 Hello. I welcome you all once again to my channel Explore Education. I am Dr. Rashmi Singh, Assistant Professor of the Department of Education. This is Kanna Girls 2D College, University of Allahabad. And today I am going to discuss initiative and online indigenous digital platform called SWAYAM. And it will be useful for various competitive teaching examinations as well as for your general awareness. So, let's start. First of all, SWAYAM. It is an abbreviation. Being digital is the key factor to be successful in this digital world. There is no doubt in this. You all know that after COVID it has become so insured, it has become so sure that without the knowledge of digital means, if we do not use it, we cannot succeed. Being digital. You will have to be digital. Keeping in mind this very bad G.O.I. Government of India has launched its very native online learning platform abbreviated as SWAYAM. So, keeping this in mind, the Government of India launched SWAYAM before COVID. Okay. COVID came later. But after COVID came, we became a compulsion that you have to come and come. Before that, you were using it as per your preference, choice, choice. So, SWAYAM's full form is Study Webs of Active Learning by Young and Spiring Minds. Spiring's A should have been bigger. So, this is also asked a lot of times. It has become very common now, but not many people know yet that Study Webs of Active Learning by Young and Spiring Minds is its full form. It has been made by M.H.R.D. It is called M.H.R.D. It means this is before the year 2020. Why? Because M.H.R.D. has named M.H.R.D. again as Ministry of Education. So, who made this? M.H.R.D. and A.I.C.T.E. A.I.C.T. What? All India Council for Technical Education with the help of Microsoft. So, this can be a question of the combination of M.H.R.D., A.I.C.T., Microsoft, M.H.R.D., N.C.T., Microsoft, and then we will do something else here. You should know that M.H.R.D., A.I.C.T. and Microsoft's help has been made. This initiative has been taken to achieve the three pillars of education policy, access, equity and quality. That is, the three main pillars of our national education system, that is, learning material, equity. We will talk about the quality and quality. That is, the quality and quality. This initiative was initiated to achieve the three main pillars of education so that we can reach the quality and quality. The basic philosophy behind Swayam platform is to bridge the already existing digital divide in the country. See, the term Digital Divide is a term. Now, the term Digital General Divide is also a term. Digital Divide means Divide. According to this, it means being digital and not being digital. That is, we are using digital gadgets, we have information and we are not using it. So, you are a digital divide. So, what did we do? We thought that we would launch Swayam on an indigenous platform. So, the gap of our digital divide has become the gap in the country. Sorry. We can reduce it. We can divide that gap. It is invisant that this platform will provide access to those who have still remained untouched by the digital revolution in the country and yet not become a part of Knowledge Society. This thought has been kept far-sighted that this platform will provide access to those who are still untouched by the digital revolution and who are still a part of Knowledge Society. This platform has been made for launching of MOOCs. Now, we have talked about MOOCs separately. So, we should know that MOOC's full form is open online courses. So, to launch MOOC, this platform is called Swayam. To train faculty as well as students to be capable enough to cope up to the challenge of the new world. So that all the students who are going to study can face the challenges of the new digital world. Then, when it is made, it is thanks to the Digital India Campaign. The Digital India Campaign launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2015 has initiated digitalisation in all the sectors of government policies as well as in education systems. The Digital India Campaign launched in 2015 has been said that all your government policies and your education policies will be digitalised. One thing which has also taken into account is that today's generation students are come this way. Digital natives. Now, you all must know that these days, digital natives are called digital natives. And those of us who are going to study are called digital immigrants. And this divide, this terminology was given by the Prince in 2008. According to this, the digital natives and the digital immigrants have said that digital natives are those individuals who are born and brought up in the information age. They are called suchna tandra suchna tathni ki yug mein jino jyur peda hui hai aur jyur bade hui hai. Those are digital natives who will come and what will become digital immigrants who are raised in a world where the internet did not exist. We were born in a world where the internet did not exist. Prince had stated in his article that learning styles of past and present generation are split by their respective UNC with technology. Friends are saying in their article that if we look at the inside of learning styles, the old digital native who are digital immigrants, then you can say that the difference between technology and fluency is different. The digital native who are digital and fluent and the digital immigrant who are not fluent. So it is the fault of the art that the present educational setup must be embedded with the digital technology. This is the time that is required to build the digital technology in the present educational setup. If we look at the journey of Swaya, then the journey of Swaya can be traced back to 2003. We saw that it was launched in 2015, but it was launched in 2003 with the initiation of the NPTEL. NPTEL is National Program of Technology Enabled Learning. Technology Enhanced Learning is written somewhere. Technology Enhanced Learning is a joint program of IITs and IISC. That is, your IITs and Indian Institute of Science Bangalore started the NPTEL program and these IITs are connected to 7 IITs. This was the first major attempt in e-learning in the country through online web and video courses in Engineering, Science and Humanities Streams. This was the first attempt in the country to run e-learning, online web and video courses in engineering courses, science courses and humanities. The launch of the National Mission on Education through ICT is the NME ICT. This is the National Mission on Education of NME ICT. But through ICT, when did this happen? In 2009, it further broadened the scope catering to all disciplines in the higher education sector. In 2003, NPTEL was mainly in Engineering, Science and Humanities Streams courses. But then NME ICT came in and said that we will cover all the disciplines in the higher education sector. Under the Swaya initiative, all the contents developed under NME ICT are being repurposed and made MOOCs compliant. This means that you can run MOOCs in this way. The beta version of Swaya was made live on August 15, 2016. And then on August 15, 2016, the beta version of Swaya was launched. The President of India, Shri Pranab Mukherjee attended the launch of Swaya 32, Swaya Prabha DTA channels and National Academic Depository at the National Convention on Digital Initiatives Organized by NME ICT on July 9, 2017 in New Delhi. That means that on August 15, 2016, the beta version was launched. And then after that, in 2017, Pranab Mukherjee, the President of India, Swaya M. Bhattiswamy Prabha DTA channel and National Academic Depository at the National Convention on Digital Initiatives. This means that all these initiatives are being made by MHR DGOI. So, they launch Pranab Mukherjee on July 9, 2017. This is a part of Swaya's journey. Then, the need to launch. Why did we need to launch it? Swaya being the India chapter on movies rightly poised at this juncture to bring transformative changes in educational outcomes by extending reach and access to quality education at economical cost. In other words, globally, Mukherjee was going on in foreign countries. But India had to launch a platform like this where we could run Indian chapter on Mukherjee. Sorry. And at what time? At the time, it was very important that we could transform our educational outcomes into transformative changes so that we could increase the reach and access of more students and students to quality education. We could provide quality education at an economical cost. That would be very expensive. Because everyone cannot study in IITs, IAMs, there is some expenses, there is some merit based, there is some problem, there is some problem, everyone cannot study, but everyone has the right to complete education. This is the time. The educational scenario has been victimized to the extension of open educational resources in the form of MOOCs. And this was the time when it was seen that globally, there is a lot of work on OER, open educational resources, that is, the educational resources are open. So that everyone can study online. Then, Coursera was a platform that started in 2012. It has been thought by our policy makers that one such indigenous platform must be launched with the help of national peers. So Coursera was launched in 2012 and it is very popular. Coursera platform and the most involved in this is Indian students. So it was thought that why did we come up with such a nation-wide platform, a nation-wide platform, which was created by the nation's national people, meaning their institutions. So this need was felt, it was felt that it was launched. The basic philosophy behind this is that the best teaching resource must be made available to the remotest person of this country at affordable cost. No matter where the child is, no matter how far away he is, no matter how difficult it is to take admission from him, he will be able to study and listen to him. To improve gross enrollment ratio. We talk again and again that our GER is very bad. From the foreign countries, which is a developed country, our percentage is very bad. Our percentage is 20 to 25 percent. So this was accepted, which is now the NEP transition. It has been envisioned that by 2035, we will take 50 percent of the gross enrollment ratio. So this can also be because of our own online courses, MOOCs, etc. If we upgrade it, then the GER will increase. So this promises to be a possible solution. It promises us that we can give you a solution. With the capacity to revolutionize the education system in India, it is almost impossible to provide quality education to each and every student in face-to-face mode. This is very difficult. It is impossible to provide quality education to every child in face-to-face mode. This can also be said that this is proven by our own knowledge of these things. Then there are national coordinators. When it is discussed that MOOCs will run, MOOCs will run, and all courses will be covered, then who will make these courses? So in order to ensure that the best quality content is produced and delivered, nine national coordinators have been appointed by the MHRD. So the MHRD selected nine national coordinators. Who were they? AICT, All India Council for Technical Education, and it was given the responsibility of making self-paced and international courses. NPTEL, National Program on Technology, and hence learning, was given the responsibility of engineering courses. UGC, the university grants commission was given the responsibility of making non-technical course graduation courses for students. CEC, Consortium for Educational Communication, was given the responsibility of making courses for UG students. NCERT, since it is for school education, was given the responsibility of school education. NIS was also given the responsibility of school education, but open school, means for out-of-school students. IGNU also has the same task. Out-of-school students are at the university level. And IIMB, the Indian Institute of Management, has been given the responsibility of making courses for management studies. And NI-TRI, which is less popular, few people know it, the National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, was given the responsibility of making courses for the teacher training program. So in this way, these nine national coordinators are selected by the MHRD. And what are the work of these national coordinators? They are responsible for designing an update and maintenance for the same. They will make updates and maintain it. These national coordinators have local chapters across the country. And all these national coordinators have local chapters across the country. You can talk to them, as much as you can. They act as an intermediary between the users and the national coordinators. You can't talk directly to the national coordinators, but you can talk to them as much as you can. These local chapters are famously known as FIAM NPTEL local chapters. And the local chapter is a one-stop center for all information regarding the course offered by the respective national coordinators. That is, as much as you want, you will get to know when the course will start, when it will end, how it will be assisted, how it will be certified. If there is a problem with the fees and fees, you can get the certificate for everything. The duration of the course, as well as starting in and end date of the course, you can get to know everything through local chapters. Any technical age phase, by the user while under going to the course outline can be addressed by the local chapters. There is a problem with anyone. There is a technical problem. There is not much sound in the technical. It is not a problem to pursue the course. All these problems are addressed through local chapters. Then the course is on 12. Which courses are going on this course? All the courses that go on this course are followed by four quadrant approaches. Sorry. What are the four quadrant approaches? The first one is that the course that will run in it should have a video lecture. First and foremost, it is important. Second, especially in prepared reading material in that course, which can be downloaded or printed. Thirdly, the most important ingredient component is the self-assessment test. That is, there should be practice exercises whether it is MCQ, whether it is quizzes, whatever it is. And an online discussion forum is also very important. Because when you do online courses, it is said that you are not able to talk to each other. You are not able to talk to each other. The emotional component is not fulfilling. So for this, we will make an online discussion forum where you can write your questions, your queries, your feedback. And everyone can see each other or your course instructor can see and answer whenever he has time. So this is a very good thing. Steps have been taken to enrich the learning experience by using audio video and multimedia in state-of-the-art pedagogy technology. And the courses are two ways. Credit courses or non-credit courses. Credit courses are what? Credit courses mean this shall mean a course which is taught for at least one semester in part of a PG program in Indian University. That is, in India or in universities, on a non-credit level, at least in one semester that course is taught. That can be a credit course. And non-credit course means any course means there is a course on this program. There is a continuing education program. There is a specific skill set. There is an independent course which is not a part of a non-credit course. So, courses are two ways. Credit or non-credit, but both follow the four quadrant approach. So, what are the benefits? They are undoubtedly, at least, improved to be a penitent on many of the educational issues. These can be categorized as a lot of economic problems. These are economical for students. One can learn and get learning material from them. These are tailor-made courses that have to be made in taking care of Indian students. That is, Indian students are made according to their needs. Through top-quality moves, students can get benefitted and indirectly world-stop teachers. Those who are very good-looking can interact with the best teachers in the world. There is no upper-limit to join any course. It is not that if we are this old, we cannot join this course. We cannot join any course. You can join any course. This is one of the biggest advantages of the Swayam platform for a developing country like us. And GER can also increase Swayam through moves. But there are disadvantages too, like without minimum resources, but these sort of shortcomings have to be changed. We cannot join any course. In totality, we can say that Swayam is one of the most promising steps in the digital India campaign. We have to compare our indigenous platforms with global platforms. We have to compare our indigenous platforms to understand how technical glitch is possible. Availability of downloadable content is not downloadable. Time and cost effectiveness is not on the part of the user and how much is the dropout rate. If there are 10,000 people in role and 500 people certified, then we can evaluate its effectiveness on global platforms like UDX Comparison and all the online platforms from worldwide. But still it is a very good initiative and can prove a very promising solution for higher education fraternity with the offerings of 3As. 3As is very popular. 3As means anytime, anywhere, anyone can read anywhere. You should know when it was launched, who launched it, what are the national co-ordinates, what courses are run, what are the credit non-credits, what are the four-quadrant approaches, right? Everything. So thank you and don't forget to like and subscribe to my channel Explore Education. 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