 This study found that promoting electric vehicles in Japan could lead to higher carbon emissions than expected due to the transfer of emissions to other countries. Therefore, it is important to consider the entire life cycle of vehicles when making decisions about their production and use. Governments and the automotive industry should work together to develop policies and regulations that account for both domestic and global emissions. This article was authored by Yuya Nakamoto, Shoei Tokito, and Minomi Kito.