensen empouwen om te doen. En om hun eigen privacy te regelen en te maken consens choices over dit. En dit gaat terug naar de openheid en het begin van de openheid. Hoe kan je mensen empouwen om te ontbouwen en hun eigen soluties te creëren? Dus we zijn nog in de juiste plek. Je zal me een beetje uitleggen van wat we doen in Gunstil met en rond open data. Het is niet alleen based op ontbouwende open data sets. Het is ook hoe we open data in verschillende areas gebruiken om meer te doen dan we vijf tot tien jaar geleden hebben gedaan. Een van de finaar examples is Koghent. Pieter Jan is de projectlead. En voor de mensen die in de avond kunnen gaan met hem op een open data tour in Gunst waar we verschillende aspecten hebben gehaald. En Koghent is waar we open data van de collectie van de museum gebruiken. En hoe te brengen deze data set als een tool voor de verschillende areas in Gunst waar mensen hun eigen collectie kunnen creëren. Dit is bijna correct. Oké, perfect. Dat is een heel interessant en ook heel belangrijk om dit te doen met de EU budget. Dan hebben we ook een project called Fluids. We willen mensen in de stad met de hoeveelheid het is. Dit is heel belangrijk, speciaal tijdens de lockdown. Als mensen weer begin met de shopping kunnen we respecten de veiligheid van de mensen door de kruidheid te monitoren. Maar op hetzelfde tijd gaan we respecten voor de veiligheid. We gaan camera's of andere technologieën gebruiken. We werken ook op link-open data in de city council waar we machine-readable documenten kunnen maken en deze te gebruiken om mensen in een betere manier te informeren. Er zijn veel dingen aan dezelfde tijd. Voor vandaag, ik denk dat het programma... De eerste deel, we beginnen met Renata Avila, de CEO van Open Knowledge International. We zijn heel blij dat je de reis aan Gunst zou maken. Dan hebben we Vivi Latenoia, mijn apologies voor de pronostatie. Dit is waarschijnlijk niet correct. Dan hebben we een koffiebrek, ook heel belangrijk. Dan reconvenen we op 11.30. Dan hebben we Bart Jakobs, Ruben Verboch en Jospec, die in de details gaan. Maar we komen terug naar de details. Als je de programma's in de detail wilt hebben, er is een QR-code op je landjard, dus alle details zijn daar. Ik zou willen, voordat we naar de maincours vandaag gaan, bedankt de organisaties en de volonteers, zonder die dagen is het niet mogelijk. Dus, geniet van je dag. Je ziet me terug om de andere speakers te ontdekken, maar tot je. Bedankt. En mijn presentatie? Dank je. Ik ga je een tweede tweet geven over de geweldige presentatie die we hebben. Oké. Ja, geweldig. Mijn naam is Renata Avila, ik kom uit Guatemala. Ik ben heel, heel, heel vanaf Gent. Maar nu ben ik in Parijs, dus het is een heel klein dorp. En het is een geweldig plezier om hier te zijn, omdat ik dacht dat we... Ik had een heel pessimistische dacht tijdens de pandemie. Ik dacht dat onze communietjes ergaan, dat online het default zou worden. En dat dingen zoals dit niet gebeuren. Nogmaals. En ik dacht dat, want het is praktisch. Ons, onze devices, onze huis, koffie, naast ons, en ons in deze screens gelost. Comfortabel, soms. Maar de kracht van de connectie, de mens-connectie die we hebben hier, is heel verschillend. Dus, ik ben dankbaar. Ik ben geweldig dat we nog in het midden van de pandemie. Ik ben geweldig dat... Ook een reminder dat, zoals de meeste van de woorden, de studenten hebben accesse naar vaccins. En dat we in parallel leven in de realiteit, een realiteit van de helden en de helden niet. Komt uit, kom uit, ik heb het te reminden van dit. Dus, we hebben een geweldig bedrijf, en onze rol in het maken van dingen verschillend. En open is aan het kort van het maken van dingen verschillend. Als we open hadden van default, vaccins zouden worden gegeven. Eigenlijk, als we open hadden van default, misschien was dit in het pandemie niet gebeurd. Want we zouden alerden en accesse naar de data van wat er gebeurde, snel genoeg te activeren. Dat is het dimensie van het belangrijkste van de movemen dat we representeren. En dat we volgden hier. En dat we dedikeren met liefde en dat we veel tijd gereden hadden. En tijd, en effort, en resources, en brain space, zelfs. Dus wat ik vandaag ga spelen, is, oké, ik was asked te spelen over het state van open data. En ik weet dat ik niet wil dat het pessimistisch is, maar ik wil de vlaggen eleveren op wat problemen die ik heb gezien, want dat zal ons helpen, calibreren onze planen om te activeren de soluties, snel genoeg, voordat het probleem even wordt. Een probleem is dat de secrecy increasing en het adopt nieuwe vormen. Waarom ik zeg dat de secrecy increasing is? Want voor het eerst, als de goveren en de corporaties de kans hebben om meer data te accumuleren dan nog steeds, over ons. En op dezelfde tijd, de complexiteit van deze accumulatie van data, de complexiteit over deze accumulatie van informatie en connectie over alles wat er gebeurt over ons, is niet open. En eigenlijk, er is heel klein transparantie, zelfs, zoals we hebben gezien in het geval van de Pegasus software, over het wereld, we hebben gezien, zoals je weet, de revelatie van, er is geen, al 10 jaar geleden, imagineren hoe de situatie is nu. En we weten niet wie de system is produceerd, wie de system is. Het is een laag over een laag van secrecy over het. Welke algoritmes zijn bepaald, dus als ik door een aardapport ga, door een coincidens, altijd mijn voordeur van de voordeur van de past heeft, zoals als een sign, die me nodig heeft en niet mijn, heel wight en heel zwitsige vriend om naar dezelfde checkpoints te gaan. En ik wil iets uitleggen dat is heel belangrijk, want vanaf, zoals we hebben, de citesen en de goverments. Nu hebben we een complexiteit, je ziet wat gebeurt deze week met Elon Musk, we hebben nu goverments in een crisis van identiteit en een grote split die in Ukraine is brengen. En dan hebben we Big Tech Corporations. En Big Tech Corporations is een andere goverment. En dan, al de movement die we hebben gebouwd over transparantie en access to information, is nu niet meer gebruikbaar, omdat we niet kunnen gaan en de doorgaan met een company en uitleggen van de data. Zodra de laatste 30 jaar van pre-trade agreements, dat er niet meer... De pre-trade was de lijst van het. Het was de regulatie en de openheid van corporaties om te doen wat ze willen. Ze hebben ons heel begonnen om deze big corporations te claimen. Oh, dit is een trade secret, sorry, ik kan de informatie met je uitleggen. Sorry, it's free market, sorry. I'm protected by so many rules that I will not, until I litigate, I will not release any information about what you want to know. So, secrecy is increasing and it is increasing in ways we need to think new strategies to access the data of corporations, not only because they might be doing bad things, not only because the complexity now of auditing these actors that moderate our public privatized sphere is really harming society, but also because in the middle of this, we have another problem and it is that slowly all the government platforms have been privatized by default and relevant data that we need to solve the most pressing problems of our times is locked, is there, is closed. So privatized data that we need to access. Just an example, we wanted that to do with students and an evaluation experiment of social media a couple of years ago. We had to buy data from Twitter. We had to invest half of our budget was buying data from Twitter. I was like, that's the point that we reached. Like that a small university in Central America has to spend like $3,000 buying data from a private corporation that should release it for free for research purposes. So that's the first problem and I'm taking too much to explain just the first problem. So the second thing is a thing that maybe because I'm old, I'm 41 and I started using the internet when I was 15 and I have quite good memory that I noticed and I was really, really, really worried is that the internet is rotting. What does it mean? We are living in a cemetery of broken links of missing archives of navigating the web now. Navigating like if we go back in time and check the websites of 10 years ago or even an article in the New York Times and you click the links, the links are dead. Many websites disappear. We did a very, very, very bad job archiving. We did a very, very bad job in the resilience of the records of our past. And there's a still not clear solution. There's a still not clear practice because even very valuable digital knowledge pieces were missing forever now. I was working in human rights and a human rights lawyer and all, for example, all the records of all the organizations in civil society doing the Pinochet trial. A Pinochet trial for those who are very young was a dictator that did a lot of very bad things in Chile and South America. And he was then after collective efforts of civil society and victims, he was partially accountable, let's say. And that was like a blueprint for many, many efforts all over the world to bring criminals against humanity to justice. En very valuable information, last testimonies, like all the records of the audiences gone forever. And often what our community says is, oh Wikipedia should submit. I think that we are like directing far too many tasks to one entity and okay, that has some decentralized system, but it's one entity. And we are doing far too little in standardization of practices even among journalists. So to have permanent records of very valuable information. And a little bit what they did with the seeds. And this bolt of the seeds, that is somewhere we need to do it with our knowledge. Because the future of our past is at risk. The third reflection is a more positive one. I think that the pandemic, if any positive thing had, is that raised the global awareness of the importance of verifiable data, of reproducible research, and of openness on what was going on. I think that in my experience, especially in public sector, the demand of citizens, the demand of citizens everywhere, the money we need the data of what's going on in our country because our risk, our life is at stake. We need to really grab and seize this opportunity and design the institutions of the future with this open knowledge and its cycle of archives, open data, and communities around it as a design principle. So the time is like never before. These communities have been as popular as now. So let's not lose the moment and seize it. Dat is, I would say, one of the most positives. Then the interesting thing that is going on as well is that we realize how incomplete our discourse was. When we realized that we didn't consider things like exploitation, discrimination, sexism, bias in our data sets. De spreadsheets looked so innocent. En eigenlijk, many of our prejudices, many of unconscious biases that we might have as a person, as a collective, then can impact the lives of people, can impact the lives of people on whether I have right to access a subsidy from the state or not, whether I have the right to scholarship or not, whether the algorithm will show me or not the advertising of a job. And I think that this is just starting. And it feels sometimes like a witch hunt, like anger, this is bias. But I think that we need to take a step back and analyze how missing social sciences were from our spaces. How missing communities were from our spaces. How we miss the connection with the communities that the data sets that we are so enthusiastic about and then feeding the systems of the future will impact. I think that we will get better as a community because we have open practices. And our doors are open to anybody to join the discussions. But we need to be proactive. Open data is not enough. And it is not truly open if it's not inclusive and if it's not seen how diverse our world is. In the picture is Timnit Gebru. I invite you to follow her. She's a very courageous artificial intelligence expert who was inside Google and left, and was left with a loud, loud, loud exposure of all the bad practices that were going on there. And you have the cosmetic efforts to solve the things without really solving them. And last data on the climate crisis. I will say that if I, and I'm still debating that, if all the brilliant minds in the world and of course all of you here belong to that very selective group had to do one thing, one very small thing. One very massive task is to save the planet. And never, never, never before data was as relevant for this task. We need to measure so many things. If you, I was the last two days, I have been doing the really boring and hard effort of read the latest report that was released. It's 2,000 pages on how bad things are and things are bad. And you know, like the most important thing that I realize there, thinking of our communities and thinking of how, okay, I lead this foundation. I know many foundations similar. What can we do to minimally contribute? And the data state of the climate crisis is an absolute mess. Missing data sets. Data, data, like, there's not even collector produced and nobody's willing to put the money and time and effort to do that. On clean data sets that are open, but not usable. Lots of problems with, like, you know, the climate data became business with increased pressure of private companies to measure emissions, big business. And then now, if you want to do, like, you know, like open models to predict, and if you want to, like, really get deep into, like, using the tools of our time, times to solve the problems of our times, it turns out that it is a little bit like me buying data for Twitter, but at a larger scale. En of climate AI company, they were telling me that just to get semi-accurate information, they had to invest, like, $10 million in data sets that are paywalled. How come we are putting paywalls to access relevant information to save humanity, you know? That's part, you know, like, I mean, a dream will be like to really have the, you know, global data trust to unlock the data that is built up, to produce the data that we need, and to have this as, you know, as a live system of volunteers, data collectors, data clean, I mean, it can really, really, really be something truly meaningful, in form, of course, by the local knowledges. And we, at the Open Knowledge Foundation, we will soon start a targeted program on this, because we feel bad, you know, like we think that there's so many things that are very relevant and interesting, but I think that we have to be very focused on helping where we can, where it is more urgent and needed. And so how do we revert the problems as all these problems that we saw and also that can be turned into opportunities en very, very good efforts that are all connected? One is with movement, of course. Movement, but not only to get here together and have a cup of coffee. We need to use these spaces as out plotting spaces, you know, like you have to live here with napkins or nodes of what you are going to do next. It has to be like these opportunities to meet and opportunities to debate and opportunities to then coordinate for action. And no action is small. We need all the actions possible. The other is literacy. We often forget who, I mean, it is very, very nice to talk to experts, but we often neglect the hard work of showing up and explaining the communities that are new, completely new to our topics and evangelizing a little bit about this. We assume, we wrongly assume that it is a default and that everybody knows. And as the pandemic showed, not everybody knows, but they have our attention now. And the other thing is the models. I think that we cannot no longer think about open data, something isolated, but it's something dynamic and part of different bits and pieces, governance, community, practices, standards that we need to configure and put together until we get it right. So to deliver, like basically, I believe that open knowledge is a design principle that will shape the institutions of the future. And it is up to us to accelerate this process and to give birth to a new, basically a new world or maybe even interplanetary system. Thank you. And if you have questions, comments, disagreements, and not just feel free to raise your hand and maybe we still have some time to share. Are there any questions? Disagreements, please, please. Yes. Absolutely, I'm good point and actually something that we are debating on. I'm new CEO for disclaimer. En it is super important. Personally, I use differently, like our network, we have it in matrix and we have like, I think that we need like more consistency and practicing by the example. Regarding the airports and all the information, it's very interesting because we have like two types of citizens, like kind of. And the systems that I was referring, like I mean my interactions at the airport have been in the US and it is incredibly aggressive the way they monitor people from my country. Like welcome refugees from Ukraine, but what Malans and Central Americans are like even children placed in cages. The level of surveillance and the sophistication of the surveillance at the borders is unbelievable. The latest that they were deploying, these robots mimicking dogs to chase people at the border. Like it is, you know, like that's the world we live in. And Europe is not exempted, you know, in some of the, in some of, I mean, you are protected as soon as you are here, but technologies, very aggressive technologies to profile, to provide potential migrants can be like, you know, donated to countries with very weak privacy and data protection laws. So it is, it is, and I mean, I think that we need to like really push the engineers behind those programs to speak out and to get out of these companies and stop, like, you know, giving their talent and their time to, you know, to do really perverse things. The ICE is terrible, Palantir, which is now working with European institutions, is the worst. And it's not accountable enough, for example. And if people ask a question for the livestream, if you could repeat the question, so people can hear it. Ah, there's a mic now, perfect. No more questions? Ja? Niels, afgestaan, voor de mickel. Voilà. Wacht, wacht, wacht, het komt goed. Kijk, de techniek is niet in alles even agressief aan voorheid. All right. Okay. I was very triggered about what you said about the climate data and also pretty worried, because I didn't realise the state of the data was that bad or that closed. I fully support the idea of a global data trust. And I was wondering if open knowledge is talking to large institutions, like the UN and the European Union, to make that something that truly exists, because I think that would be a great step forward. Yes, we are. And actually, you know, like the UN has a data problem. I shouldn't even continue telling because it sounds quite grim, but even the institutions that you would imagine that they had it right and so, and they're a mess inside. And one thing, we have been, just to mention an example, the international energy agency keeps the data locked. And they're reluctant to open it. And we have been advocating with other organisations to try to open it. En they don't want, and I suspect, you know, I suspect like it is like a little bit like when you don't want to invite someone to your house because it's a mess. I have been there, you know, like, oh, let's show me your new flat. No, let's meet at the coffee, like a little bit like that's the conversation. Many organisations do not open their data because they are not ready to do so because they have a mess inside. And maybe that's part of our role as a movement, you know, like, I'm sure, you know, I'm sure that we can design good blueprints and collaborative teams and allocate resources, find and allocate the resources to help them. And the other, I think that that's part of our role, you know, like I think there is not bad intentions is that austerity measures never leave enough budget to do these infrastructural things and all the institutions, I mean, not even banks have their data infrastructures right until recently. So we can imagine that those public interest organizations are like in trouble and we need to accelerate that process in a way that can scale. Thank you. Is it time for a small follow-up question? I've also experienced definitely for the more complex problems and climate change is definitely that, that scientists are often very reluctant to release the data because they fear it will be misinterpreted because it is complex. And do you see ways in making these very, very complex and data sets more comprehensible so that they will be used in the right way because data misuse, as you said, is something we worry about. Thank you so much for the question because that refers to this open knowledge as design principle thing that I was mentioning. Data alone is not the thing. We need to plug community and ways to transform that data knowledge or translate that data into knowledge and knowledge is not knowledge if it's not accessible to the people that it is intended to. So that's, I mean, I have a dream, you know, I have many dreams, but if we could get, for example, Fridays for Future, as excited about these facts as they are about the protests in the streets, you know, like that, I think that we need children in this room, we need teenagers in this room and we need to go to the places where they are as well to activate precisely that, you know, like, and that's in our plans and in the works at the moment as an international movement. Well, thank you so much. Next time, women, please, make questions as well. It feels lonely here, yeah. Thank you very much. There are two takeaways for me, the relativity of a number 41 to me is young. And the second thing, as a lifelong civil servant defining a problem, what we saw here is a start of a solution. So there's some promise there. Now on to the next speaker. I'll try to pronounce this in the right way, my apologies. Vivi Lattenoia? Beautiful. Voilà. Okay, I know in Finnish you have to read every letter and then you're almost there. So she's the chair of the global MyData global. So I'm very excited to hear what you have to say. Big welcome. Thank you very much. And just as we get the slides up, I just wanted to share a little bit of history of MyData, MyData Global and why it's such an honour to be here today. MyData actually started off as a working group for Open Knowledge Finland. In the early 2010s, there were events around open knowledge, open data. And there was one session in which people were thinking to themselves like, yeah, there's a lot of data out there that needs to be made more open, but then there's a lot of personal data that cannot be made just fully open. So what do we do about that? And this is where MyData started. So MyData was first a loose community network of people. We organized the first MyData conference in 2016 and almost annually ever since and formalized into MyData Global, the international nonprofit that I have the honour of chairing in 2018. But the title of my talk today is MyData for a Fair, Sustainable and Prosperous Society. So let's see. I'll start with the very core idea of what MyData is and that's that individuals, people, should be in control of the data about themselves. It's very simple and at the same time incredibly complex when you start thinking about how to make it happen and how to make it right. So the MyData approach before the coffee break, it was strengthening digital human rights while also opening up new opportunities for businesses and also public sector organisations to develop innovative and value-adding personal data-based services that are built on mutual trust. So the title of the talk comes from our mission as Envision as an organisation. We are for a Fair, Sustainable and Prosperous Digital Society through this human centric approach to personal data. And in this society that we envision, people, they get value from personal data and set the agenda for how it's used. And at the same time for organisations the ethical, ethically sustainable use of data is always the most attractive option. And this is where we want to be, we're not there yet. So in 2017, the MyData community came together for the conference en we published the MyData Declaration. And that took the shape of describing as part of it three shifts that we defined for ourselves as absolutely necessary for us to start moving towards the vision that we all share. So the first shift is from merely formal rights to actually actionable rights. So in the EU, for example, we have the GDPR which is wonderful in many ways, if not perfect. But what we really need to go from there, which is the baseline, which we absolutely need, towards actionable rights, giving people the means, the tools, the opportunities to really make use of these rights. And the second shift that we identified as a mission for ourselves is the shift from data protection only to empowerment with data. And I was really grateful to hear empowerment mentions already earlier today, because again, data protection, that's the baseline. We absolutely need that. And in addition to that, we need to give people the tools, the means, the opportunities to benefit from all the wonderful things that are possible with the use of personal data. En then the third one, which is a little bit different from the other two, is the shift from closed to open ecosystems. Open ecosystems, the classic kind of argument for them, of course, is that it's levels to playing field. Open ecosystems in which different kinds of actors can join into and plug into, offer people, individuals, communities the opportunity to make good choices, like real choices between good alternatives when we don't have closed and walled in systems where the data is about me or my community is locked and cannot be reused. And really what I can see here as at the kind of foundation of all these shifts is this kind of shift from thinking about people as kind of inactive or passive or kind of subjected to things and in need of strong protection, which obviously people do need protection, but shifting from that to a more kind of empowered idea of human beings as agents who have wishes and desires and hopes and dreams, ability and desire to make good use out of personal data about themselves. So like I mentioned, or one of the slogans for my data has been for years that we need to make it happen and we need to make it right. So these shifts are about what we need to make happen. And then there are the six things that we defined in 2017 that we feel set the parameters for how we can make this right. So the human centric control of personal data, that's the basic idea of my data. Human beings about whom the data exists should be the people exercising, setting the agenda and exercising the control. The second point about the individual as the point of integration signals the shift from organization centric thinking to personal, to human centric thinking, right? En so instead of thinking about personal data about me that exists scattered around the ecosystem as finished government data, as Facebook data, as Twitter data, rather think about it as VV data, right? That's the shift that we're talking about. It's the individual who's the point of integration, not the organization collecting that data. Individual empowerment, we also I mentioned already earlier en I always like to emphasize here that this is expanding our understanding and our work with social scientists, for example, is highlighting the fact that individuals are not islands. We exist in groups, we exist in communities, we exist in relationships with others. So empowerment needs to be not only on the individual but also on the group and community level. Portability, access and reuse to personal data is what's needed to actually get benefit, get good use out of it. En this is where the GDPR Article 20 obviously gives us the formal rights to do it and we need to work on the tools and the opportunities to make it actionable. Also, I was mentioned earlier, transparency and accountability, absolutely key to, we as people need to have transparency into what happens with the data about us. We need to be sure that there is accountability for when, not if, but when breaches do happen. And finally, there's interoperability, which is again a little bit different from the other five, I think, but this has been lifted up as one of the key principles for my data as a result of years and years of working together and digging really deep into what enables this. I mean the vision is fantastic and it's super inspiring. And when you start drilling down into trying to really make it happen, you end up with questions of interoperability. And you can kind of organize these principles in any way you want, but this is how I've been recently thinking about it, that this empowerment with personal data is kind of the goal, this is where we wanna go. And for that we need human centric control and we need transparency and accountability. For us to be able to exercise control, we need to have the rights to portability access and reuse. And we need to shift to this human centric rather than organization centric principle of individual as the point of integration. But for both of these last two, to really be useful, there is the bedrock of interoperability at the bottom. If I have access to 17 different data sources that don't speak to each other, what am I gonna do with that? If I'm trying to integrate data from different sources about myself, which are not interoperable, what am I gonna do with that? So the approach to kind of take this from a more abstract principle level to a little bit more practical level, the mind data declaration of 2017 that I mentioned kind of formalized this idea of the operator model as a way to address some of the issues we see in trying to realize this human centric approach to personal data. So the basic idea is that there is so much data. We as individuals are engaged in so many personal data mediated relationships. There's absolutely no way for one person to manage control all of that alone. So we need to support people. And this is where the operator model comes in. So my data operator is a kind of entity that interacts with the person and represents that person, acts on that person's behalf and manages the kind of data flows, permissions, and so on that are necessary for that person to integrate data about themselves, to reuse data about themselves, and so on. So this is a kind of data steward, if you will, of someone who the operator's primary beneficiary is always the person. And the operator doesn't have to see any of the data itself necessarily. So it can be just about facilitating permissions that yes, service A, you are allowed to give data to service B about this one person, and so on. So it doesn't necessarily need to be an actual kind of data store itself, but I'll come back to that a little bit later. We did some work a few years later, 2020, further understanding this operator model, like what could it actually start meaning in practice. And we published the white paper, understanding my data operators. And one of the key insights that we felt needed highlighting from that is that there shouldn't be just one operator, not for the world, not for a given region, not for even one person. Operators need to work in networks. So just like I can call your Belgian phone from my Finnish phone, and I don't need to know which operator you use in Belgium, it just works. In a similar way, my data operator can function with your or your companies or your organization's operator. En I don't need to understand what goes on in the background, right? This is where interoperability obviously is very key. That's the backstage of how this works. But really the point here is that the my data operator model is very much based on a networked and ecosystem idea, where these different data sources, like picture it here, the different data using services, they can opt for whichever operator they want. And I as a person, I can have one, I can have more. But we all kind of are able to connect to this ecosystem of personal data. Now, some of you who follow European digital regulation might feel that this sounds a little bit familiar. So the Data Governance Act, which was recently agreed on, actually defines something called data intermediaries. And this idea of my data operators or data intermediaries, it's not new, it's been around for years and years and years. But we are now kind of coalescing to that point where we're starting to gain agreement on what it is that these kind of actors or organizations with this role do and how they can work together. So the Data Governance Act defines a data intermediation service as a service which aims to establish commercial relationships for the purpose of data sharing between an undetermined number of data subjects and data holders on the one hand and data users on the other hand through technical, legal or other means, including for the exercise of the data subjects rights in relation to personal data. So these data intermediation services are precisely the kind of actionable services that we are looking for with my data for the exercise of the rights that we already have here in Europe. So to put it kind of very, very crudely, I would draw like an equation sign from a my data operator. They're awarded every year. There are dozens of organizations and companies who have this my data operator award. They are basically human centric implementations of the data intermediaries in the DGA. They're not the only kinds of data intermediaries, but they are ones which are aligned with the my data vision, mission and principles. Now, while the DGA was, the Data Governance Act was a really, really significant piece of legislation in itself, it was in some ways also like a prelude to the data act, which is being discussed right now. And the data act promises some pretty incredible things, namely interoperable data spaces. So data space on one definition is a stable data collaboration setting among an open number of organizations and individuals based on a common set of governance and technical rules. And the data act specifies some essential requirements regarding interoperability for data spaces and data processing service providers and enables also these specifications and European standards for, is hugely influential in defining how they're going to be shaping up. So one way to understand data spaces are the ecosystems that are facilitated by networks of my data operators. There are spaces in which data can be shared within a common set of governance and technical rules. And on the interoperability part, which I will highlight again, is just super, super key. We in my data have been working on interoperability for a long time and we've been framing it as a journey. It's not something that's going to happen overnight. It's a destination, well, it's a journey, not a destination even, and it requires real commitment and real investments. And a lot of times when people talk about or think about interoperability, they think about technical or semantic or data interoperability. But one of the things that we've noticed as the my data community who work with, like I mentioned, dozens of these companies and other organizations who are working to provide these data, my data operator services, is that interoperability between people and their language is really, really important as a baseline as well. So just so that we are talking about the same thing when we use the same word. Like this kind of very fundamental, just understanding each other, kind of sense making around, well, when I say permissions, I mean this, but when I say consent, you mean that, and are we really disagreeing here or are we just using different words to describe the same thing? So to kind of come together as a community and to facilitate this kind of shared vocabulary and language learning and language use, the white paper I mentioned put together this reference model. And I won't go through the different parts of it. These are basically the functional elements that my data operator may or may not include, but just for any kind of two operators interoperating with each other, first they need to understand what it is that the other one actually does. So we are trying to help these companies, these organizations to kind of verbalize, okay, this is how we do identity management or this is how we do personal data storage. And from that, only then really the technical aspects and the data and the semantic interoperative parts become relevant in the first place. And this kind of shared language creation and understanding and sense making, it's not possible in standardization of organizations. It's part of what they do, but it can't be the only thing. So human interoperability, that's a key really at the foundation there as well. And this reference model was actually updated recently. I'll show a link to the resource page on our site later. But I do recommend that you check it out, because I mean for this paper, we studied dozens of companies and organizations who do something my data operator-esque and through kind of interviews and sense making, this is kind of how we became to understand the landscape of what are called data intermediaries or intermediaries or even data trusts and personal data management systems and so on. So it's a really rich piece of work. And then I wanted to kind of throw in to the mix of EU regulation that's happening and relevant EIDAS, the revision of EIDAS and identity management, because identity management is one of the functional elements of the my data operator. And it's really necessary for the kind of provenance of data authentication. Obviously when it comes to personal data, we need to know whose data it is, about whom that data is. And I feel that in the Data Governance Act conversations, in the data conversations, sometimes this identity part and this EIDAS regulation revision, which is happening right now, they kind of get glossed over and at the same time, I can't help but feel that this is going to be really important for how these data spaces, data intermediation services, how they're going to shake out in the real world as a result of this kind of set of regulation. So the innovation in the revised EIDAS regulation is the introduction of European digital identity wallets. And they're a product and service that allows the user to store identity data, credentials and attributes linked to their identity, to provide them to relying parties on request and to use them for authentication online and offline for a service. So all of this sounds very similar to what happens with data intermediation service providers. And there's obviously some personal data in there, stored, shared, provided, used for authentication and so on. But like exactly how is this related to the other regulatory developments right now? I don't have the answer, like wallet plus data intermediary plus data space, what is it? I'm not sure. Right now, I have this hunch that if the wallets are successful and well designed, they could potentially act as kind of keys to those data spaces which I as a person or I as a company have the rights to access, right? And then the data intermediaries can be the kind of mechanism, the tool that I use to actually access and repurpose that. That's my thinking right now. But there is a surprising amount of un-clarity in the kind of personal data space right now on how this is all going to shake out in the end. And we in the MyData community are doing active work in trying to find, again, like common words, common vocabulary, common understanding en sedismaking around how we can ensure this can be human-centric and ethically sustainable and how to actually make it work so that people, communities and societies benefit. So just to close, I would like to thank you for inviting me here to Belgium and in return to invite you to Helsinki to join me for MyData 2022 this year. This is the space where we're trying to tackle these questions to make sense of the current landscape and we're just... It's midsummer week, so like the sun doesn't go down, which is kind of cool. So welcome very much. And here are the links that I promised. And with that, I would like to thank you very, very much and welcome any questions you might have. Thank you very much. Are there any questions? We have about 10 minutes. Yeah, it's on its way. Thank you for paying attention to that aspect. Two. Yeah? Okay. Good morning, everyone. My name is Flo Sannis. I'm a student at Kent University. I've been an observer of these movements and the space from a distance for a while. I have a dual question for you, which is how far do you think we are from this ideal being technically feasible in terms of implementation? And then the other part of this is how... What's in your view the easiest way to get industry partners like the big tech companies on board? Is it by means of forced-true regulations or really to make them see the value in these... well, propositions? Thank you very much. On the technology side, I'm not a technologist, so caveat, I'm a philosopher by training. But from what I hear and see, the technology is there. We could be doing this if we wanted to. At my data, we often talk about the BLTS sandwich, so which is Business Legal Tech Society. We need to work across those different domains and deliberately kind of de silo work around personal data. We obviously see that technology develops on a different kind of trajectory than, for example, EU regulation does. And there is a lack of political will, perhaps in some instances. There's also the question of literacy awareness in the general public around these issues. There's legislation and regulation, which is developing, but at a different pace from technology. And also then the business models for the kind of ethical practices around personal data. Because maybe this is a good bridge to your question about big tech. What's broken right now isn't specific company or specific companies. It's the entire paradigm that incentivizes exploitation. And that's what we're looking to shift. And if Cambridge Analytica and Facebook hadn't done what they did, some other companies would have. And that's because the paradigm, this is the incentive in which the paradigm directs us right now. I don't know what the best way to make current companies do things differently. I think that's an open question. But the more fundamental question is how do we shift into a paradigm that actively incentivizes on business level, legal level, technical level, societal level, incentivizes towards a human centric use of personal data? If that's an answer to your question. That's a very clear answer. Thank you very much. Cheers. Thank you. I'm Rob Hemman from the Knowledge Centre Data and Society. In the previous talk we were talking about bias in open data. How are you going to deal with self-selection bias, which you will probably have because my data relies on volunteering your data or giving consent with regards to your personal data? So by self-selection do you mean that only the people who are kind of knowledgeable about these things will then actually, yeah. So that's, I think, a question of awareness raising again and literacy and understanding our data. And it was mentioned before as well. Like obviously COVID has raised awareness of the importance of data. What's still kind of challenging in some ways are the very concrete use cases. Like the services that give me better products or better services that are easier to use and are ethically sustainable. This is really one of the key things that the entire personal data ecosystem is revolving around. How do we crack this? But yeah, the thing is that for, in terms of self-selection, if the service that's based on human-centric principles and respectful of your choices is just better than the alternative, then the awareness will follow, right? I hope so, but if that were true, everyone was on mastodon. But is it better than Twitter right now? I'm not sure. Thank you for your answer. Ladies and gentlemen, one last question before the coffee break. Yeah, hi, Engel van Ibruggen University Library. I was thinking about the legal actions that the European Commission is taking. And we sometimes have the impression that it's tackling the big tech, but in the meantime also jeopardizing the work of non-profit organizations or research because they don't have the means to comply to the rules or really deal with them. What is your impression of that? And do you do something about that? Or what do you think? That's a really, really good question. I wouldn't be able to speak to what's in the commission's mind and what are they aiming for here. I do kind of recognize what you're referring to. And maybe there's a sense of more of a sense of urgency in tackling the bad things and preventing the harms. And then some ripple effects, unfortunately, are overlooked. I do see things like the Data Governance Act, Data Alteration Altruism Institutions as a promising kind of way in which non-profit organizations, civil society organizations, can engage with and be supported by the commission's initiatives. And there is a certain kind of rhetoric, for example, in the data strategy, which is about giving Europe its fair share of the economic potential of data. And that focus on the economic potential kan be felt in the initiatives that are coming out. So maybe that's one thing to think about. Thanks. OK, thank you very much. Also for your contribution. Big applause, please. So after all this input, I think it's time for caffeine and oxygen, maybe not necessarily in that order. We have a 15-minute coffee break. The coffee is over there. Please go to the other part when you drink your coffee so the queue isn't too long. If you want to reuse your coffee cup, please do. But there are some new ones over there. And when you come back in, place them on the table. Thank you very much. And we see each other in 15 minutes. So ladies and gentlemen, when we want to get to lunch in time, I would like to continue with the program because I'm not sure how many people get angry when they're hungry and one of them. So, yeah. So let's avoid that risk aversion. So while everybody's looking for their seats, we're going to continue with the program. So we have two professors, Ruben Verburg en Bart Jakobs. And then we have the people from Visit Flanders and OpenStreetMap, who will showcase some of their results. En our next speaker, I would like to say as well, during the breaks, and there will be some people going around doing short interviews. So there's a person here who's responsible for the interviews, but he will make himself known. So it's part of the program, so you're not being ambushed. So the next speaker is Ruben Verburg. He's a professor of Decentralized Web Technology. And I'm still jealous about him for a lot of reasons, but the one thing that stood out by getting his PhD was Tim Bernsley, who congratulated him on Twitter. So that's something. Yeah, that's one of the big dreams. So, Ruben, open the floor, it's yours. Mikro, test? And there we go. Perfect. Who have you woke up this morning and the first thought in your head was, how can my data work for me today? Raise your hand, who thought this? What will my data do for me? I got a couple of hands. It's weird, I should have had the whole room, basically. We all care about data. This is why we're here, right? Because when we wake up, we think about different things. We think about how we will spend our time. We think about how we'll spend our money by things on the given day. How we'll spend our energy or dedication, focus, concentration, so many things. But we very rarely think, how will we spend our data? And that's because in many cases our data is being used, is being spent on our behalf. Because our data is spread around everywhere. We're not in control of what happens. We should take ownership. At the same time, I think we also should broaden the conversation when it comes to data. Because there's open data, as we've talked about, and as Bart so eloquently said, like talking about privacy is important if you want to make room for open and vice versa. But when it comes to data, we spend a lot of time thinking about openness and privacy, but there's so many more things. One of them is empowerment indeed. What can my data do for me? That's what I spend a lot of time thinking about because if data is the important asset that we all believe it is, then this should be one of those questions that we have every morning. What will I do today? What will I buy today? Who will I talk to today and what will I do with my data? Today I've got three points for you. I will talk about big data thinking, which is the old way to think about data in a way that doesn't empower us. Then I'll talk about a project called SOLID, which is about empowering people with their data. And finally, I'll talk about standards and community, which we see as a necessity to make SOLID not just a one company or one organization project, but something that can be carried by multiple parties. So let's first have a look at what's going wrong with our data today. Why don't we all wake up at the thought of what our data can do for us? Let's have a couple of examples. Let's take supermarkets, for instance. My supermarket knows what I'm buying there, what I have bought in the past, what I will buy in the future they can predict. That's all big data. They also know how I walk around in their store because I scan my groceries manually. And who knows, big data-wise, all the things they will squeeze out of me. And I'm just a data element to this supermarket, to many others, to online stores, and so on. It's my data working for them, but not for me. Another example is applying for jobs. Those of you who have had the pleasure recently to apply for jobs, you need to have a CV on LinkedIn, all the fields complete, you have a PDF as well. En when you apply somewhere for a job, every place you apply, you need to upload all of these things and fill out all the same fields all over again. This is us again. Data we spread it around, but it's not really working for us. Is it? Medical data is, of course, a very crucial kind of data that we all have. In Belgium alone, several millions are lost every year due to duplicate medical tests because the originals are missing or we don't even know that the test has been taken already. That's a waste. But also just not really nice if you're a patient, right? You want your data to work for you. So we need to look into those problems. In general, it always comes down to this, the walled gardens, the silos. If we want to bring interaction between different kinds of systems, whether it's social media or anywhere else, we either have to move the data or we have to move the people. So it's 2022 and we still spend so much time moving data or people around. I think it's completely crazy. It's not empowering at all. So let's think about a different world and what better way to do this than to look back to the my data principles that VV presented. We need human-centric control. People need to decide what happens with their data. We need to have the individual as an integration point. It should all start from the individual. Empower people. Make your data work for us. Portability, the right to have your data work for you regardless of where it is stored. Transparency and accountability. I want to know what happens to my data. And also interoperability. I want to make sure that my data can work for me in different kinds of systems. While we're working on SOLID and I'm not advertising a product of a company, SOLID is a vision technology just like the worldwide web. It's not a coincidence. The same Berners-Lee who wrote the tweets but also invented the worldwide web, he is behind SOLID. What SOLID fundamentally does is restoring choice by separating data from apps because nowadays they're coupled together in platforms and platforms are what ensures that our data is not working for us. So this inseparable connection is what we try to break apart. En if we do that, very simple principle, we create independent choices. People can choose the app or the service they want to use independently of where their data is stored. And if I can choose where my data is stored independently, I might as well store it closer to me so that it works for me because right now my data is far away from where I am and that doesn't really work, does it? En de story I will tell you today is not just a vision or utopia or something that I've been dreaming about last night, although I have. Here in Flanders, 6.5 million, that's all of us here basically, will get their personal data vault or personal data pod with SOLID technology. It's not just a tech exercise. We need to have different forces combined. It's technology, it's economy, it's a societal aspect, a legal aspect. All of these things need to be combined and you need people, companies and the government who are willing to invest in the Flanders. We have that. Now, what is SOLID? Well, fundamentally, it's the idea of a personal data vault. The left-hand side is a situation that we have today where we as individuals just lose control over our data, not very empowering. It's bad for us, we all know why, but it's also bad for companies and organizations who want to deliver a service. Because we're living in a data-driven economy, right? So to deliver a service, you need data. So all of those companies need to spend a lot of effort on collecting the data, making sure it's not outdated and there's a whole legal liability. Let's take the example case of applying for a job. All of those companies are collecting data and in the end, if developed on the best job they can, they will have exactly the same data as LinkedIn. But the same effort has been spent 10, 20, 30 times water waste. So today's situation isn't working for anyone, not for us, not for them. If we have this idea of a personal data vault, which is a space in which I store all the data I create and all the data others create about me, then the whole landscape changes. Then I don't need to go sending around all my data. If somebody wants to offer me a service, they can politely ask for what I have, I give it to them for the duration of the service. I get a good service, they don't have the legal liabilities of storing, collecting, harvesting data and so on. And that's a much more efficient system really. It just makes a lot more sense to have my data close to me. What would it look like is what people often ask me and I will give a couple of examples. They're social media just because it's universal, but it's a really boring example in fact. So when I talk about social media, think about your medical data, think about your financial data, think about any kind of data that you truly care about. Now a days if you see a view like this, all the pieces of data that make up this view, they tend to come from a single place. Be it Facebook, be it some central medical system, that's the idea. If we introduce the concept of personal data vault, it changes, for instance if this is my social media post, what is profile picture, it's going to be stored in my personal data pot. The text is going to be stored in my personal data vault. If you comment on my post, the comment is yours is going to be stored in your personal data vault. And if you react to his comment, well this comment is yours is going to be stored in your personal data vault. And even a piece of data, as small as a like, if somebody likes my post, likes your comment, well this like is theirs, it's going to be stored in their personal data vault. And then you see that a view like this one can be made up of data coming from dozens of hundreds of different kinds of places. It's a very different way to think about data. Why do we want to do this? Well first, it's good for people. Very briefly again, today's left hand side where you have platforms that inseparably connect data and service. Very simple social media example. I cannot share my Facebook photos with my LinkedIn colleagues. I have to either move the data and then I lose control or have to move the people en then they lose control. It's also a massive synchronization hell. If I accept an event on Facebook, then Doodle doesn't know about it. Now the right hand side is the landscape if data is in personal data vaults. And the applications on top are still the same but the data has been pushed out. Now the right hand side is a world in which I can start with one service and work on data and seamlessly continue with another one. It's a world in which I can choose the services I like. You can choose the services that you like and we can still work together because the integration doesn't work through the application or the platform. It works through the data. So this is great for people. There's choice. There's diversity, there's variety. I can pick solutions that work for me. You pick those that work for you and we can still interact. But key to this whole story is that it also works for the economy because without that part of the story it will never happen. We need a story that fills all the fields. The left hand side is again what we see today. There's a competition in different sectors based on who has the most data. It's a very boring competition because it's not based on innovation and because in many fields the competition has already been played. The wind is already known too bad. That's a massive innovation problem in two ways. One of them is the big ones don't really innovate. They don't have to, they have the data already. Second is even worse. If you want to innovate, if you have a better idea than those companies, well, too bad. You cannot enter the market because you don't have the data. This is a world in which good ideas don't win only harvesting data wins. Als we deze concept van een persoonlijke datafold uitleggen we separate markets. We hebben een separate competitie tussen ideen voor gebouwen en appen. Een andere competitie tussen ontdekkingen. De linker hand is de wereld die we hebben vandaag waar letterlijk grondmodernen en grondchilderen met dezelfde applicatie gebruiken. Niet omdat er niets van ze heeft, maar omdat dit is waar de data gebeurt. De rechter hand is waarom grondmodernen hebben hun eigen applicatie en grondchilderen hebben een andere applicatie. Ze kunnen het nog steeds werken. Het is goed voor ze, maar ook voor innovatie. Dit betekent dat companies hun producten voor specifieke markten kunnen ontdekken voordat de bergen een grote platform ontdekken met alle data die voor iedereen moet werken maar dat het nooit echt is. Het is een heel heel verschillende wereld voor innovatie. En uiteindelijk gaat het gebeuren als er allemaal succes is. We zijn vandaag aan de linkerhandzijde van dit graf waar de grondmodernen in elke sector zijn. Wat companies gaan doen, is om met de grondmodernen te ontdekken en ze hopen om beter te doen. Wel, toffe geluiden. Hoe ga je zo veel data krijgen als de grootste in je sector en zelfs als je kan? Hoe ga je meer collecten? Want er is een limit. Er is een legale voeding in Europa dat is called GDPR die zegt, niet zo veel data collecten. Dus de grootste is al beperkt met de limit, eigenlijk. Dus als je het proberen te proberen van ze is het nooit gaan werken. Het maakt geen sens. De toekomst is niet voor de mensen die zo veel data proberen te ontdekken. De toekomst is voor de mensen die intelligenteel alle data available gebruiken. En als ze dit doen, als we dit krijgen, er zal meer data worden voor ze te innoveren dan minder. En dit is waarom dit zo fascinerend is. Als we mensen controleren, als we mensen empouwen, er zijn meer dingen die we kunnen doen. Er zal meer data worden. Laten we dat statement revisiteren met de verschillende verkeersen die we hebben gezien. Zoals supermarkten, vooral. Zodat we deze grote data zijn om meer data te ontdekken hoe ga ik de data uit mijnzelf te laten werken? Ik kan met de supermarkten zeggen, hey, geef me mijn data. GDPR, weet je dat. Ik kan ze zeggen, delet deze data. Geen, GDPR. En dan kan ik ze zeggen, hey, wie je wilt zien, alle interessante data die ik heb hier, en wat ga ik krijgen voor hem? Ik ben niet suggestieerd dat mensen moeten trainen hun data. Ik zeg gewoon, dit is een manier waarin data kan werken voor mensen zonder de andere manier. Waarom ik misschien een betere deal kan krijgen. De supermarkt heeft een betere customer. En ik ben gelukkig, want m'n organisatie is inderdaad half duur. Waarom niet? Dit is empowerment. Empowering op de basis van jobhunting, waarom moet ik mijn data op de wereld op de wereld? Het is veel makkelijker om te blijven bij mezelf als ik opgepakt ga. Ik kan het laten zien voor mensen. En ook in de context van de data, er is ook iets om open data te zijn. Misschien CV data. Ik wil het niet prijven. Ik wil de hele wereld weten hoe goed ik ben op mijn job, zodat ik nieuwe suggestieer en office krijg. Dus deze soort data, denk ik, is empowerment. Medical data. Waarom moet ik veel testen als een test zouden bevinden? Waarom is het zo hard om een test van mijn GP naar de hospital te krijgen en de vice versa? Met een persoonlijke patiënt fold kan mijn data meer portabel zijn en goed werk voor mij. Dus Solid is een open standard waarin we kunnen implementeren mijn data-principles. Dus laat ik me door deze principlen in de orde gaan. Een van die is de mensentre controle. Maar natuurlijk, als ik mijn data, of mijn data-fold, ik heb een controle. Ik heb gezegd wat er gebeurt. Het individueel is de integratiepunt omdat het mijn data-fold is. De data gaat door mij. Iets dat een data-proces gebeurt zal door mijn data-fold passen. Ik ben empouderd omdat ik eindelijk cool dingen kan doen met mijn data. Het is portabel omdat Solid een zet van standaard is. Het is niet een platform. Er zijn standaards die open zijn dat iedereen kan implementeren. En als ik zo heb, heb ik een keuze om mijn data te werken waar ik de applicaties en services wil. Er is een transparantie en een verantwoordelijkheid omdat in mijn data-fold ik kan zien welke rekeningen komen en wat er gebeurt met mijn data. Een integratiepunt is de keypunt van Solid op een technologieleven. Alleen dat de solid standaard is, is het te zorgen dat elke soort data-fold kan werken met elke soort servies. Dus in dat sens Solid is een implementatie van die mijn data-principles die we hebben gezien. Maar belangrijk is het niet een app. Het is niet een platform. Het is een manier van gebouwen, software voor de wereldwijdweb op een en een oude lijn. Het is een ecosysteem. Het is een beweging. Het is een communiteit. Het is een ecosysteem. Het is een sens dat standaards deze interoperabiliteit op een technische niveau kunnen ontdekken. Het is een beweging in het sens dat we willen shift de manier dat mensen denken over data. En het is een communiteit in het sens dat we verschillende mensen, companies, governmentinstituties doen dingen met solid. En al vandaag hier hebben we verschillende mensen verschillende companies die solid dingen doen. Dat is omdat het een open standaard is. Niemand kan contributeren. Niemand kan doen dingen. Laten we een beetje meer over de standaards en de communiteit. Interoperabiliteit komt van een standardisatie. En het is niet een nieuwe technologie. Stak, zoals bijvoorbeeld blockchain. Nu zijn we gebouwd op 30 plus jaar van provenwebtechnologie. En de standaards kopen hoe potten werken, hoe appen werken en hoe identiteit werkt. Deze drie dingen doen we in de standaard. En het soldat wil zeggen wat de interactie is tussen de drie key componenten data, appen en identiteiten. En omdat het een open standaard is. Niemand kan implementeren. We hebben veel open store implementatie van servers, appen en liberies. Er zijn publieke instellingen. Of je gewoon hebt je eigen server. Er zijn veel verschillende applicaties en veel verschillende software liberies. Dus dat anyone kan start building applications. En servers, wat they fundamentally do is, they make sure that they store the data so that any app can use it, right? So a simple way to think about data pot is like a USB stick, right? There's some technical specification explaining exactly how a stick works. You don't need to care about these details. All you need to care about this is this USB stick that I want. So whatever you buy, whatever brand, whatever kind, it will just plug in. That same kind of metaphor, your data vault will just plug in into any kind of application. And the job of the server is to ensure that data can be accessed by solid apps independently of what server is storing it. Now, I'm part of a research lab at IMAC and Gantie University and we've been building one implementation of the specifications called the community solid server. It's an open source implementation and we build it to grow along with the needs of the open community. It follows the specifications so it's as good as any server. You can just plug in your data. It's a companion for people who want to develop apps and it's really extensible and you can experiment with it. So it's the right tool if you want to get acquainted with solid, if you want to try out things. There's also different implementations that are, for instance, more enterprise oriented. But bottom line is, this is all you need to start doing solid. And what I'm announcing today as a scoop is that we're starting the community solid server association. And the idea is that we need a vehicle to have a sustainable evolution for the server and all the resources surrounding it. We're starting under the flag of Open Knowledge Belgium. We're very thankful for that. So they guarantee that we are a well-behaved organization that looks out for sustainability. We want to guarantee this long term maintenance of the software but also help inspire the future of solids. The solid specs, many of them are ready, but some of them are still in evolution. And with this piece of software, we can drive adoption. We can show people what the future could look like by building it. And then it can open the standards and then other servers can start using it. So if you want to be part of that future, whether you're an individual or a small company or a big company doing solid, this is the place to be. This is where ideas come together en resources come together to make this future happen. IMEK is involved, as I told, they're supporting the server. We also have Enrupt, which is the American company, doing solid technology who's been supporting the server. There's Digita, which is a Belgian company who has been supporting the server with different implementations as well. And this is SolidLab Flanders, which is a research product which through the Flemish government is funding us to work on the future of Solid. So maybe you want to join this stellar line of partners to think about the future of personal data. I started today by telling you about big data thinking, about silos, about data that doesn't empower people. Then we talked about empowerment. What could my data do for me? And finally we talked about how its standards that enable this, not platforms, not apps, but standards that everyone can implement and as a community that you can join. So, when I see you again in next year, two years, three years, I'll ask you the same question. I will ask when you woke up this morning, did you think about what you do with your data today? And I hope by then the answer will be yes. Thank you. Thank you very much. We have five minutes for questions. Are there any questions? Fala, de micro is out. Hallo? Is dat de alarm? Yes, still. Okay, hi. So, you said that basically solid would allow you to have control over your own data according to the first principle of my data. But does it really because how do you avoid that once a company or an organization gets your data and you gave consent for it? How do you avoid it goes out and lives its own life out there on the web that they cash it, copy it, redistribute it, index it and so on? That's a very valid question. But we cannot look at the future with the eyes of today. Today companies have incentives to collect the data because otherwise they can't survive. But at the same time, there's the effort, the liabilities and so on. What we're saying is that in the future data will be so readily available for those well-behaved companies that there's no reason to run the risk to do these things. That's one part of the answer. The other part is how do we kind of regulate this? Because previously today we also talked about the EU look at these kind of things. I think in this country in this continent governments can play a role. In particular, when I say Flanders will give people personal data vault, they'll also think about how will we regulate people working with these kinds of things. Just like they regulate bank transfers because it's very sensitive. Obviously, that kind of value. So the combination of those two answers around here I think should give the right answer there. All right, then. Does that mean that anonymous browsing is a thing of the past? I've never said that. No, because unavoidably this means that whatever you sign up for something on a website or whatever, this is linked to your actual identity because you have your own data vault that's linked to you as a person in the real world. But you, Tom, you can have multiple identities and everyone else, by the way, as well. So there's your official identity government issue that you can use. But you can have anonymous account. You can have pseudo anonymous account. That's really important. So there's not the one true identity. You still have a choice there as well. No worries. All right. Thank you. There was another question there. If you could pass the mic to the... Hallo. Can you hear me? Perfectly. Ja, perfect. Ja, my name is Alexander. I'm in Hacker Future, web developer. And you have a picture, guys. You have to be nice to you. We were actually just volunteering for the picture. It wasn't even... Ja. So the first question is I noticed or read about stuff and business and how business works. And the reason that this Facebook and stuff are very profitable is of course we sell our data for free. But in exchange we get things also for free. For example Facebook, Google en all the apps that we use is for free. All right? We don't pay anything for it except our data and people don't mind. Except data. Ja. Ja, people don't mind. Like of course, guys, like you are telling people that the data is important, which is good. But if we restrict our data to those companies, wouldn't they be more expensive and would people actually choose to pay for those already free stuff because let's face it. We wear, most of us here that are wearing clothes, our clothes are very cheap and we know where it comes from. We're half aware that it comes from cheap labor. We don't think about it, but it's true. So, but it's cheap. So we wear it, like including me. Like so. I think even though people know that it's not ethical to sell your data, I don't think people would choose something expensive over something for free because we are not accustomed to selling our data. That's what I think. What's your answer? You're absolutely right, but let's break it down. So, first of all, let's be honest. Today's not free. Indeed, Facebook gives me services in exchange for my data. It's an exchange, right? My problem is not that. I have no ethical problem with that kind of transaction. The problem I have is that there's no choice. I cannot say, hey, Facebook, here's 10 bucks a month, but you don't get to have my data, right? What we do is choice. I'm saying, look, let me at least choose if I want to deal with a company who does whatever my data be my guest. And now it's not a choice that we have. So that's the important bit. So even if I want to pay today, I can't. Now, then to the point of like, but would people actually make choices that are in their benefits, which is a bigger thing here, it depends what you give them. I've realized over many years that I'm not going to convince anyone by saying, pay me this amount and you get privacy. Nobody cares, unfortunately, if they care, we wouldn't be on Facebook. So it's very hard to make people care. People do care about living better lives, living healthier lives, having more cost efficient lives, all of those kind of things. So what I'm going to convince people with is not like here, have a data fault, privacy. No, I'm going to solve real problems. Applying for a job is a pain. I'm going to make that easier. Medical finance can be a pain. Let's make that easier. Let's make data work for people. So what we're getting here is not a monetary transaction per se. What they get is better experiences, what it's all about. And who will pay for that? There's different answers depending on different kinds of cases. Like if it's about job hunting, we might very well imagine the government helping to pay for that or just paying for it because they already do. They already do and it all goes to waste. So it's going to be more efficient for the government if they pay for my job search data vault than to pay for whatever data they're paying today as well. And so think about all of the benefits and this is what people will convince people. And they might be willing to pay for it or not. But at least I think we should give them the option which they don't have today. Yeah, thank you. No, take a nice picture of me. Voila. There are more questions but I would like to ask to keep them for the lunch break. I'm around. And there's a panel as well. So we've got some questions there. Okay, perfect. So we can continue the conversation there. Thank you very much for your time. Thank you. So we can set up the next slide deck and I would like to invite the next professor and our terrific lineup of the first half of the day, professor Bart Jacobs. And yeah, he told me he will do his own introduction and there's also one for questions later on. Thank you. I got my works, obviously. First I'd like to thank you organizers to give me the opportunity to talk to you here in Gent. I'm very happy to be here to tell a bit about what I've been doing with colleagues in the Netherlands, especially in Nijmegen, in the area of authentication and other things. I'll give you an overview and I'll start with myself because maybe I'm not so well-known. Just a few bullet points. Professor Nijmegen, I have deserved some academic credits, not in Twitter form, but in a slightly different form. I'm rather active in the Netherlands. Some of the people from Belgium may have picked that up at certain points, both in the media politically but also institutionally in various advice committees, including this one mentioned here about COVID and the intelligence organization, which is closed to computer security, of course. I'm also chair of a foundation called Privacy by Design, which runs an authentication app Irma, which I'll talk about now. And one of the things I'm focusing on in my work is public values in IT systems, how to embed them. En how to make sure that there are choices. Not so much, I will not be talking about individual choices, as Riemen told us, but more political choices. There is a choice in the IT architecture that we all use. OK, let me start with an overview. We all know these big platforms, we use them on a daily basis. In China, there are similar huge platforms collectively known as BAT, Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent. What does Europe have? Shout, shout. Ja, I think indeed Spotify is, but this is, to me, this feels embarrassing. We're doing something not right here. OK, what can you say about this? There's a shared US-Chinese agenda in all of this. To control digital identities, they wish to precisely register who does what online and build up massive profiles out of this. We see in the US side, they mostly use this for commercial reasons, although there have been forms of manipulation, too. We've seen this in elections. On the Chinese side, it's mostly focused on maintaining state control, and you see this in all kinds of Nazi developments like social credit schools. And these systems, they work on the basis of a unique identifier, which is used everywhere and used to link all your individual actions. Now, I think there's a strong European sentiment, we should do these kinds of things differently and bear their European values into technology. OK, the European president van der Leyen has made an opening address to parliament and emphasised this. She talked about Europe's digital decade. She emphasised several topics and digital identity, my own topic is one of them, or you're simply by that. En wat happened about a year ago? Europe introduced these wallet ID plans that were already mentioned earlier today. I then claim that they were inspired by Irma. I've been involved also in the revision process. I've went to Luxemburg, where he does his locator, give a talk there, I've given an input. So here, I dare to claim influence there, although this is not very visible, specifically a place where you can point to. There have been many, many other developments and projects which influence this. But the key thing which changed with this A2.0 is that people will use attributes and disclose them selectively to authenticate. En dit is wat Irma heeft gebruikt, all along. Security and identity is essential for any security solution, unless you're talking about devices talking to each other only, but even then, you could think in terms of identity. Here are some examples, I guess you know all of them. An important point is that authentication, proving who you are, should be proportional. En it should be contextual, depending on the situation in which your identity plays a role. An example to play a game online suffices to prove that you're over 16. And that's it. And this can be done by attributes. I guess the terminology is fairly familiar. By now, if you order a book online, your address suffices for delivery, your bank account for payment, maybe the attribute over 16, depending on the kind of book, but that's hardly ever checked online. And for logging into governments, you typically use some citizen ID number. Now we've developed the app. This is a project already going on for about 10 years. Called Irma, it uses attributes instead of identities. They're collected by the user itself. The attributes are stored locally in the app on the phone. Nowhere else. There's no cloud storage anywhere else. They're digitally signed by the source. So if you disclose these attributes, the receiving site can check the signature. No check the authenticity where it comes from and that it has not been manipulated. There's a decentralized architecture which I will tell you more about. For the moment free and open source, which I guess this community will like, it's open running and it has up to now around 80,000 registered users. And this goes with about a thousand in a week. This is not a major breakthrough, but at least we've come beyond the hobby and friends stage. It's seriously used in healthcare in the Netherlands and in various other sectors as well. This is the idea. On the one hand, you can use various sources to collect information about yourself into the app. And once it's in the app, you can disclose it to various other parties or possibly the same parties. This may be my most important slide conceptually. If you want to set up an identity architecture, there are basically two ways to do it. To do it in a centralized way or a decentralized way. I'll use some simple pictures to try and describe that to you. What is the centralized way? That's how Facebook does it or here in Belgium. It's me does it. You have an identity provider. I think Facebook for a moment. Suppose as a user you want to log into a verifier. Think of this as a website. What does the website do? It redirects you to Facebook. You have to log into Facebook or it's me. Facebook tells the website who you are. Oké, if you go to another website, you log into Facebook again and again, Facebook tells the website who you are. Why is this centralized models so interesting? Mostly for financial and data reasons. The banks run a system like this and the others roughly like it's me. And they can put a ticker on each authentication. En the websites have to pay for this. In the Netherlands, the costs are between 25-30 cent per authentication. That's very expensive. Facebook does it for free. Why does Facebook do it for free? For the data. So they can build up even more detailed profiles of where you are. And keep in mind the sensitive data. These systems are used for logging into a psychiatric hospital. Or logging into an online liquor store. And if the systems are run by your bank, and afterwards you apply for a mortgage, and suddenly your mortgage is denied, how does it happen? What is the decentralized way? So the same picture. As a user, you talk to this identity provider. You pick up some information about yourself. You store it locally. You go to a website. You disclose it yourself. You go to another website. Again, you disclose it yourself. So this is clearly decentralized. Now, if a government like the Chinese one would have to choose between a centralized and a decentralized one, what would they choose? A centralized one. There are clear incentives in terms of control, both financially and power organizationally, to go for the centralized model. Maar er zijn alternaties. Er zijn alternaties. Wie gaat het om de society bij te zijn? Nou, de politieën. Zijn ze ervan van deze basice dingen? Hardly. Nou, we kunnen wel zeggen niet allemaal. En wat ik altijd leuk op te emphasen, is dataflows in de society de deur van de deur van de deur van de deur van de deur van de deur van de deur. Dus deze zijn de keuze over de soort van de society die we willen leven. En ik denk dat we een beetje meer actief moeten zijn in deze soort dingen. Digital autonome en sovereignty, het is hoog op de EU-agenda. Het is om te kunnen maken van je eigen beslissingen. Dat is een generelle beschrijving van autonome. Het is hoog op de agenda, omdat er topics zoals 5G, etc. hebben gegeven hier. En ook omdat er verschillende instabiliteiten zijn in de wereld. Ik zou zeggen dat de controle van een digitale identiteit is van een geopolitische instelling. We moeten dit in Europa doen zelfs, anders zien we de Amerikanen, dus de Chinese gaan het doen voor ons. En ze zijn in controle van alles wat we online doen. Want, zoals ik gezegd, identiteit is de begintingpunt voor een security-relation. Om een systeem te bouwen, zoals Irma of andere systeem, moet je een relaibe identiteitenbouw moeten bouwen. Traditioneel in Europa en continentaal in Europa, deze identiteitenbouwen zijn in de regio. En in België, ook in Nederland, hebben we een Nationaal Citiëntische registratie. Ze kunnen niet in de UK zijn. In de UK of in de USA, als je een gasbouw moet proeven, of een bibliocard of zo. Dat is bijna een bepaalde manier om mensen op de continent te leven, maar het is een heel grote verschil. Een belangrijk punt is wie de identiteitenbouwen aankrijgt. En dat is waar de regio heeft een heel geweldige positie en kan een belangrijke beslissing maken. By the way, Irma is in Nederland connecten met de Nationaal Citiëntische registratie. We krijgen deze officiële regio en regio in onze app. Hoe te beautonomisch is met respect naar deze identiteitenbouw? Dit is soms een Europese strategie. Laten we een USA of een Amerikaanse dominante partij met een Europese dominante partij verplaatsen. Ik denk niet dat dit ook een goede strategie is, omdat dat een Europese partij kan worden gebouwd. En dan loopt u al de controle. En er is een meer broade sentiment onder deze. Aan mijn kant is het dat de identiteit, de persoonlijke identiteit niet de marktkommoditeit is. Ik zal het in Duits zeggen, want ik zie veel mensen hier in Duits. Identiteit is geen handelswaar. Dat is hoe de lawaars dit expressen. En dat is een heel belangrijk manier om te kijken. Dus de beste manier om deze soort dingen te doen is systematisch open source technologie te gebruiken. Niet alleen voor de redenen van transparantie, dat deze communiteit mij al veel jaren geïnteresseerd heeft geïnteresseerd. Maar open source is een heel geweldige strategische instrument. In Nederland, bijvoorbeeld, is de government met COVID-apps geïnteresseerd. En ze hebben de open source communiteit ontwikkeld. Ze waren open source van het begin. Dit betekent dat er geen handels was in Nederland. Er is geen discussie over wat deze apps zijn geïnteresseerd, waar de data gaat en wat transparantie is. Dat was een grote succes. En nu is er nu wat volwielpressie aan de government om meer dingen te doen, hopelijk alles in open source technologie te doen. Ik weet niet wat er in België is, maar ik ben blij om hier van de mensen hier te horen. En hoe te supporten deze soort dingen, als ik het gezegd heb, is de government leverageerd, omdat je een aantal partijen en accesses kunt geven aan deze identiteiten. En je kunt een bedrijf en een bedrijf worden geïnteresseerd. We geven alleen deze identiteiten data naar open source systemen. Ik ben niet tegen de commerciële activiteiten, maar ik denk dat de commerciële activiteiten op de top van een identiteiteninfrastructuren moet worden gebouwd. En ik denk dat het weer op de internet een grote succes is, omdat het een open infrastructuur is. Maar wat ze vergeten hebben te doen in het begin is een gebouw in identiteit, verstandelijk, voor historieke redenen, maar we hebben er ook een paar zorgen over, omdat het zo is. Goed. Dus de EU-wollet-idea is in principle op de juiste kant, maar er zijn er wat er in te missen. Er is geen open source-requiem in daar. Er is veel te zeggen over open source in Europa, maar er zijn ook veel te lopen tegen open source-requiemen. De centralise storage is niet in daar. Als je het tekst loopt, klinkt het als open source, maar het is niet express alstublieft geïnteresseerd of gegeven. Dus de centralise modelen zijn er nog afgemaakt. En de operatie op een non-profit basis kan ook worden geïnteresseerd. Dus mijn probleem voor de EU-wollet-idea wordt geïnteresseerd, want dit zal soon in de Europese parlementen en discussieën veranderen om de pressie op te laten pushen in de wilde richting. Oké, en de eind dat ik hierover zou willen zeggen is wat recent. Het werk begint met een rather ambitieus plan om een nieuwe sociale netwerk te starten. Dat zijn er wat veel van ons droomt over. En toen dacht ik, laten we het doen. Het is called pubhubs, for public hubs. En de idee is om een digitale environment op te bouwen met publieke waarde en bedden. Je kunt voor een lange tijd discussie over wat onze publieke waarde aan het meisjes zijn, als je met hem hier bent. En het moet een digitale environment zijn voor dezelfde sociale interactie. En de idee is dat mensen een deel van een communiteit zijn. En dat is belangrijk. Probeer een organisatieve communiteit. Hoe doe je dat? Zoals collectiviteit is meer dan connectiviteit. Facebook praat over collectiviteit, maar het geeft alleen connectiviteit. Een interessant challenge is een sociale technische project. Hoe zet je een infrastructuur dat maakt mensen een beetje meer civiliseren online? En er zijn ook verschillende banken voor dit, maar het is een interessant challenge om te denken. Een motivatieke voorbeeld. Ik heb dit van een parent gekregen. Ik heb kleine kinderen op de lokale school gezegd. De school wil de dagbedrijf organiseren. En het vertelde van oude parents. Je werkt door je kinderen voor deze dagbedrijf op Facebook. Nu, ik hoop dat je voelt dat er iets erin gaat. Dat er iets erin gaat. Dat is een soort mix van een publieke environment waar mensen in een plunder-architectuur zijn. Dat is, al voor het bezoek, een brand van een school. Sommige parents zijn comple Times opdreven. Dat ze aan school gingen zeggen, wat moeten we niet doen? En er is geen serieus alternatie. En dit is een soort van een startkende. Wat kun je dan offeren, deze soort organisaties waarin ze meerissy de bedrijven kunnen doen. Dit is waarom we willen beginnen. Er is een website pubhub.net, dat is alleen in Dutch. in Dutch. We're only starting. We'll make a multilingual version of it soon, but my apologies in advance. But also, I must say, the emphasis is on the Netherlands. We have no global ambitions at this stage. Be useful to local communities. So let me try and compare Facebook and popular hubs in mentality. In Facebook, of course, if you're on there, you're imposed to the whole world. If you're a 12-year-old girl, then you go on Facebook, you can be attacked by all kinds of bad people trying to make you lose weight or weight. I don't know what kind of things. User identities are unverified, but the same everywhere. That's good enough for Facebook, because Facebook wants to manipulate you commercially, and then they just need continuity and link actions. Facebook doesn't care about anything unless it's forced to use a manipulated capacity and authenticity of information. It's irrelevant for them, and there is algorithmic engagement optimization that we are all aware of now. So what do we try to do differently? So a network is a collection of hubs run by partner organizations, and these partner organizations will be made responsible for their hub and will impose a duty of care, one more Dutch word zorgplicht. So take a responsibility, if you want to be part of this, you take responsibility for your corner of the internet where you moderate, et cetera. User interact within a hub, can switch the duty of care mentioned. As a user, you can enter different hubs, and you get a new, a different pseudonym in different hubs. It's the same pseudonym, if you return to the same hub, but in principle your pseudomas in each hub. Some crypto technology behind this, I'm happy to talk about that in another location. Within hubs, rooms can be organized in matrix style, matrix mentioned, we build a matrix for this, and rooms may have authentication requirements. I'll give an example in the middle. It's open source, it will be open source. What's a high level picture? There's a central login, different hubs. Via the central login, you can move around between these different hubs. Within hubs, there are rooms, and some may have authentication requirements. So an organization may, for instance, run a public forum, a discussion forum, and say on this forum, you have to disclose your real name before you can participate. All can say, this forum is only for people who are up to 16 years old. That's also a form of authentication, attribute-based authentication. So it's not so much that we're on this track of no one can be anonymous anymore on the internet, but proportional authentication. Interesting question, it's also if you turn these buttons, and you impose higher authentication requirements on discussion forum, will people behave more? That's an untested hypothesis. I'm not so sure about this, because you see plenty of people under their real name, they misbehave terribly online. In that sense, it's not clear what happens there. But anyway, at least we set up an environment where we can experiment, there will be social scientists involved as well. So we have a central login, which looks like this. It's not public facing yet. The QR code is for an Irma login. Of course, this uses Irma for this. To show you just that we are doing already something here. What is the status? So I started this with a colleague in the Netherlands, Jose van Dijk. We both won a big prize. We decided to put some money together and do this together. We are funding for five years, which is a lot of time for these kinds of things in the academic world. In my group, the programming and the design is done. Jose is more on the governance side of all this. We have four people doing the programming and the design, which also is a reasonable number for five years if you can maintain this. We want to organize all kinds of collaborations on this. We are releasing this year to limited groups, and large experiments are foreseen in 2023. We work with partner organizations, especially in the media and culture and broadcasting in the Netherlands. It's interesting to have them on board because they have valuable content. Because you always have to problem how you get people into this. Patient organization. There are various discussion groups of patients suffering from all kinds of disease. They all have their own fora. They are typically not on Facebook because they are well aware of privacy issues. But they have their own built systems, which are not always very reliable. We've been talking to them. They say we're happy to join. If you said this up thoroughly, we're happy to join. That also gives momentum. This is hundreds of thousands or even a million people. Libraries. I love libraries as an organization bringing culture at a low level to people. They have to move into the digital world themselves. They don't know precisely how to do this. Municipalities and various others. A big challenge is how to do the governance. I'll go a bit quicker now in the view of the time. And I can say this is Jose working this. I'll draw some conclusions. Some main points. I'm sort of summarizing. Digital identity and sovereignty is high in the EU agenda. It's important to embed values in the IT infrastructure. The control over this determines power relations in society. The idea that markets deliver the best solution, which you often hear also in political circles, I think we can fairly say, that fails in IT. Maybe the whole morning was devoted to that as well. Interestingly, in Irma's open running for a couple of years now, it does everything right, I'd say, between quotes. So you see the buzzwords here, open source print. But still what we noticed that governments find it very difficult to handle this. To deal with these civil society initiatives, because it doesn't fit that pattern. I have intense contacts with the Dutch government at various levels, at the national level, let's say for instance. Nice what you're doing. But here is the cue of all private organization, commercial organization. You join the cue at the end and we'll talk to you when time comes. All right, so although we share the values that good governments should have, they don't know how to deal with this. And maybe regulators can play an interesting role. Now open source, I think, and this is underestimated as a political mechanism. We talk about digital autonomy, it's a very, very effective mechanism that we should impose more strongly here in Europe. That's where I'd like to stop. I'm happy to take some questions. But again, there's a discussion later on this afternoon, in which I understand I will also be participating. Thank you very much. I think we have time for one question. Is there a question there? It works perfect. Thank you. No, I would like to know whether you have a collaboration only with organizations in Holland or also in other countries. And I'm curious which municipalities you have in pubhub. Which municipalities? They're Dutch municipalities. Amsterdam, Nijmegen, Amsterdam, Nijmegen, a couple of more. We haven't a full list of this yet. You're in the municipalities sector then. I have been talking to people in Belgium frequently to get a system like IMA off the ground in another country. You need to be connected to these identity sources. And for this, we really need local people who stand behind this and say let's do this. Now, there are some talks with Open Belgium here that maybe they can play a role in this. But that is really the starting point. On a global scale, there are a few attributes in IMA which are reliable in that sense. So email address is set. So we can add an email address in your phone. We do by checking sending you a random message and you have to type in a number. Similarly, we can add a mobile phone number. That works in Europe. I don't know if it works globally. We changed it recently. So you can add also attributes from Twitter, from your Twitter account also from LinkedIn. But this is self-declared. It's totally unreliable. So you really need reliable sources. So if you're close to the government, you're happy to help. In the Netherlands, it's interesting. So I live in Nijmegen. It was the city of Nijmegen who made the connection. But the connection works nationally. So it was a city who was audacious enough to say, we'll do it. And actually it was funny that the national government, the national ministry of internal affairs in the Netherlands, it got out of the mind that this municipality did this. They said, it's our responsibility to do this kind of thing. Yeah, but you've not been doing things for 10 years. And so you need some people who have the guts to do something and I'm happy to work with them here in Belgium. So this is an open hand. Thank you very much. This is all the time we have. Thank you, professor Bart Jacobs. I'm always happy to hear stories where local governments take the step forward. So thank you for the inspiration. Thank you. So we had some speakers describe the journey, what's happening in identity and personal data. Now we go to another domain which has been under stress the last two years. It's Tourism. And so I invite Jospec and Seppe and the third colleague. Yeah, wait. My memory is terrible. Pieter van der Venet, who will talk about what's happening in the West of Flanders. Genta is the capital of the West of Flanders. So it's okay that they're here. I would like to give the... Where's the walk around mic? Yeah, because there's three of them. Ah, you all have. Okay, perfect. Thank you. The floor is yours. Thank you. Hello, everyone. After two professors, a bit more light subjects, tourism. First of all, we will show a campaign, a simple campaign, pinje punt. Let's go back two years in time. 2020, 2021, we had a pandemic and it's lockdowns. And in this period, Heureka was closed and cycling and hiking was, in fact, the only thing people could do freely. So that there was a huge increase in online cycling and hiking routes, route planning users. There was an immense broadening of the target group of these route planning apps and online route planners. But, and also different needs of these users. In fact, the hiker was not 50 years by standard. They became younger. There were also young families with young children who became hikers in this period. So different needs in the route planning process of tourists and recurrence. Public toilets. There was a different need like public toilets. Cafes, pubs, restaurants were closed. Playgrounds for children, charging locations for e-bikes. Picnic tables. They were not or not enough. The data of these things were not accessible or they didn't exist. So tourist governments didn't have the missing POIs. And we didn't have the data to share with, as open data, with route planning apps. Or the data was spread over the different provinces, municipalities, agencies. Or the data was stored in various formats with different attributes, et cetera. So we were searching and found open street map. A big question was if there was a big problem. The different layers were, the data quality was not what it's supposed to be. The POIs, they were not pointed in a whole, we didn't have Flemish sets to share with route planning apps. So the question was how to get citizens municipalities en institutions contributing. So in fact we kept it simple and we thought, yeah, the Y of the POI, we made it clear with a short message. Data from hikers, for hikers and data from bikers, from bikers for bikers. And we made a short campaign movie with the right face for this campaign, it was Sam de Bruin. Maybe it only takes a minute. I don't know if you have a sound, probably not. Zou het niet de maks zijn als we al die punten met elkaar zouden delen. Terwijl de fiets aan het opladen is, kunnen wij hem bijtanken. Zo'n dingen op voorhand weten, maar geplannen van je fiets en wandelroute is een pak gemakkelijker. Denk maar aan oplaadpunten voor je e-bike, openbare toiletten, rustpunten, speeltuinen voor de kinderen. Dus als we nu samen al die handige punten verzamelen, dan vind je ze binnenkort terug in je favoriete fiets of wandel app. Ga naar toerismevlaanderen.be slash pin je punt en deel je favoriete hotspot in de natuur. Het is al een communiteit, het is al een communiteit voor over 15 jaar. Er zijn verschillende programma's om te editeren. Er zijn verschillende data users. Er zijn ontdekende contributoren. Dus het is echt een geweldige ecosysteem. En note dat je er allemaal van bent. Je kunt ook alles leren kennen over verschillende editoren, zoals josem en id en mapcontributeren. Je kunt alles leren kennen over punten en wezen. En alle andere technische dingen. En alle municipalities die gaan mee, gaan alle dingen leren kennen. Om te zeggen dat het niet echt gaat gebeuren. OpenStreetMap kan echt verkeerbaar zijn voor nieuwe contributoren, voor de governmenten. Just effect alone, dat als je de contributoren open hebt, je ziet alle gebouwen en de rotsen en de POIs. Het is echt verkeerbaar en het is echt hard voor mensen om te beginnen te contributeren. En dat is waar ik ben. Ik heb een kleine tool gecreëerd, een website. Het is called MapComplete. En het eentje is om een simpel te gebruiken. MapViewer en een simpel te gebruiken. MapEditor. En zonder een map met alles. Ik heb verschillende maps. Ich of een, iets van die focust op één single topic. Dus ik heb een kleine collage gemaakt. Dus op de linker, je hebt alleen toiletten. En dan is er een map met alleen bicyclergelijke punten, zoals punten en zo. Dan een met CycleStreets. En de laatste, heel Belgisch. Een met french fries shops met friturs. Dus, zoals dat, het is heel makkelijk om een map te zetten, die interactief is. En dat is precies wat ik heb gedaan voor Tourism of Landry. Dus ze vragen mij om een map te zetten met elektrische charging stations, elektrische bikes, playgrounds, benches, picnic tables, zo. Dus je hebt een mooie simpel map. En als je op het klik, dan is de user met een pop-up. De pop-up ontdekt een paar image's, ontdekt een paar attributes. Dus vooral weten we dat het zand is. We weten dat het begint van 4 jaar van dit playground. En dan, als de user een zone is, er is iets dat we nog niet weten, of of niet. De playground is lid. En dan kan de user het lid klikken of niet. Ze klikken de save button. En dat is het. Het is in OpenStreetMap direct. No hassle. En we proberen een heel low barrier manier te veranderen. En een nieuw punt. Just as simple. Je klikt de map. Je klikt de type van punt dat je wilt adden. En je begint te starten. Dat is een deel van de verhaal. Natuurlijk. Alle deze verschillende turistische agenties en municipalities. Ze hebben allemaal hun eigen data sets over picnic tables en benches en playgrounds. En we wilden te integreren deze ook. En. Dus voor dat hebben we de tooling te veranderen. Dus eerst, als de data set is van extreme hoge kwaliteit, kunnen we een kopje veranderen in OpenStreetMap. Maar zelfs dat. Het is niet simpel. Want je hebt te veranderen de attributen in OpenStreetMap. Attributen. Je hebt te checken dat de municipality is niet al in OpenStreetMap. En dan make a decision on which one to keep. So that's a lot of work and it needs a lot of review. And that's why we set up a process specifically for the rhythm of landering where we put these points online in a kind of parallel database and where people could review it before actually adding it into OpenStreetMap. So these are the review candidates. And then again, it's all about making it as simple as possible for contributors to review. So this is review process in initial. There is a question mark. People are offered the option to like say, oh, it's wrong. It's not correct. Or it's indeed there. Let's add it. And then once it added, they can start adding images. They can start adding attributes just like that. So in a few seconds time, especially if people are local on their phone, they can just like add it finituted exactly right location. And yeah, there we go. No, of course, loading a data set is a bit more complicated. Someone has to do it. Someone has to clean it up. Has to review it. And then I built a tooling which is reusable for more than just pensions and picnic tables. But I built a tooling to load up the data set, to review it, to check if it's on the right location on the map. Some more checks for correctness and then to create a note on the map for people to review. So yeah, that's the technical part. One of the different things was set up. The campaign was launched and then we've got some results. So we launched the public campaign a little over a month ago. So we're not even at two months. We've had lots of responses. We had lots of very qualitative contributions. We've seen over 1,100 new points created via the system I've just shown, which is quite a success. We've had, on plus on that, 85 points of the imported points which were added as shown. But because it's a parallel database that's seen by lots of open streamer contributors. Other contributors, which weren't directly related to the campaign, added and reviewed 135 of these points via other means and they added it. And it's very hard to put a number on that. But because of the increased awareness, some more points were added on these topics too. And then there was also one dataset on benches which was of extremely high quality. We imported 400 of them directly. And over 1,000 points we didn't have to bother with because they were already in open streamer. Some other cool numbers, 560 images were taken in the field. These are all openly licensed and reusable. And over 4,200 questions were answered. So over 4,200 attributes were updated or added in just a span of one more than a whole by people contributing via this. So that's a very nice result. That's actually very impressive. And of course a talk about maps can't be complete with a little map. So here these are, this is an overview of where people may change. So we see that there is a pretty nice coverage over everywhere in Flanders. And it's not visible, but we had also one edit in London and a few in the north of the Netherlands. And then one in France, I think. A few in Wallonia, because some of us went to Wallonia and added points there. En even in Kosovo, of am I? No, Saraje, ja, somewhere in the Baltic States because some core contributor tested it out there as well. So the system we built, it's been applied here in Flanders, but it's reusable all over the world because we're reasing open stream map. And that's pretty awesome. So remember we're doing this for cyclists and hikers and that's where I come in because I work for West Tour in the provinces of West Flanders. And we heavily rely on open street map data, for example, to make maps. You see a printed map in the middle. You see these little icons with benches, with picnic tables, with playgrounds, all of these categories that are collected via Pinyapunt, but also via OpenStreetMap in more general. We also have these maps on the terrain itself. So these all benefit from the campaign. Of course we live in a digital society. The cool thing with Pinyapunt is that whenever you map or add a playground or a picnic table in this example on the left, it automatically appears on the OpenStreetMap base layer which is used in many, many, many different places. But to find these benches and these picnic tables, it's a bit difficult sometimes. So in specialized apps for hikers and cyclists, you can ask to highlight certain categories. So for example in Komot, an app that many people use to go hiking or cycling, you can ask to highlight playgrounds in this example. In Osmond, another cool app to go walking or cycling, you can put in your own filters, for example here. It's almost lunch, so we are looking for a picnic table or a bench to eat our sandwiches and this is easily done as well. Something that Visit Flanders did was to also offer the data not only via the OSM ecosystem because we are all OSM enthusiasts and we know how to use these data for example the municipalities where people work with GIS software. It's a bigger step to use these data and they're more used to, for example, web feature services which easily integrate with GIS software. So we made these data available as well and this is a map that I just updated this morning with QGIS which shows in, so this is all the data that Visit Flanders is offering as open data via web services. In red, I have to just check the cycling networks in green, the walking networks and the white points are all the POIs in the categories that Pinyapunt also collects. So not only collected by the Pinyapunt campaign but Pinyapunt contributes to all these different POIs. A few conclusions or learnings from this campaign maintaining high quality datasets is hard work and a lot of municipalities a lot of other government organizations do this put a lot of effort in it but the question should be asked should these government organizations collect these data all by themselves of should they ask help from the community because many hands can make light work. We now see many hands working in government but they do not always work together and if we work together in the way that we did we can see that it's really light work to have an amazing dataset already now. So I have no fear of reusing these crowdsourced data crowdsourced data and rely on crowdsourced in its initiatives. Something that was also in the in the previous talk it's not in the pattern of governments to to do these new things to have this new way of working. We heavily focused on reuse how can we make it as interesting as possible for data re-users and as easily as possible. But we see for governments who focus on processes on control and things like that that's still quite a big step. Now Visit Flanders is a government organization we Visit Flanders asked the provinces five of them to work on this project. So we already changed a few minds within the public sector and that's a good thing and we hope it spreads throughout the public sector. So while it may hurt our eyes sometimes the future is bright I think. Make sure to visit the afternoon workshop on Pingepunt and Mapcomplete that is presented by Peter to learn more about the tools and also how to set up your own team. Thank you. Thank you very much. Are there any questions? High profile question no doubt. I loved, I mean got really excited and Patricia Vaca who is here a part of my team also made a comment now that this is the perfect tool to get the new generation of enthusiasts of openness. I think that I mean I just wanted to congratulate for the great work but also like ask you know like if you have any examples of involving like you know kids and young people in these crowdsourcing processes because because it is really powerful in the second follow-up is one of the my obsessions like really deep obsessions is how can we get the small businesses and the small actors out of the you know this mix of dictatorship between Facebook and Google because basically I come from Guatemala you know in the little villages there you know it's so sad dat if you have a little community center of hiking through Facebook you know like you can only find them on google maps and and basically like not not only you know like it's a problem of what is available and what they know but it is also a problem of when they have a problem with the establishment on facebook or it changes there's so many barriers for people who do not speak like you know the usual languages and open street maps community is great so just questions like you know how how this really can transform the tourism industry also for you know like developing countries and communities struggling and how can we get the young blood in thanks maybe it's it's good to to mention that we actually did this campaign for small companies so the companies we asked for input were not Facebook or Google but really companies that offer these very popular apps for walking and cycling but the the nice thing about them is that they are often focused very locally so for example the the walking note networks are known in in belgium and the Netherlands but I don't know in the rest of the world we if we we have other examples of them so we have these apps that are used on a very large in in a very large amount and that really benefits from all these data they use open street map all of them all these walking and cycling apps and we ask them well how can you can we help you even more and they said well by gathering these POIs that are relevant for our users so this is just the way it works and here we have the benefit that the data was all already good all the walking and cycling pots are in open street map now we just had it to add the the POIs and it's indeed a question of building up the quality of the data but I think here we are doing quite fine and about the question on getting young people involved it's a very good question it's a very hard question also I'm trying to make it easier for everyone to start contributing but then one could pretty easily build a team that specifically shows interesting topics for kids or people with kids or for example for youngsters and then yeah it's that could be a way to make it easier for them to use the data and to contribute the data but then again it's also very hard to break them away from Google Maps because Google has a big ecosystem and points everyone into their ecosystem again and again and the open source movement can be an answer for that but right now it's also quite hard to move out of it if if one uses Google search and Google search points them to Google Maps and stuff like that so it's I don't really have an answer right away I can also say that I've seen on map complete I think around Frankfurt there was a college teacher who asked his students to contribute something via street complete or via map complete and then I saw quite an influx of new contributors who made some changes and it could be interesting to have college professors or even high school professors on board with the dedicated yeah with dedicated courses and with the dedicated team that says like oh these are interesting things that could also be a path to travel thank you we have time for a final question a short one did you have any cases of trolling, added wars or the kinds of abuse for instance of local cafes self promoting themselves extensively and if you have mechanisms to deal with this sorry for the negative question no it's a very it's a very valid question so open street map in general has very little vandalism it happens every now and then but it's extremely rare on the big editors which are somewhat confusing and somewhat difficult to use we see that new contributors do make mistakes but these are well-intentioned mistakes but they just break something accidentally that's about 30 or 40% of the first few changes they make it's really high but then again we've got very seasoned contributors in Belgium and other countries too every new edit is checked by a volunteer and the data is in continuous use by various actors so if a big mistake happens it gets corrected really fast so for example it's Facebook maps it's Instagram maps it's some parts of Bing and Apple maps come from open street map but also Osmond maps.me various cycle planners various heavy users so if a mistake is added it usually gets fixed within the first few hours from map complete I haven't seen vandalism or really bad edits I've seen occasionally a shop or a café adding themselves and adding somewhat advertisement language in it, but not that it's it's over the top or not that it's disturbing okay thank you very much so this concludes the first part of this very interesting day so far what I learned is we got some high profile speakers we talked about the relevance and the state of open data which is still there the importance of identity and which is happy for me as a lifelong civil servant that there's still a role to play for governments dat we shouldn't rely on multi-billionaires buying platforms to create communities because we are still responsible for them their selves and yeah some great uses of open source both for identity and how to map your environment and get engagement that way so thank you very much for that so what's going to happen now we are having lunch that's on the grand floor I would like to invite people to take the scenic route so you just go outside take the stairs and the lunch will be there so after the lunch it's a very interesting program but you have to choose you cannot do all of it so there's the workshops and the keynotes three of them are happening here in this room one is on the first floor not the grand floor but the first floor but the program is also on the accessible through the QR code and there's also demos and the open data bike ride it's not necessarily by bike you can walk it as well or yeah and there's so free bike courses for people who don't know how to ride a bike no so yeah and then at five o'clock we reconvene at the place where there's lunch for for the after session drinks then days like today you know they're not possible without the support of some great partners besides my employer the city of Gantan district 09 or IT partner we also would like to thank Agentschap Bindlands Bestuur which is of the Flemish administration also the Digital Flanders Agency which is quite instrumental in pushing these teams forward as well then we have ID-Lab open summer of codes Red Pencil one of the companies and Mix thank you very much for your support so for you your attendance openness openness has its limits which means take care of your stuff that you leave it here because sharing there's some limits there will be people here but we cannot guarantee anything I think those are the things I had to say perfect so we'll see each other at lunch so outside on the first on the ground floor that direction thank you very much and see you later today