 Good morning everybody. I am Dr. Sachin R. Gengze, Professor and Head, Department of Electronics Engineering at Valchand Institute of Technology, Solar Probe. Welcome to a short lecture on data and database. Learning outcome of this session include at the end of this video after watching this video you will able to differentiate between data and database. As the famous investigator Sherlock Holmes has said, data, data, data, I cannot make a brick without a thing. So it means for getting any inference out of the situation what Sherlock Holmes requires is the data. He cannot churn out information without a data and the very basic of his investigation is the data. This sentence is more true in today's era or today's world because we are leaving in an era of data and we can see data everywhere around us. Now first we should understand what is the data. We know that this modern organization create and stores vast amount of data through different storage methods. Before we understand this data let us formally define what is a data. Now the data can be defined as an elementary description of a thing, event, activities and transactions that are recorded, classified and stored not necessarily in an organized way. To take an example of your class data maybe as a teacher I'm storing the data of the class as the roll number then the name of the student, the address of the student. So you can see that here the thing is a student and his description like his name, his roll number, his address can be stored. If I'm conducting any examination say online class test then it can be an event or activity and then the marks scored by the student or the attendance of the student can be the description of the activity or the event which I can also store. Then there can be certain transaction for example the student is exchanging the books in a library so that can be a transaction and then the data corresponding to this transaction can also be recorded. So as you can see a data is nothing but a very basic description either of a thing or an event or any activity or the transaction and then all this all this data is being recorded classified. The classified means it is it is divided and then it is stored not necessarily in an organized way. When we talk about the word data we have an in we have we almost everyone of us we think that the data is only a numerical data. No data can be numerical data for example the roll number of the student can be a numerical data, his name can be an alphabet data, his address can be an alphanumerical data so it is a combination of alphabets and the numerical. Similarly if I'm storing the photo of a student in my in my data of a class data then that data can be image also right. So there can be audio there can be video all this description of anything or event or activity in form of numerical, alphanumerical, alphabet, images, audios, videos, everything is a data. Now, as I said in today's world, the various organization they are they are generating huge amount of data on the right hand side you can see the various units that we are popularly using like a kilo mega giga tera beta exa zeta and Utah and how much how much data just to give you a flavor of how much of data is being generated every day the amount of data we produce every day is truly huge huge there are it is estimated that there is a 2.5 quintillion which is nothing but 2.5 exa which is equal to 10 raised to 18 bytes of data is created every day at the current pace and the and the and the wonder about the data or we can say the advantage of the data or the disadvantage of the data is that we cannot throw out yesterday's data in spite of keeping yesterday's data or one month before data or older data every day the new data is being added into the world. Now, this as this data is increasing exponentially, we can say that and again it is estimated that 90% of the data what we see in today's world is generated or only the last two years and and that is that is what we can say that the data is increasing every day the organization need to protect the old data at the same time the new data is being added every day what are the sources of data where from the data comes the data comes the major source of the data is worldwide web then the data also comes from the social media communication or all all different type of the digital communication data also comes from that digital photos services like the music or streaming or e-commerce and another source of data which is now coming up is internet of thing so all these all these are the sources of data which keep on adding data every day now why data is important why data is important as I say the modern organization they create and store vast amount of data now with organization having a different type of data and and and and and for technology required for storing analyzing and reporting of data and these technology must be powerful and fast the powerful in the sense that that these technologies or the infrastructure these organization have to handle the data it must be able to handle a large amount of data and then the data must be analyzed or if there is an query with the data that must be served fast enough now the data is being processed using computer programs and those programs we are calling as an application now data can be an asset to the company because if the company or the organization manages that data properly and then from that data and information can be generated and consuming this information can increase the productivity and hence the profit of the organization and that's why the data is very important for any organization then we can understand what is the difference between data and database we know we talk about or rather sometimes we use these words these two words interchangeably what is the data and data atoms we already defined what is the data data is nothing but elementary description of the thing event activities transaction that are recorded classified and store but not necessarily in an organized manner and this data can be numeric alpha numeric alphabet images audios videos right now when these data atoms are stored in an organized way so that it can be properly retrieved then we can call that as a database so database is nothing but a data stored in systematic data stored in an organized way so that either the data atoms can be retrieved easily or the data atoms can be converted into information and can be retrieved easily now we can say that instead of storing the data of a class just in a any way if we store the data like rows and column where the rows represent the role role represent the role represent a entry of a particular student and the column represent the various attributes like a role number name address and gender now this is a systematic way of storing the data and we can say that it's a basic table in a database because suppose I want an information what is an address of the role number five I can go to this table and can find out role number five is address f five narmada apartment or I can if I want an information like how many how many boys and how many girls are there in a class I can scan the gender column and then I can find out how many boys and how many girls are there so data when stored in an appropriate way is called as the database now here is the first question for today's lecture so what is the difference between data and database so you can pause the video for a while and then then then differentiate between what is a data and database with an example so I think that you have now it is very clear to you what is the difference between data and a database we can go further and we have understood the first two things what is a data and a database now this can be extended further to have some more terms like information knowledge and wisdom what is the information information is nothing but data atoms that has been organized so that it has a particular value or a meaning to the recipient if we can extract some meaning or value out of the data atoms then it becomes an information knowledge is is gained when the information in consume and use for the decision making so whatever the information we are taking out of the database if we can use it for particular decision making or particular application then it is called as the knowledge and wisdom is an integrated knowledge information made super useful wisdom is also defined as knowing the right thing to do now let us take an example of this data information knowledge and wisdom so as you can see this is a this is an example of an autonomous car suppose the sensor system or the image system of the car reads certain coordinate okay so that is a raw data now assigning a meaning to that that is a particular south facing traffic light on the corner of a particular square becomes red that is a meaning now the context is that the particular car is driving towards the same square and then it means that the signal which is meant for us is now it has now become red so that is a knowledge and then the wisdom is that whenever I have a red signal in front of me then I should stop the car so that is called as the wisdom so you can see that from a raw data which represents certain image coordinate and certain data or data picked up by the sensor that raw data can be converted into information information can be converted into knowledge and knowledge can be converted into wisdom so this we have seen and with that we come to the end of this lecture the references I have used for this lecture include information technology for management by Durban Volvino and Renner Potter and the second book is Information System by Ralph Steyer and Renors thank you very much for listening and attending this lecture thank you