 Hello. I welcome you all once again to my channel Explore Education. I am Dr. Rashmi Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Assistant Karnagalsh Ruhi College, University of Allahabad. And nowadays I am discussing human rights education in which I have already discussed the concept of human rights education and the methods and techniques of human rights education in which this time I am going to discuss rights of child. I have already discussed rights of child from international perspective in which I have discussed United Nations Convention on the Rights of Child. This time I am going to discuss what are the rights of child in Indian perspective. So, this time I am going to take only the constitutional provisions and legislation in Indian scenario regarding to the rights of child. So, it will be a very informative lecture for all of you and it must be useful for you all. The lecture will be in bilingual mode as usual. Let's start. Constitution. In 1989, it was the same principle, 54, and this has happened to you. Now, since India has also established the constitution, apart from this, our country has always talked about rights of children. So, there was so much detail that it was very lengthy to be able to cover it in one video. So, I have shared it in three videos. In this video, I will discuss fundamental rights and directive principles of state policy and legislation. For rights of child, in the next video, I will discuss the national policies for children. Then, what are the national programs? So, it will be in three. So, in this, we will only talk about what is said in our constitution to protect children's rights and what are the rules and regulations that have been made in our country. So, let's start with article 14. Since this is an article, you have to remember it as it is and do not do it here and there. Because it is written, it is written. It is written in the constitution. So, nothing can be done here and there. And a lot of questions are asked. You can take any examination and see. This is article 14, article 15, 17, 19, 20, when most popular articles are asked. So, you should definitely know. So, the first article is 14. Fundamental rights. Look, some of our rights, the basic rights that are written in the constitution and some directive principles of state policy. That is, the policy of the state or the policy of the state is called DPSP. It means that we are giving direction to the state that you make your policy like this. So, both the rights of the children have been talked about to protect themselves. So, first of all, let's talk about article 14. This article talks about its right to equality. That is, the right to equality including equality before the law and the equal protection of laws. That is, everything is equal in the eyes of the law. Then, what is article 15? Prohibition of discrimination. That is, it will not be discriminated against anyone in any way. What can be the issue on the basis of discrimination? On the basis of caste, on the basis of the link, on the basis of your birth place, on the basis of anything, on the basis of it, you mean that children will also come to you. It will not be discriminated. Nothing in this article shall prevent the state from making any special provision for women and children. And in this article, this article does not stop the state from making any special provision for the women and children. That is, it can be made. Then, article 17 is against us, the constitution. Abolition of untouchability. Untouchability will not be kept. That is, it does not do anything against the untouchability. Then, article 19, 1A, the right to freedom including the right to freedom of speech and expression. Whatever we speak, whatever we do, all this comes under the rule that we have the right to speak, to give the right to speak, to give the right to our own person. But you will not have to pay attention to this, that every right is misused by us. That we will say anything, we have the right to freedom, so we do not have to do that. Then, article 21, the right to protection of life and personal liberty. That is, the right to the protection of life. That is, the right to our personal freedom. The law has given us the constitution. That is, the right to our original ghost. That is, the right to the original ghost means that you can go to the court against it. If any of you take this right, then you have read the right to education. You will know very well that the 86th Amendment, which came in 2002, then article 21A has been inserted in it. What is that? Where did article 21A come from? It came from the right to life. That means, the right to life is the right to live. So, when will we be able to live well? That's when we will be educated. So, the right to education flows from the right to life. The right to education comes from the right to life. And this is a very important statement of the 86th Amendment, which has been spoken to you again and again. The state shall provide free and compulsory education. The state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of 6 to 14 years in such a manner as the state may by law determine. The state has been informed that the state shall provide free and compulsory education for all children of the age of 6 to 14 years. And this is the end of article 21A and the RTE Act came into effect on 1 April 2010. That means, the RTE Act came in effect from April 2010, and 21A also came in effect. So, article 21-21A came in effect, and the RTE Act came in effect on the right to exploitation. That means, no one can oppose the right to exploitation. Prohibiting all forms of labour, child labour, and trafficking in human beings. Then, from article 25-28, the right to freedom of consigns and free profession, practice and propagation of religion. That means, we are the right of freedom of consigns and free profession. We are the right of any family. We are the right of any family. We are the right of any family. We are the right of any family. We are the right of any family. And article 21-29 and 30 is the rights of minorities. The rights of minorities are protected by their own sanskriti, asha, script. They can keep everyone safe and to establish and register educational institutions of their choice. And they can establish and administer their education from their own choice. That means, minorities are institutions. Then, article 32-27 is the right to constitutional remedies for the enforcement of all fundamental rights. That is all we have mentioned in our fundamental rights. 14 to 35. Then from 36 to 11, what is DPSP? Directive Principles of State Policy. The most important one is Article 39. What is he saying? The state shall rule. What will it do? In particular direct its policy towards securing the health and strength of workers, men and women. And the tender age of children are not abused. And that citizens are not forced by economic necessity to enter vocations unsuited to their age or strength. That children are given opportunities and facilities to develop in a healthy manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity. And that childhood and youth are protected against exploitation and against moral and material abandonment. What does it mean? It means that it is directly related to children that you will give them freedom and dignity. They will be able to develop in a healthy manner. You will give them such facilities. You will save them. You will keep them safe. Everything is written in Article 59. The state has been directed to work in this way. Then Article 243G, which is called Institutionalization of Child Care. It means that you have to do everything for child care. Article 45. See, this was Article 45. When this 6-8-11 was launched, it was made as 21. The state shall endeavor to provide early childhood care and education for all children until the age of six years. It was said that it was a directive principle. But it was not accepted. That is why it had to be a fundamental right. That the state will try to give them early childhood care and education until the age of six years. Then the 86th Amendment Act of 2002 changed the subject matter of this article and made elementary education a fundamental right under Article 21A. You can say that it was changed a little bit about 6-8-11 and it was made as 21A. Fundamental right. And Article 51A is for guardians. It is said that who is a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or as the case may be warred between the ages of six to fourteen years. That is to say, if you have a child of six to fourteen years, then it is your responsibility that you will provide opportunities for his education. Okay, so in the fundamental right, you have 14, 17, 19, 21, 23, 24, 29, 30, 30. And in the directive principles, your most important is 39, then it is 243, then it is 45, then it is 51, 1K. And there are a lot of legislation here. I have only written names here. The names are a lot today. There are a lot of matters here. The Gargene and Wards Act of 1890. Then the Child Marriage Restraint Act. That is, the child marriage was made in 1929. Then the Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act of 1926. The Hindu Minority and Gargene and Wards Act of 1926. Young Persons Harmful Publications Act of 1926. That is, do not publish anything that is harmful to them. Do not give them misinformation. Prohibition of Offenders Act. You must know that those who are a criminal, they are not punished in that way. They are given a little concession that they are less than 21 years old. So, they will not be given death penalty. There are many of its clauses. Then the Orphanages and Other Charitable Homes Act, made in 1960, related to Anathale. Apparentist Act of 1971. Child Labour Prohibition and Regulation of 1986. Juvenile Justice Act of 2000. Commission for Protection of Child Rights Act of 2005. Child Labour Prohibition Act of 2006. Look, it was made in 1906 and then in 2006. That means this is revised. The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act of 2012. Juvenile Justice Act of 2000. In the year 2021. Then the amendment was made in the year 2021. Adoption Regulations have also been made in the year 2022. That means, all these laws, constitution, constitution and constitution keep happening in the year 2021. That means, in the year 2021, the rights of children are safe. So, in this way, I have completed two provisions. Constitutional provisions and Legislative provisions with reference to Rights of Child in India. Okay? So, I have completed this very topic. And thank you and don't forget to like and subscribe to my channel, Explore Education. I have done from my side.