 I'm working with the IEA and I would like to welcome our speakers, the panel who is sitting here, but I also would like to welcome you, our audience and also our digital audience, because we are live streaming this event. This is an event about climate change, adaptation, an event about science, an event about how we can connect better climate science to climate action. We need good science if we want to do good adaptation, and this is what we would like to talk about here in this event. It's my honor to introduce to you the speakers of our event, Director General of the IEA, Mr. Rafael Mariano Grossi, welcome. We have the Secretary General of the WMO, Professor Peteri Talas, welcome. We have the DEG of the FAO, Ms. Maria Helena Semedo, welcome. We have the Vice President of the World Bank, Mr. Jürgen Fergele, welcome. We have from UNESCO, Mr. Anil Mishra, Section Chief, and we also have as a special guest joining us a little bit later, Mr. Peter Thompson, who is the Special Envoy for the Ocean of the Secretary General. Mr. Thompson is right now at another event and he will come and join us a little bit later. Also, for you to know some of our speakers, they have also other commitments and they have to leave earlier, and so I beg for your understanding of this situation. With this, I would like to invite our DEG, Mr. Rafael Mariano Grossi, for his opening remarks. Please, DEG. Okay, thank you very much, Wei, for that. And Martin, thank you very much. As you said just now, this is a very busy morning and it's a good thing because it means that we are interacting a lot, that we are from the perspectives of our respective institutions being present here and trying to explain the ways we do and how we try to collaborate in providing the answers and the solutions that are needed. We wanted from the IEA to be able to showcase these partnerships which have different configurations and forms depending on the institutions we are talking about. So first of all, like you, I would like to say thanks to all our friends here from the World Bank, from UNESCO, from WMO and of course from FAO, who are partners in different ways with the IEA. What we want is to give examples and show and explain how and in which ways we are using science for climate adaptation, which is important and what is the added value of having nuclear. They do many other things and the World Bank facilitates everything but from the scientific perspectives of FAO, WMO, UNESCO, we are bringing our distinct contributions in these areas. Since this is the nuclear pavilion, what we want to say is that with the use of nuclear techniques and applications, there are many things that are ongoing when it comes to the meteorological planning, prospecting, analysing and we are trying to support and benefitting from the support of WMO. FAO, apart from being our neighbour across the isle, is also a very close and historical partner for the IEA. Many ignore that from 1964, the IEA and the FAO or the FAO and the IEA have been working together. We have a joint centre, used to be a joint division, so where our scientists are working together underpinning projects that we have in Africa and Latin America, in Asia, which are very, very closely connected with adaptations through our plant breeding techniques, through our food security projects. And I think Maria Elena is going to be addressing those briefly. UNESCO as well, we are very active in the Sahel region, in many parts of the world, where we are trying to work with them. But I think they are going to be able to explain this in their own way. And this is why I am very happy, so happy, that we can have this opportunity here in Charm to also explain these things that go perhaps too often unnoticed by the bigger audiences. So I would like to start with Peteri. Peteri, we were having already interactions before during this COP, but on a wider perspective, your explanation of, of course, WMO is an indispensable instrument in general, when we talk about the problems of climate change and global warming. And our collaboration is but a factor in that wider equation, but your explanation about this I think would be greatly appreciated for those who are looking into the nexus between nuclear science and meteorological science. Thank you, Rafael, and thanks for the invitation to attend this important event. And we are also a scientific and technical organization as is an atomic energy agency of UN. And we were having a couple of days ago, one panel here where we talked about climate mitigation and from our side we see nuclear energy as an important part of mitigation solution. So without nuclear energy we may have difficulties in reaching the Paris targets. That's very clear. But here we are talking about adaptation as well. And from the outside we have just published reports on the status of climate and also water resources where we demonstrated that we have again broken records in main greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrogen oxide. And so far this year we have already exceeded the emissions of 2019, which was before the pandemic. So far we are not moving the right direction and energy sector is of course very important sector in helping to improve the situation. We have seen always some improvement. We are no more heading towards 3 to 5 degrees warming, which was the message of IPCC report in 2014. 32 countries have already reduced their emissions quite a bit during the past 15 years and progress is made and we are having growing amount of technological means to be successful in climate mitigation. And adaptation is of course very important because the negative trend in weather patterns will continue until 2060s, meaning growing amount of heat waves, flooding, drought and tropical storm challenges. And the melting of glaciers and sea level rise will continue for the coming hundreds of years. That game we have already lost because of already high concentration of carbon dioxide. And it's important that we also use the energy resources in a wise manner and the meteorological and hydrological services, they are providing services which help to optimize energy fleets. And here on the wall you can see typical set of various sources of energy and at the moment 85% of the energy consumption is related to fossils and 15% only on nuclear hydro and renewables. And the amount of renewables and nuclear is supposed to grow and how to get the best out of such fleet. You need to have meteorological services to estimate what's going to happen to solar, wind, hydro availability and also the energy demand in general. And advanced meteorological services, they are having such services in place and they also can forecast the impacts of weather events on energy sector which is something that we would like to promote in all of our member countries. Only half of our members have proper services in place and our challenge is to improve the situation in less developed countries. And I was happy to hear that for example here in Africa 40% of the energy is already produced by using renewable energy and some countries also considering building more nuclear energy. And again here you would need modern services to optimize the use of such fleet. Then we know that climate change is also having impact on energy production, especially these heat waves and drought events that we have seen in China, Europe, parts of Africa and parts of USA. They have had an impact on availability of cooling power and cooling water. And in the future we will anyhow see growing amount of heat waves, drought and flooding and that means that it's going to affect also energy production, especially nuclear and fossil-based energy production. And that's something that has to be taken into account in planning of the new fleet and sustainable operation of those. So that's all from my side. Thank you. Thank you very much Peteri. And especially since you are putting some things into perspective when it comes to the assessments that WMO is coming to in terms of the evolution and the trends we are of course used to a very bleak outlook of things and of course the hour is very serious and great but WMO is allowing us to bring some perspective into things and how they are really evolving. So I want to thank you for that. Elena, FAO and IEA is a long story but the challenges are very different from those that our predecessors had back in the 60s when these collaborations started. Can we hear from you as to what is your take on what is happening? What are the biggest challenges now? How are we working together to get our heads and arms around those? Thank you so much Mr. Grossi. Thank you all for being here today and esteemed panelists. I am very happy to be here on behalf of the Food and Agriculture Organization. As it has been said, we have cooperation lasting for 56 years. You can see how long you have been working together but the world when we started 56 years ago is not the same where we are now and particularly when it refers to food and agriculture. What is the challenge we have now? We need to feed 10 billion people by 2050. Our natural resources are no longer sustainable the way we are producing, the way we are transforming, the way we are consuming. And if we keep doing business as usual, we cannot feed the population. And today we have more than 800 million people hungry and we have 3 billion not having a healthy diet. That's where science and innovation have a role to play. How we can find food systems that are more sustainable, that are more efficient and can provide healthy diets conserving the planet, the people and also bringing growth and economic perspective. And we, FAO and IEA, we work on these agri-food systems because I'm not talking about only food. It's the complexity of those agri-food systems where we work together to find solutions and also maybe to remind you that agriculture and food contribute to one-third of the greenhouse gas emissions. And this is where we need to find sound, techniques and innovation but based on the ground. It has to be problem solving if I may use this word. But at the same time, it's not only science. We need to have legislation. We need to have finance and I think this is why the word bank is here. We need to have social institution. But when we talk about innovation, we need to take into consideration the local and indigenous knowledge because they are also innovation. And how we integrate those knowledge in work we do is also important in a way that can be scaled up and then can be socially accepted because the social part of the acceptance of a technology is also an important part when we bring new technologies, new ideas in the ground. But just to come with some examples to you. We work with isotopes. We have an example in Nigeria where we use isotope techniques in Cancamba. We increase the yield by 1.5 and at the same time we save 70% of the water use. You can imagine we increase productivity, we increase efficiency and we increase the profits. And this is what we need to take to bring technology for something. It's very nice to invest in technology. But how the farmers can have more profit and how we can better use our resources. But just to give you an example, I mentioned it yesterday but I'm so excited with this example. The two of us, we send seeds to the international space. Why we send those seeds to the international space? Because we want to develop crops that are adapt to the climate in the earth and want them to breed in the space. Imagine the results of this breeding in the space. How many smallholder farmers can be bringing benefits, can be out of food security and can be adapting to the climate change. This is what we want. I cannot tell you the results but we hope that we'll be successful and we'll be able to scale up what we have done together. But also we need policies, we need investment and we need more cooperation. We have some laboratories. What we do is bringing, is coming from laboratories. We work on plant health, animal health, on food safety and we need all of you to join this cooperation in a way that we can be more grounded. And we work with the counties. We have 400 researchers from all around the world working with us in our station and our projects. And this is what we want to take forward this cooperation which has been successful. But we want other donors to join us and I'm looking to my friend from the World Bank how we can really strengthen the cooperation in financing our joint center. Thank you. Thank you very much, Marilena. Thank you for that testimony which is very important. We are very excited about our space project which is very well grounded I would say. And thank you for having spent time with us. I know that you have other obligations now and I would like to thank you for being here with us. Thank you very much. Well at the same time as we continue I note that the special envoy for the ocean Peter Thompson has just joined us. Welcome, Peter. I would like to say as you take your seat thank you for being here with us because you have been working with us on something which is also very important and has to do with the protection of the oceans the protection of the marine environment also through the use of isotope hydrology and other techniques that we are putting to good use. Many ignore that we have a set of laboratories in Monaco and in other places that are very actively working to combat ocean acidification and many of the problems that you are dealing with. More recently we have joined forces in one important project that the IAEA is working on the elimination of plastics and microplastics from the oceans by first the identification of the nature of the problem through isotopic tracers which can tell us exactly the amount and the type of plastic, microplastic and nanoplastic not only in the seas but also in fish and marine sediments so we know the dimension of the problem and later in the chain by using irradiation techniques to recycle plastic in an environmentally friendlier way than using chemical solvents. So I would like to thank you for that because you have been joining us on a number of roundtables that we had with every region of the world but this has always been mediated by screens and laptops and today we are personally meeting finally and I'm very happy for that. So your words, your testimony as to what you are doing in your efforts and together with us would be precious for us today. Thank you very much for being here with us. Thank you very much and thank you for the invitation to be here. I seem to be caught up in science today because I've just come from an IOC event and I have to, after saying my words here, move on to an ocean acidification event at the Canadian Pavilion. So it's science, science, science which is as it should be because what we are doing in our ocean action programs around the world is all based on good ocean science and in saying that we recognize that ocean science is probably only about 20% of the way there. That's the reason for the UN Decade of Ocean Science being inaugurated last year, running through to 2030. Best estimates, we know probably about 20% of the scientific properties of the ocean. So the challenge ahead in this decade is what does the other 80% can involve? And if you go out into the deep sea and you put a bucket down into the depths, you're most likely going to discover a new form of life when that bucket comes up, when you put it under a microscope. That's the extent of our ignorance about what's out there in the ocean. We know more about the moon than we do about the deep sea. So that all has to change and it has to be based on ocean science. Why science? Because we're going to have some very, very big decisions to make about our place on this planet when we get to about 2030. Geoengineering and all these things. And we cannot continue to do so on the basis of ignorance of only knowing 20%. And when you think about the ocean, the great majority of this planet is made up of the H2O in the ocean, the great majority of the living space. So that's a real deficiency on our part as the dominant species on this planet. And we've got to get that right. And we've got to get it right in a way that puts us back into balance with nature. Why are we doing what we're doing? We're doing what we're doing because science has told us that we're heading towards disaster. And that's not an exaggeration, Secretary General of the United Nations. You know, not a guy on a soapbox on the corner of Hyde Park, but arguably the leader of humanity. He has made it very clear that we are taking our children to an unlivable world. I repeat, an unlivable world. A world in which human beings cannot live. Agriculture has collapsed at three degrees. And that is where we're heading at the moment. And I describe it as a highway to hell that we're all on. We're very comfortably with, unfortunately, still this overweening sense of entitlement that Homo sapiens has, heading down this highway to hell, which is what three degrees actually is. Now the good news is, and again, this is where we rely on science, that at 1.5 degrees we can maintain our agricultural systems. We will still have functioning ocean ecosystems the way we need them to be. So the obvious, obvious thing ahead of us is taking the turn off to the 1.5 degrees. Now it's a rocky road. It's a narrow road. We have to make big transformations. We have to get out of our Cadillacs and get into something that is more appropriate. Maybe we need to just walk that rocky road. But we've got to do that because we love our children. We love our grandchildren. And we're not going to take them to this unlivable world of three degrees. So in all of this we have to depend on good scientific information. Otherwise, you know, the climate deniers and the people who just want to continue with the apathy and greed out there on their golf courses, they are going to just say, look, we're talking rubbish. So we have to be able to base everything on good science. And that's why I'm so proud of the work that IAEA is doing. I've been to the labs in Monaco many times to look at the work they're doing on things like toxicity in the ocean from heavy metals and so on. The work that they're doing on acidification and of course, for me, coming from the Pacific islands, the work that they're doing on global warming and on microplastics is really important for us all. Look, the news is not all bad. 2022 has been a pretty good year for the ocean. If you think back to Nairobi in February and the agreement to start negotiations, which we hope will conclude by next year for a binding international treaty to control plastic pollution, to get that plague of plastic pollution under control. So that was a big step forward. And then in Geneva in June, the decision after 20 years of negotiation of the WTO to ban harmful fisheries subsidies. That is major. There's 20 to 30 billion dollars of public funds that we have been spending for mainly the enjoyment of industrial fishing fleets to go out and deplete the ocean, to chase diminishing stocks of fish in the ocean. I mean, again, that's just homo sapiens madness. And then coming back to a climate change, we had this year the first of the ocean climate change dialogues held in Bonn, and that's leading on to better things as well. But in all of this, folks, I really want to online the place of science. We as the people at the front line battling for the ocean's health cannot fight our fight with integrity unless we have the good science behind us. So we thank those of you that are working in the field. Thank you. Thank you very much, Peter. And thank you for your efforts. We are part of that. We are trying to support you in that. We're there in Lisbon as well earlier in the year. An important ocean conference. But the effort continues. And as we can see from these conversations that we are having, this is about getting together and bringing together perspectives from different angles. And of course, the protection of the ocean is essential. And earlier we were hearing from Maria Elena about the work on food and agriculture. And we see all these efforts luckily and happily. I think we are talking to each other. We are working. But perhaps, Jürgen, the World Bank is the perspective that captures all the efforts. You and President Malpas with whom I have been interacting on these things are very dynamically trying to be present energizing these efforts in an articulated, hopefully articulated way. So your vantage point on this is, of course, indispensable at this very serious hour so that we avoid this highway to hell that Peter was describing to us so telling me. So we can hear from you. Well, thank you first of all for having the World Bank here at this event. And let me start by thanking you personally. For thanking you personally what you and your team are doing to preventing us from nuclear disaster. Just wanted to point this out. We wouldn't be here talking to each other if it wasn't for science. We wouldn't have a PCC. We wouldn't have a COP on climate. That is to be very clear because none of us observe the sea level rise. None of us watch a glacier melt. None of us know what's happening in the desert. This is what scientists tell us. We owe them everything to get us to this point. I think we need to be very, very clear about that. Without the science, there is no political compromise. There's no solutions coming along. So we need to continue to support the science. And with that, I'll come to the oceans in a minute and we need to get into policies in a much bigger way. From the FIO, we heard that agriculture is under threat. Let me be a little bit more dramatic than that. If we don't find ways to very rapidly breed varieties that can survive what's coming at us and what's coming at the farmers, particularly the poorer farmers in the drier areas of this planet, we will have 2 billion people that will be a threat. Let's be very clear about that. So we need to ramp up our investment in science much more than we have in the past. I happen to chair an organization that's called the CGIR. The Consultative Group on International Agriculture Research. It's the largest science group that does agriculture research. It's 12,000 scientists around the world. It has a billion dollar budget. They very rapidly need to have a 2 or 3 billion dollar budget. Because it has to happen much faster historically. Historically it takes 15 years for a new variety to make it to the farmer. 15 years. We don't have 15 years. We don't. We need to accelerate the research. We need to invest in new technology that gets us to accelerate these outcomes. So investing in science not only listening to the scientists but enabling them to do their work for us is absolutely critical. We are one of the co-founders behind. Then we have the farmers of this world. They are getting hit left, right and center as we speak. She gave it a number of 800 million people who are not getting a meal on the table every day. This is going to increase dramatically. And a lot of those folks are actually farmers themselves unfortunately. And the smallholder farmers of this world need to have investments that enable them to adapt. So we at the World Bank about a year ago financed dramatically which we have but not only that, we will always maintain 50% for mitigation and 50% for adaptation. Because overall the amount of funding for climate that goes into adaptation is miniscule even compared to the mitigation of finance. So last year alone we did 32 billion dollars of climate finance so about half of that 16 billion went into adaptation across the board. Food systems, what have you. Transport against floods, a lot of coastal projects protect against sea level rise, etc. So we are crystal clear about this and this is not an incremental ramp up that we are doing, it's actually a game changer. I was the director of agriculture 10 years ago at the World Bank and our agriculture portfolio was about one and a half billion dollars per year. In the next 15 months not years, in the next 15 months we will do 30 billion dollars of agriculture and food systems support for our poorest countries around the world. So this is a significant step change. We need to do more of it and we need to do it differently. And we can only do this in partnership so that's why I'm so grateful to you to invite the World Bank and everybody else here. This is too big for any of us. We need to collaborate, we need to find ways to scale up what we are all doing. Several of you have talked about pilots. There are lots of good pilots in the world. Everywhere in every sector, well it's the oceans we know what needs to be done. We don't need to invent what needs to be done but we need to scale it. We need to really put significant resources behind it. And that gives me back to what Peter was saying. You know, you talked about the fisheries subsidies. I was talking during Gosey about this just a couple of days ago and I think it's huge. If that can happen, that is a huge step forward. But it's only a piece of it. The total agricultural subsidies around the world per year are 670 billion dollars per year. That's three quarters of a trillion dollars that governments around the world today every year are giving to farmers to support them but they support them in a way that neither helps with adaptation nor does it help with mitigation. It doesn't support climate smart agriculture. It supports other things. Maybe 10% roughly is actually in the direction there it needs to go. So repurposing these subsidies and making them investments in adaptation and mitigation is key. And when people go around, my God, we have a debt crisis, we have high inflation, the economy is stalling, we have the Ukraine war, we have Covid and there is no money. I'm looking them in the eye and I'm asking what are you talking about? You're spending 670 billion dollars out of your scarce fiscal resources every year and you're saying there's no money. There is money. There is public resources. But they're not being used in the right way. So when it comes to policies that are something we do at the World Bank more and more aggressively is to point these things out and really say okay, let's sit at the table. We can support, we can put a few billion in, others can support, private sector will do its part. But you government also have to do your part. And you need to, everything you do in your budget has to be climate smart. You cannot spend a dollar without thinking about is this helping or is this a part of the problem? And this is only now beginning to penetrate into politicians' heads. But this will become a huge part of the discussion going forward. So partnerships finance the science but put policies in place that really make a difference. That is my message to you. People talk about it but they don't really act on it. You need to understand that 670 billion dollars per year is more than all overseas development aid combined worldwide. So I wanted to leave you with that message. Thanks a lot. Thank you very much. You are going to understand Peter. You also have another event to attend. So thank you very much for spending some time with us this morning. Thank you very much. I thank you again because for what you say and we know that the unique position of the bank allows you to have an overview of what's going on. It's about awareness. Awareness of the partnerships that are needed awareness of the consequences of what we do and the projects we carry out and this is the enlightened partnership that we need in this time. So I think this is an excellent segue to the scientific and cultural organization in the family in the UN family to hear more what you yourselves are doing in this global fight and also since we are in the nuclear pavilion the things that IAEA and UNESCO are doing in many parts of the world. So Mr. please close yours. Maybe you can use this microphone. Thank you very much. First of all, thank you Mr. on behalf of UNESCO's director general, I would like to thank IAEA for inviting UNESCO to this very important event, Global Accent for Climate Adaptation Science for the Future. I would like to congratulate actually IAEA this event is a contribution to International Year of Basic Science for Sustainable Development which is proclaimed by United Nations. So this is one of the mildest and when the International Year was launched, president of General Assembly said science for sustainability, solidarity and solution oriented. And I just want to refer the vice president just said we would not be here if there was no IPCC and in that context UNESCO is putting its effort to identify science based validation processes for water. You know next year United Nations is organizing after 46 years UN conference and we circulated a draft calling for a science based assessment kind of IPCC and IAEA is already looking at this we are hoping to have our joint effort so that science based assessment will be recognized and we can say that we have a science based assessment for the water. Program that we can talk about many other solutions I would like to remind also there was a program joint program between UNESCO and IAEA, isotope hydrology I happen to study isotope hydrology in my academic career so we really need to look at the future of isotope hydrology. I just want to refer a report recently UNESCO launched old glacial heritage only last week we launched which says by 2050 if we are not in a path of 1.5 degree those iconic glacial heritage those cultural heritage will be gone. We cannot monitor in many of the high mountain areas there are no monitoring system but isotope tracer can really identify the core of the ice so we really need to invest in science and I really support that idea the other thing this year UNESCO launched its ninth phase of intergovernmental hydrological program which called for science for a water secure world in a changing environment and we call upon UNESCO WMOFA of course World Bank to work for the better understanding of the science of hydrology, science of water sources water is the victim of climate change and water connects all 17 goals so we really need to put emphasis on science for hydrology but also in many other things. UNESCO scientific educational cultural organization so it promotes science for cultural protections for education so that's there are a number of areas that we can find partnership and as president of the General Assembly said we need to we need to put science for solidarity and solution oriented so I think there are lots of opportunities we can collaborate we have already circulated the idea of a science based assessment and I would like to call upon to receive your input so that we can submit to united nation so that at one day we will have a science based assessment report of periodical review not only scenarios but solution oriented maybe countries need to also report on their determined contributions so these are the areas I see as a potential partnership but also with the World Bank and many other partners thank you very much. Thank you for that the work of UNESCO of course is huge and widely recognized we have this great opportunity to join forces in this particular area and in a few others as well in the protection of cultural patrimony as well where we use nuclear techniques as well so this conversation was about exactly this how to put together different approaches in all these areas and how to do it in an efficient way in an efficient way and this is needed the World Bank here guiding us, helping us to put these efforts to scale for us at the IEA first cop at which we have a nuclear pavilion I think it's a reflection also of the way we are seeing ourselves of course in the area of mitigation and the pie chart there is important to indicate that in this global effort nuclear has a place at the table but also in this very crucial effort to put science at the service of the right solutions we need to take we hope that when we get together again in COP28 some of the things we discussed today will be the way to fruition and we have been discussing with the World Bank, with UNESCO of course with Peter, FAO Petri and many others how to do that so once again thanks for coming to the nuclear pavilion this morning, spending some of your precious time in this very hectic hours that we have together in Sharmer's sake, thank you very very much and thank you to the panelists I would like to draw your attention to two more things one is we have a new publication that describes what the IA is doing with nuclear technologies on climate adaptation in Africa in Africa because the African continent is particularly vulnerable to climatic changes and secondly we have also a video which we will play right now after this event a video that shows efforts in Kenya on climate smart agriculture and water resources and what can be done with nuclear science and nuclear technologies thank you again when we cook our food at home we never stop to think where this food in our hands has come from My name is Amel Konkirwa I am a farmer in Kenya for the last 10 years it is now 13 months ago during plant season we don't have another way but the rain comes at the wrong time when we are almost at the same time Climate change has brought great challenges in wheat production new diseases have appeared which we are not used to and also the water availability of the rain has become a challenge because it is less and it comes at the wrong time took up the challenge and decided to apply nuclear techniques to develop a new strain of wheat that is drought tolerant and that can withstand the new types of diseases although it took us about three and a half years we were able to identify that was resistant to the new races of stem rust and it was also tolerant to drought the demand for the seed is unsation we are not able to satisfy the demand for the seed by the farmers I foresee that in the medium term most of the land that is planted will be this far but the farmers do not just have good seed this good seed must grow on good soil and they must have sufficient water my job here is to find out the best planting technique that can be adopted by farmers in water-limited conditions we are using the nuclear technique to evaluate different planting technologies that can be adopted by different farmers we are able to know that the water is being lost more than in other planting techniques we are talking about water management that is where nuclear techniques like the neutral flow moisture sensors the neutral sensors coming to play it will tell the farmer when to apply water or irrigate and when not to and therefore helping them they must know that I am a farmer I am a farmer I am listening to the farmer I am listening to the farmer I am listening to the farmer I am listening to the farmer I am listening to the farmer our economy has gone down because we cannot now have a big land for irrigation because there is not enough water puberty levels are rising in the country we don't have enough land but not enough water to irrigate the land and now we don't have enough food to supply to our community the water resources in the country right now are very stressed and we are facing a drought the latest information is that we shall be facing our fifth failed rainy season which is only going to make the situation worse Kenya is a water scarce country 80% of the country where the sources of water is and also the recharge areas so that they are protected for future use and also for proper management of the water what has been built here as you can see behind me is a wall one is a wall but two we also have an intake system so we have two intake systems going different ways we have water to two different communities to avoid any conflict in the area so each community gets an equal share and as you can see there is still some water flowing so that means we have allowed the environmental flow which is important for people downstream as well as the wildlife that use depend on the water Kenya like many African countries is struggling to grow the crop it needs in the face of climate change there is no one perfect solution but nuclear techniques are helping to give Kenyan scientists and farmers the precise information and tools needed to squeeze every drop of water and every inch of growth out of this beautiful land IAEA and FAO are working with scientists in Kenya and all over the world to help farmers adapt to climate change nuclear science and technology help increase crop yield protect water resources and feed people climate is not getting any better if we want to survive we must learn to survive with even less water and more severe conditions things look bleak sometimes but science gives us hope