 So, Alan's from South Africa, he's the CEO of Mixed, which is, as you guys saw in the other video, this section, Africa's largest mobile social network, he's a mobile network, social network program, okay. So, Alan's here, he's been here for three days and he's leaving tonight, and he's leaving in half a day, very late, I'm going to talk to us. There's no slides out there, it's just in the description about the story of the user how he came to be, and Alan's, you're not the one that I came to, it's the part that I'm coming to. So, cool. Scatter, yeah. Sir, I'm very rich, yeah, for the exit. No, I'm standing in Scatter, thanks. So thanks for the invitation, it's very nice to be here, it's my second time in Bangalore. So, I guess the reason I was asked is to maybe explain a little bit about how it makes it, which is a South African country, and I've got the magic when it came to building community across future phones, all the way to smartphones in the African context. So, I'm going to take you a little bit back, and I'll just put you on the picture, I'll say, what is, how are we going to make some story, and then I'll tell you exactly how it makes it built with science, it doesn't take too long. And then I'll also tell you about some of the insights we've had since we've taken over. So, as I said, I've got a company called World of Avatar, which has a number of companies doing mobile apps for Africa, consumer financing, specializing in done things. So, we don't think that everybody, the reason we're out here, nobody's got a smartphone. Unless you call it a MacBury smartphone, and if MacBury is a smartphone, then about 10% of the population is on the smartphone. The rest is future phones, and it's not just that that's the market, 70 to 85% of all phones being sold in every single month in South Africa, which is at the head of the rest of the continent, are still future phones. So, long, long way away from Android, and iPhone, and Windows Phone, and Apple Action. So, we focus on types of apps that we process all across the planet, selling at the bottom of the world, World of Avatar. We came across an exit about a year ago, like 10 months ago, and South Africa makes it quite a famous company. It was a very successful, obviously quite successful, to put it into context. It has about 55 million registered customers in about 100 countries. It makes most of its money through selling content. So, it's an instant messaging application. But people can, they check for free effect, free SMS to free text. But, when you're in there, you can also go and buy in music, or wallpapers, or games, or things like that. So, about 70% of the business revenues actually generate a few months of money for conceptions. Just to put it in context, the type of people that use the application I fix it are under the age of 30, and they are incredibly engaged. So, the average active mixed user spends eight hours a day in Mexico, both of them. The messages, I mean, we're talking about a lot of messages, so, I mean, of course, this is not Twitter, but to put it in context, Twitter does, I mean, lots of two weeks ago, they released the stats saying they're doing about 400 million messages a day, both of them. And mixed, we do between 550 and 850 million messages every single day. And if you include, on top of that, content purchases, or the tickets for content to go to about 1.4 billion transactions every single day. Also, African software, all the edits come in so much. And so, it's quite good, well, no. I wonder if these stats weren't known in Africa, because it was only when I got into the due diligence that I learned about some of these little secrets. So, I was kind of minding my own business, and then I heard that a shareholder there were two shareholders, the founder, that are called Urban Hems, and a big media conglomerate called MustFace. We actually own the extent of 10 Cent in China as well. They had a bit of 49th shareholder. And anybody that don't own company? A couple of them. Do you have outside shareholders? Okay, just, it's like getting married. So, you must be careful before you choose somebody just for the money. You know, if you don't get along with them, people can't get divorced. And that's what happened, yeah. They got into bed about six years ago, and I had a bit of a long-distance time in the end, it just wasn't awakening. So, we set it back in. We did a due diligence, and we bought Brexit in its entirety from both of these guys. And subsequent to that, I found it to be an amazing story. Firstly, nobody really has owned the story, but the founders of Brexit were very paranoid, mainly because they had to be, because when Brexit started, it was a very, very, you know, hotel code didn't really like it, because it was penalizing their smiths and techs over and over. So, it's a classic DT service over the top. It's like stuck, but it's just where it's smiths. And so, they had to be paranoid. They didn't tell anybody, and they kind of flustered all the influencers, you know, they obviously spied that whole period, but their story never got out. So, we went into the due diligence, we got into control of the story. This is a story. And, you know, regardless of what happens with me and my crew going forward, I mean, if we do destroy this thing, then, well, that's what happens. But, at least there was some success up until now. And then, we actually started to write the book about the whole thing, as an example of what can happen in an African context, especially around using mobile applications and 3G. So, at least it started in 2005. Just to put it in context, I'll advocate how ubiquitous 3G networks were in 2003. So, complete coverage everywhere. So, in 2004, a couple of guys, a money-owned and behind-the-screen man, they were in their early late 30s. They had children in the beginning, they were sitting in the bar for a day or four day, how can we make an app that people can use? And then, they thought, well, maybe it would be really cool for people to be able to adapt for free. And then maybe they can write some kind of J2ME app that you can download and do as old feature books. So, they did. And this thing kind of, for some reason, caught on in a very low income community, outside of Cape Town, where I think it was going to be Cape Town, but outside of Cape Town there, is a township called Cape Fats. And it's probably one of the most dangerous places in the world. And it's definitely one of the first places in the world. But it makes it, for some reason, caught on in the high schools in the Cape Fats. And in case we're using it, it takes some time. And the reason, I mean, one of the reasons it caught on, it was quite difficult to get around J5. So, I mean, the cool kids have figured out how to put it under their phone, and you weren't cool, unless you knew how to get on your phone. And obviously, you weren't cool if you weren't chatting to your friends on next and the moment. So, it was a little bit funny at the bit. And most people think the easier you make things, the better chance it has the option of just asking people. But it doesn't, you know, sometimes it's that kind of funny angle. And that's what kind of gave it the coolness catcher. The, I mean, just a picture, I mean, if you guys, I'm assuming most of you have a side phone, the old Nokia phones, which are sort of the vice majority ones, that kind of push the menu. There we go. We've got some ideas, we've got people with it. You push the menu, and it goes messages, and it goes all settings, and register and all that stuff. And then, you would literally go to the web option and you can't really see anything anyway. But if you download, if you type end.mx.com, let's say it would be like the download method, you could download, and the next time you went through your settings, you'd actually see Mixed as one of your settings, like messages or register, Mixed. And then you'd go into the world of Mixed. So it started there, but they started having problems. So I saw that when people downloaded Mixed, they would go in, and they would look for something to talk to you. But if there was not the online, they would leave the room and wouldn't come back. Mixed is a synchronous social network. So unlike Facebook, which is asynchronous, you go to Facebook to catch up on your photos and the lines that you've written so early. Mixed, you go in there for a real-time conversation. If you can't talk to anyone, you leave. So how would they get the critical maximum? How do you kind of get to the chicken and egg extraction? If there's no one in the room, you don't want to go to the room. No, you guys don't want to see them in the room. So the Mixed does create a little artificial intelligence part called Lucy, which became an automatic frame. So as soon as you download the Mixed, your orders had this automatic frame that was online all the time. And it was just a machine. And you'd say, hi, Lucy. And Lucy was like, how are you, fine? And you had this really, really stupid conversation back and forth, but somebody who obviously was not here. And just these canned answers. But that kept people in the system for about 20, 25 minutes. And once you're stuck in the system, somebody else would come to the room and you could talk to that other person. But the real trick was, my name should do something called Foo. And Foo was Lucy's dark, evil, elder ego. And Foo would abuse you. So you had to hide Foo and she'd tell you stuff often, leave me alone a little bit more and kind of abuse your stuff and stuff. And it turns out people really like to be abused. So the average person would say about an hour and a half talking to Foo and being abused. And part of the magic of Foo was that Foo wasn't an automatic frame. So when you have to figure out how to add Foo, it was like tricky to kind of find her in the contact system and all that stuff. But of course, the kids in the high schools, they would like to have you spoke to the Foo. And they'd go, no, what's Foo? And they'd go, oh, I'm a contentee. And the cool kids are the ones in you how to find Foo in the system. That kind of got the vibe out of the ego. So we went to like 30,000 users in the capital, sort of in the 16 months. And it just jumped like a virus to the Indian community of Durban. And from there, we were far all around the country. And after about 18 months, they had about a million customers. So it was pretty good. But they were running out of money. So the founder of Durban, Guinness, who was an Armenian, and he served for guys for two months. And then we switched over to Texas. We just don't have any money, though. So there was a guy inside me who was a bit of a funny guy. And he changed to be a pastor, a Christian pastor. Then he decided not to do that. So he became a magician for a while. And then he decided that was important. So then he became a shaman, a Peruvian, spent a lot of time in Peru, and drinks magic potions. And then he was a coder, as well. So he figured out how to cope. And this guy was one of the original techies there. And he said, well, why don't we create chat rooms? So in Mexico, the concept in Mexico is you don't need persons to person conversations for free. But if you want to participate in a group conversation, they would create chat rooms. You can participate in group conversations. But those messages are pay-for. So they created a virtual currency called Mula. And the way you got Mula is you'd send a premium rate of SMS to the talker. So you'd send a two-round SMS to M10. And M10 would credit your Mula for your Mesa ID 200 ticket, 20 Mula over two-round. And Mesa would get the revenue share out of the talker. And then every time you send a message into the chat room, it would take two Mula over. So it's a very small transaction. It's less than one cyber-pricing SMS, which is around $1. So it's a really small amount of the transaction. And it became a self-funding after two months. And today, there's just the chat room revenue. So it's like a small little transaction, but less than one SMS. I think the total US dollars is about $3 million a year at the general end of that. But it's not cost-of-sale. It's not cost-of-sale. OK. And then we got some funding. And then Herman bought on NUSFASS as partners. And then they kind of spent the next few years growing, growing, growing. And I've already made a few mistakes along the way. But the one thing I've learned, which maybe I'm a little slow to all these things, is when I saw you all at Avatar, I thought, hey, we're going to solve all these little mobile companies. And it's a no-brainer. There's no competition. And there's really not a lot of competition that's like, if you could do something. So it can't be that hard to all the community. And a lot of that stuff just failed. So all of them, we had enough money. We had two of the guys that were working hard enough. You know, you've got to do the right things. But we just couldn't get through. And I started realizing that a big chunk of all of this is just lack of money. If not 80%, it's just pure lack of timing. Well, I don't know, but it's not in your control. So that was, you know, when we finished this due diligence at Nixon, we understood the story of the whole thing. And you realize how much lack was involved. I just, I mean, a lot of hard work and we were just frustrated. But you also have to look at this going since this is a very cool thing. I thought I'd rather spend a lot of money buying that lack than spend a whole lot of money and pray that I get the lack at the same time. So that's where, and that's where Mexico got to. So in a sense, it's quite an interesting phenomenon that grows between 25,000 and 50,000 new castings a day. All over the world. I mean, right now, we're seeing a spike in Syria. I'm not sure if it's related to what's going on in Syria. But we have people signing up in Tajikistan. We've got like a million or 2 million people in Mexico. I think Mexicans think it's Mexican because of MX. I think there's some side factor in Indonesia. We've got about 2.5 million customers in Indonesia. I don't even know what's going on. I don't understand what's going on because it's all in Indonesian and Spanish. So it's quite a dissolve. And what's really cool about it is it doesn't rely on, is this thing working? It doesn't rely on selling your data. So it's all an advertising group on this model. About 30% of the revenue is advertising. But the vast majority is setting content to people who supposedly don't have any money. So those money are taxed from lay-in communities. And it has a model that there's no incentive there to go and take all your information to somebody that may not tell you what they do with information, which may be a strategy of some companies are sitting about. So the one interesting thing is that, yeah. OK, so the one. One of the extra works is we've got citizens in the country. And the Mula, which was actually a stroke of genius, this kind of Mula digital currency because it enables very small payments. It becomes the money of the country, which enables the economy. And up until we took over, a lot of the mix of economy was very parasitical. Countries that build their own steel factories and own the national airlines and own the banks and open the land, which I think was quite necessary when you build this thing to start with, because you need the content in the system. I mean, only you'll build the content to what people can and people won't come into the content there. But it's a surefire recipe for being mediocre. And a lot of the content in the mix was mediocre, because it was all kind of enhanced. And the second part with that is that it's very difficult to get people to come into your economy if they're not sure that you're not going to compete with them on that. Is this here? OK, so people aren't going to come into it. Think of it as a telcos. The government has its own mobile operator, and then goes and issues a couple of licenses for private cars. So the private cars can be carefully before they take those licenses, because it's not necessarily a level playing field. So we've completely changed that strategy. And that's just the pure open API, taking a bit of a hit on the revenue, because we've basically privatized a lot of the content, like giving away the music business, giving away the chess business, all that stuff. And, you know, we'll just say, look, we're the government. We make sure the infrastructure is in place, and we set the rules and stuff. And you guys go make the money, and we tax you on the money. And, you know, so the whole business goes from trying to figure out how to make money to rather thinking about how to help other people make money. As long as other people are making money, we're making money. And it is actually quite a nice thing. And then people don't worry what our incentives are and all of that. And keeping in mind that there's quite a lot of content. It's all in this thing. There's games on massive, games on massive. These are simple phones with back-to-right screenings and mostly text-only, but there's over a million people playing a massively and all of that online game called Windows, where your job is to take over the moon and you can stand together, like in World of Warcraft, things like that. So it's very simple. The game dynamics are quite intensive. But the fact that it works across all these different phones is quite powerful. But in an African context, when developers, if you've got a lay-off, or if you've got a Kenya, or even in Zaibaga, it does off-face with many massive challenges, which actually makes it the best way to do things. One of our biggest compromises is developers in Africa, local content developers. The first thing that's on their face is which operating system to develop for. So I'm talking African. They're on their Android phones in Africa. I mean, people keep telling us that they're on their Android phones, but they're on there. They're definitely on their iPhones. And Windows, at the moment, is, you know, less than 300,000 iPhones. There's quite a lot of battery. A hell of a lot of battery. So in Nigeria, there's probably 15 million battery phones. In South Africa, there's probably 7 million. So that's quite a big market, and you can develop for that. But the problem with developers is they all think their brain is going to go out of business. So people don't want to develop for the battery API. Just in case a battery just doesn't exist one day, or the rules change, or there's a new owner. So the uncertainty around what's happening with battery means there's not a lot of confidence in building in a few five-year business right now. And then, of course, there's the feature phones. And there's like 200,000 different feature phones in the market, and they all require slightly different tweak if you write the J2ME after these sessions. So what sort of address is that? When the guy's right for the API, it gets published to all the different platforms. There's a lot of web devices running. The second thing, which is a massive problem, is that most people don't have credit cards or bank accounts, don't they? In South Africa, we've got a population of 50 million people, and we've got 1.6 million credit card holders. And we like the richest country in Africa. So the rest of it is just no credit cards. Not only do people, when there's no way of taking money out of their account without seeing the person, of course, you can even write an SMS. So the tokens are the major layer for building in this context. But the revenue shares aren't that generous. So Africa is quite generous. On average, you get about 60% or whatever you want. But in Nigeria, you get about 25%. So it's not that people can try all businesses from that, but it's tricky. Now, because of the winner, we had an audience where we followed the guy showing power, and we get banks to integrate seamlessly into our social payments. So you can actually EFT banks, things like that. You can get the telcos, we can go share further rates from the telcos to convert a time into a winner. And then we're working on agent models and plugging into microfinance schemes and all those kinds of things. So the problem with monetization in Africa is that you can't pull people without being in front of them and taking cash out of them. Somebody has to solve that problem. At least we have the capacity and the resources to solve that problem. And then the little bit of the benefit is they definitely don't have that time and resource anywhere else. What we're trying to do is reduce the cost of applying for the winner. The lower the friction cost of applying for the winner, the more money they're getting out of their revenue share so they can apply for the winner. The third thing for the guys is discovery. So how do you make yourself notice the problem you're not in? It's the entire mobile way back there. So how do you get people to know about your service and your product? Now, that's quite tricky because of course that means advertising or something. You have to get into the telcos, you have to broadcast through SMS or something. But how in Mexico there's a curated shop. So it is the incentive that is curated. And of course that means it's probably easier to plan. And also because we can talk with the audience and stuff like that, the guys find it much easier. So recently we had this interesting story about a company called MoTri, the best in Cape Town. And they were doing some third-party work for us on our washing systems. And as with most South African developers, they kind of thought Mexico was yesterday. Everybody must have a smartphone by now. And then while they were working with us, they looked at the system and go, oh my goodness, this is quite big. This is much bigger than we thought. And so they decided to write to a small app. And I mean, it's probably not gonna save the world. But it was called Judge Me. So you upload a photo of yourself and then the people in the app would judge you one out of 10. And then you go into a chat room and you can chat to people and judge people or whatever you want to do. And then if you wanted to skip a photo, pay a 10 with it, to skip a photo that you didn't want to rate. And if you wanted to message somebody whose photo you liked, pay a 1,000 with it. It's basically an infinity bail dating scheme. And in the first two weeks that a 250,000 photos uploaded, I think in two months' time, just over two months, but 1.6 million active users. And we paid them a check of about $10,000 on their revenue share amount. And they've been running these mobile web services for like three years now. It's just not getting any traction. They can't get users and they can't get engaged users. One thing getting the user, but then they see like the guy just doesn't use it once they've used it for the first time. And that's where they solve a lot of their problems. So they just stopped writing for the mobile web, really, because, and they stopped eating with telcos and stuff, that's what they try to do. Okay, so there's a couple of really important things that I've just seen from working with them, not that I'm part of it. And they can be, I mean, I'm not necessarily the average person in Africa. So for me, they are a part of the cycle. The one is that people are incredibly sensitive to price or data. So it's just not feasible to get people to Google Maps. Just not the way it is right now, because it speaks so much of your data. And you've got only so much in your pre-paid account, but you just kind of, you'll never go near that app, because you're not sure what's being charged. And you have to be, you have to have very, very clear transparency. And it's totally transparent what you're spending on your data book. So that's very key. There was almost a mini-revolution on the next user base where on one of the version upgrades, they automatically updated your avatar, your profile photo. With that, I was going to have it updated. I think the average, the average spend for your, on the air time bill was three round, went up for three round, which was, say, 40 US cents. And people almost came in and like, built the company, you know, there was a revolution. Because that's, you know, at one time it sounded like a lot of money, but it was, it wasn't money. And you might get quite sensitive. The second thing, which is very illuminating, is that most people only have one device in their line. But they don't have their phone. They don't have, they don't actually have their own personal TV, they think they don't have their own personal TV. They don't have a PC, or an iPhone, they don't have an iPad, they don't have a PlayStation. So there's no other distraction. You know, that's the reason, although we've got a fraction of the number of users that Twitter has, we do couple a number of messages that Twitter has, because these people, most people, have that one device, they're not driving there in car to it, so they're actually sitting in a taxi or in a train or waiting in a station, and they're filling time. And that device is there, gateway to the whole new world, both to their friend network, for meeting new people, for paying downloads, for listening to music, whatever. Very important, and that's why it's so massively engaged. And honestly, the worse the device, the more engaged the people are. The better the device, the more likely people are to have other devices. The last thing which was, for me, massively eliminating, is anonymity, and the importance of anonymity. So, I mean, my new joke reaction to anonymity has always been, it's really for users, or people who can't put their name behind their comments. Because the audience is very excited to see the comments section, and to be to something like these people. Racists, accusers, they're just, and they're always hard going to be soon enough. So I'm just looking at, no, I'm just looking at this. If you can't put, if you can't use your true identity online, then you've got something to hide. But then I saw those things inside Mixit. So, they're kind of an age of things where anonymity plays a massive role, and which is why I mean, someone like Mixit, of course. First thing is, one of the biggest applications from Mixit is drug, alcohol, teenage, pregnancy, gangsterism, constant. So, again, in the case of that, a lot of people have got tipped habits, like conjuring up through a man's, like a drug addict, or they're 16-year-old girls, pregnant, or whatever it is. And there's no means in their communities for people to get help, because sometimes the house is not available. Sometimes it's really available, but you can't get your friends to see you going into that social worker's office or anything like that. So, the power of anonymity is then, like a teenage girl who's 16, living in a Lisbon family, in the middle of that, so you know what's going to happen to her parents' partner, but there's this defined what she should do now, gives her a means of engaging with counselors that are selling somewhere else, through her phone, or through her phone, and see what she's doing. And I would just say at some point, get to the point where she will use her true identity and goes and gets help. For anything like that, for whether you think you've got HIV, whether you think you know you've got it again, and you're trying to get out of it again, you're not making it out of it again, all of those things must be powerful about anonymity. You can't engage those people at all. Second thing, very important, is for education. So, there's a number of educational apps that run through the mixed platform. One of the nicest is this one for Dr. Matt's. It's about 38,000 high school students in low income communities, or even extranet sessions by university students at the University of Victoria. And that's the problem. But it's set up by an American professor, actually. She works for CSI in South Africa, and she thought there's a way to connect kind of these clever students who want to make a difference without geographically distanced from kids that need extra help. And that kind of, that's been enormously successful, especially when the teachers don't start. And actually, one of the keys there was anonymity. So, when you're sitting in your class, you don't put up your hand, you know when the teacher says, does everyone understand what's going on? You don't put up your hand, no, I don't understand. One or two people that do do that are ostracized, at least in my school. So, everyone knows, you don't say you're stupid, you don't say you don't know what's going on, and then people get left behind in the class. And for me, at least, then I could go home, and I could be able to catch up on people. I didn't have internet back then, but you know, I've got my parents, but you know, most of the time you can't do that. So, the fact that people have a means now of anonymity without losing place to their friends, kind of getting that advice and extra helping and learning is quite powerful. And even more interesting is that a lot of teachers use it. So, if you think kids have peer-repressure when it comes to not being stupid, teachers have read a big book, and then a teacher can't ask for parents for some help, you know. And they can't ask about the teachers, because the teachers might start judging each other and you can't ask the kids. So, like, there need to be anonymity as well to kind of get ahead. So, anonymity is very, very important for that. I think a very big part of anonymity is meeting people. So, I know India has some issues on this, but I think there's proper issues. You know, we were black, colored, Indian, white, Afrikaans, English, there's nine black tribal languages which are as divided as whites and blacks. So, there's, like, lots of issues there. And the anonymity, the fact that people within Mexico, people know there's an avatar, you have a profile, but it's not necessarily that person. People can meet people without being judged. And most of the judging happens at a class, you know, like, for a kind of, and sometimes at a religious level. So, the Muslim versus Christian community. And that's layer, the fact that that gets taken away by the availability of pseudonyms and anonymity. It means people get to know each other without judging a book by its cover. And then when they get to the point where they've gotten to know each other very well, they can meet, and they do meet. And we've got hundreds of cases where people get married after meeting a mixer. But people that you would never, ever, ever, ever think would get married. They would never have told you that they would marry that person, but because they could get to the person behind the cover through the medium of anonymity as kind of the key. I mean, I think the last thing to say about something that makes it is that when you're kind of sitting in the bottom of the future, you know, the bottom of the social, income framework, you know, you're never by yourself. So you run the street with all the people in the street, you share a house with lots of people. You never ever, like, you never actually get to escape. And you know, not only are you never alone, but you're always reminded of your circumstance. So, you know, this world, this virtual world that makes it enables for the people at anywhere in the parliament, but especially those who kind of know it's not funny, is this guy. And, you know, you can be sitting in a room with a lot of people with kind of noise on his noise, but you can go into your phone, just like you see your kids in your year, but kids use your kid, kid's gone. Because they're in the phone, they're in a whole new world. They can be whoever they want to be. So they're not constricted by what people's expectations are on the new world. And they can distract themselves from what's going on. And it's fine. So it's absolutely addictive to the whole thing. And that for me, that was, that was really cool. And that again kind of brings back to 919. Of course, 919 can only take you so far. So in this country of Mexico, you can't engage in the economy without knowing your identity because you can't get rid of it. So there's always going to be ways of getting back to who the person is, but you know, you can see that the only reason something like Mexico Corpus, you get people in absolutely friction-free way of getting in, so just free, no matter what phone you had. And you didn't have to put in your personal details. And then get an advert for whatever it was that you want. So that was kind of all of the secrets to that whole thing. And then for us going forward, we see in the African context, it's quite a virgin territory. There's not a lot of competition. The big American companies like Facebook, Google are starting to move in and all that stuff. And that's really why competition is down the line. We, I mean, I take a view that companies are not just the product, I think is more the DNA of the company's hotspot. And that doesn't pay the change. And that determines how long it will last. And the interesting thing about, unlike, say, something like Facebook, which started trying to embarrass people and started them harder and screwed many people along the way. Something like Mesa has, I mean, started to help people. It was actually started by our parents. Not many tech companies in the world started by parents. Parents with kids who were like, over the age of six, I think. And they understand the dangers of technology for children and eating strangers and all of that stuff. So everything's kind of watched around that. It'll also understand the power that kids, kids and parents are going to make this. It was, it's started on mobile, just mobile. I mean, there is actually a PC client or Mac or PC in Narno's big prep, actually. We're trying to fix a lot of PC's experience on the nice little devices, but that's available. But the thing is, the trick and the reason it works on nice is it started on mobile and on future phones. And then, yeah, it started in, like, one of the first kind of primary communities in the world and the cat-bats and started right at the bottom. And it's kind of moving its way up the pyramid, so. Now, hopefully we don't make a mess of it. There's some extra books there, if you'd like to read a little story about that sort of thing. And let me, I'll just conclude with my normal life. So it feels like I'm on a rocket and I'm going to the moon, right? And it doesn't matter whether I reach the moon or blow it along the way, we'll be amongst the stars. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Questions, yeah? There is the standard kind of thing all of you are looking to do. You've got a ticket. And then, of course, kids can lie about that kind of thing. But I mean, everybody inside of your phone, I know, is a video kid of phone, and of course, you probably mix it up with something. That's the surprise. There is actually a lot of IP around educating parents and helping them feel comfortable around the kids using what they should do. One of the most interesting things that people find out is they don't have to worry too much about it. Very quickly, people will find out that there's somebody coming to a chapter and it's not their age, it's their age. So, you know, you think they might, they might, they can. And there's something like little shortcut commands that you can give inside chapters that spell people. That's the red card. Certain users from the chapters, they'll like to come back. The community organizes itself. I mean, the customer care, it's a lot of people. There's a lot of people who do, there's only seven customer care offers. The community itself, the forums, which manage all the issues around the factory or the standards that they have, like, to run. And then, the mix and start, they should only step in when there's a problem there. So, this was written inside. There's a total cost for a full switch which handles, like, 40 billion messages. I mean, 40 billion is bigger, it's bigger than what Telcos do in terms of switching. It's all written inside, so I think the total cost was about one and a half million dollars. And the total running costs, including salary sprees, is about one and a half million dollars. So, that's quite a lot, you know. So, you don't have to go spend 100 million dollars because it's not really that much. You mentioned that 30% of your revenue comes from advertising. And much of the rest comes from content. Can you share a bit more about the kind of content that you deliver through MixIt and who's the content from? Yeah, so, the revenue model is just on advertising. Don't call the business on advertising, unless you Google it. And at least on our context. We tried it, 100% of the business, we can suddenly do these little things. You know, we're gonna make money advertising, but the price is getting bigger. It's not a trend, but you can't make money on advertising. MixIt does make a lot of money on advertising, but it's enormously, enormously. And basically what it does is sell worldwide. So, you pay MixIt like 20,000 dollars and we'll send a message to the whole base and the world. You know, everybody in the base and the world will send a message saying buy a few more machines. Actually, the new revenue stream that's coming in now is research. So, we do a single point of view in Canada where we run surveys within MixIt. All content we don't pay for, but people are looking for something to do. And actually, most of these people never get asked their opinion on any of them. So, it's not called a survey, it's called, we want your opinion and they can pay for it. And we have, generally, we have between $4,000 and $15,000 respondents we get for hours on any survey of private questions. And now, we've started doing surveys, like who do you think are crazy about this? I hope it should be all that stuff that the newspapers are starting to write about. That's a myth. A few companies are coming to us saying, hey, can you do some surveys around talking to brands, people are going for something. So, that's, I think, a massive opportunity. Because traditional research is not done real-time, it's not done with such a big sum of the sizes and it definitely doesn't get to that part of the brain. Around content, the biggest content category is games. And that's chess, so we've got, like, half a million people have done that. The chess app, the chess, there's the second biggest content category, chat rooms. Then you've got music, there's like music. There's actually a massive content category around wallpapers, it's a habitat space, you know. What we'll do is we'll look at the metric, you can see that just before Manchester United Camp, there's a massive spike in people by Manchester United papers. And it's not after the game, it's before the game. See, it doesn't matter if man United wins or loses, but people want to tell their friends that they're a man United supporter. So wallpapers are very big. And there's some interesting things we're trying to experiment with. So it's never going to be these big labor brushes to basically put a little man between employers and unemployed. And the big problem is they'll put an advert out saying, we're looking for somebody with metric, basically do good at maths, once you get into a junior analyst position at mining, and then they'll get like 150,000 CVs. So they can't match, there's no full tips and they've got to do all those CVs. So we're doing some experiments with us now, so we'll segment our way. We'll say, how old do you want the person, geography, where do you want the person to go, male, female, okay. And well, why don't we just look at their chess average results. So we can see from the chess game, whether you play chess well, which basically indicates you've put it in maths, you're not doing it in strategy and stuff. And so profiling people to their, actually performance and gains and things like that to help the labor brokers match jobs and stuff like that. So there's probably some interesting helpers as well as they come out of that. So long as we're helping our audience, helping them out. When you can think about and say like, I'm helping the audience out. The citizens of the country can all do something like that. We don't necessarily want it like you do, you're all your friends to know that you just don't bring the C test before you tell your friends to bring it on. Becoming real. So we, our actual business model on main business model is, we'll be setting it. So there's three things we've introduced into the content ecosystem. One is electricity. Pre-vail electricity is massive, especially for our wins. And people find it very difficult to buy electricity. So you run out of electricity at 11 o'clock at night and you're like, no, I can't work that much. You drive to the spicer shop. You don't mix it at night, you can buy it but just keep it low for a longer period of time. So we get about an 8% rebate a month. The second thing is insurance. So it's actually one of the basic building blocks for the firm that's moving up. It's like having a safety net. So don't build, build, build. And then medical emergency happens, something happens only reset and you start building again. So, and the major problem around that is there's no real sashaying or insurance and so breaking insurance down from one month premium to a one-day agreement of a small agreement and then of course building. So we can get money out of people that are on credit cards. And then the major one is airtime. So in South Africa, 90% of all phones are rebate. So I'm sorry, in Africa, 99% of all phones are rebate. And there's quite a lot of margin in everything. And that price is quite cheap in the event for airtime and stuff. And South Africa is a little bit more expensive. But the nice thing about that is there's a lot of money in the distribution. So there's on average between 20% to 30% in the game if you sell pre-paid airtime for the telcos and we're gonna start selling them in a time limit. So an average user has about a $20 a month revenue per user and we will probably retain 20%, 20%, 30% a month. And actually, when we moved into that game, the telcos started seeing us as a friend not as over-the-top enemy. But the trick, of course, is don't do what Amazon does. And all of our deals and the reason we're getting some making of success with banks and telcos and stuff is, what Amazon does is it goes and goes to the publishers and says, do you always have your books and then passes all the discount into its audience and starts to price it. And do you guys use the product? So you can't do that over the telcos. You can never do that. You can never ever start a price with the telcos. The topic is your 2010 discount, you can't pass it to your customer. Because now you've dropped the price and there's a lot of war in the distribution chains. You sell it at the same price for the telcos that you've sold it at. You provide value in other ways. And then pay for insurance for the person giving them more games, payments and things like that. But that is the main philosophical thing. Small thing that's massive and don't discount. You mentioned pre-paid electricity. That's very unusual concept out here. It's all post-paid out here. So you have meters that actually know when to shut off. Yeah. So I think 90% of the households and every single household has electricity and 90% are pre-paid and it's just the real time which is up. And you can all take a red dot and then you can punch in a large number of people. That's post-paid. I knew of pre-paid electricity. Wouldn't you want to make it? I don't know. It's very nice for high income communities as well. We should control this now. Some municipalities around the world don't necessarily mind for efficiency. And it's not going to be a lot of billing problems. The council messes up the billing for the electricity. Then you've got to go through like two months of reconsideration of the council. So people are just prepared just to know what they spend. Obama, Abadji at the beginning of the month control my spend and it doesn't expire. And obviously anybody who's got a rental can actually do that. They're just using pre-paid electricity. So it's very big. I mean you have to see other big problems. But it's not a big problem. I think there's perceptions around one or two things. Like the truth is it's not a really... The biggest problem with electricity is that because this is very, very cheap. It's price by the government. It's less than the cost. So you can't really go to private sector. No one will invest in a very cheap size of electricity. But I mean there are always some problems in a tech business. But ANC has an amazing job around providing basic services to everybody. And they've just built the last kind of fund. So in the last few years, it's not as big of a difference. Videos might do. Why are some... So for me, yeah. That's... But basically all I need to do is to be wrong. We've published... We started publishing on a very high end political analysis news site. For Lady Magic, which is... But all the decision makers, only the opinion makers, is out there already being... And we've... So we've put them in a fixable manner available. Because they're not... You know, you are mixing in a nice thing. And it's a... You can't actually get access to that news. I do think that there's no interest in that... In that paragraph with that type of news. But we've got twice the number of people subscribed to that news service on Nexast than they are actually reading it on the... Or on the web normally. In fact, we do syndicated news. So News 24, which is the biggest news site in South Africa. There's all three news. On Nexast, they charge for the news. And they get a check code of a few thousand dollars a month on syndicated news. And the next game is the audience has no access to the free content. So this mentioned with that. I think I've been trying to get people to go and do some video stuff, just to experiment with that type of... You know, people taking their time. Half the trick is kind of shining a light on what's possible with us. You know, it's worth an experiment and making it easy what India can't choose. But I think they can do it. Audio streaming will be big. I feel I've really liked you but I don't know how to give you any of those types of things. You said South Africa had treaty from the start. Here it's more of 2G right now and treaty is still relatively new. So how did the app adoption go? Like, was everyone using internet before the app? Or did people start getting data packages after because of Nexast? The audience is... Nexast didn't force people to get data packages. But... 3G is expensive in South Africa. It's getting cheaper and cheaper. That's all very expensive. And all of this is a pricing very expensive. But the fact that the network was enabled with the apps and optimised with the apps and that you could download apps like Nexast. Of the problems, like in America, you can't download Nexast. Because the networks have never ever optimised for these types of data and you have to be download. They went from really sharp ones, like analog to hardware and that kind of thing. So there was no in-between they never had to optimise. So that was kind of what helped the 3G suck. But the challenge is, somebody explained this to me like that. Most of the content on the internet is developed for the Western. And the rest of the simple feature will always be ahead in terms of price and speed. So the content keeps keeping up with that and we just can't keep up with it. The same thing, there's no way is we're going to have five or two of these apps. This is never going to happen. Not even eight years old. It's just that if you had fixed lines in South Africa to that in the very last night before there were four million, now there are two million. So it's all going wireless. Africa's wireless. And wireless will always suffer from price because it's privatised. And that's the only way it actually works because it's not running privately. And secondly, classy. The air can only take so much. It's always going to be less than five and so on and so forth. So I think the truth is, makes all this content that was customised for the African context. So price and device capabilities are important. The more content you get for the local markets enabling what technologies are available, the better it will do. Because the American content doesn't take off because it's just too rich. And they kind of throw away all the old content because I think people don't want that content anymore. But the truth is that, I mean, I think 1990 kind of games like soccer and Manchester The Dragons or that doesn't have a real world game. Those games are more relevant to our market life than anything else. Much more relevant than a lot of warcraft. So it was probably a little bit of a throwback in the 80s and 90s of the revolution. Okay, well, thanks very much for the conversation. Good night, Paul. Good night. Thanks, everyone. Good night.