 This study evaluated the factors affecting intraoperative and postoperative complications in retrograde intrarenal surgery. It found that the presence of residual stones was the main risk factor for intraoperative complications, while the presence of residual stones and solitary kidneys were the main risk factors for postoperative complications. Additionally, the stone-free rate was 57.6%, and the overall success rate was 74.8%. This article was authored by Cunit Ozden, Chetan Volcanostikin, Sahin Pali, and others.