 Today we are starting our main stress series and our main stress series goes by the name moksha basically a short term form of means oriented knowledge sharing and assessment ok. So, this is a session where I will be giving you an idea about what you can look forward for the next 100 days ok. Is anybody here who expects to clear a problem instead? Not sure all right. So, it whether it does not really matter whether you clear problems or not ultimately you have to clear this examination all three stages ok and let me tell you almost everybody would be studying properly after the month of December right December to June everybody studies martyr the dumbest everybody is focused on studying but only the toppers and only the smartest law of the law to study from June to December ok. This is where the actual preparation will have to be done ok that is the only time which differentiates someone who packs this exam and someone who does not. So, irrespective of whether you clear problems or not there is a there is a there is to look forward for the next for five months ok. So, since we have a lot of audience connected with us who are also might be appearing for problems sort of appearing for means this time. So, let me first talk to you all about what should be your goal for the next 100 days assuming that you are going to assume write your means this time ok. September 15th is I think the date of main. So, you have 100 days left ok approximately. So, what do you plan to do in that course of time. So, that is what first I will be addressing and once I have given a plan for such students after that I will discuss about what to do if in case if you are not clearing problems then what should be your goal what should be your targets we will be discussing about that as well ok. So, we have different audience who have to be preparing for the next few months one is the set of students who would be clearing the problems with a comfortable margin or who would be clearing problems. Next yes you do not clear problems, but you have just missed slightly on the border right maybe 10 marks range ok or because of CSAT GS was very fine, but CSAT you missed out correct. So, if that is the case then yes there is something that I can discuss for you as well and lastly if there is a huge gap between the cutoff and your score ok you only get 20 marks 25 marks there is a cutoff of 75 to 80 or 80 to 80. That case there is a serious introspection to be not then you should be doing indulging in. First I will be discussing about the strategy for mains preparation for the next 100 days for those who are going to appear for the mains this year alright. So, you see the next 100 days again there are people who already have multiple experience in mains then there are students who are going to appear in mains for the first time correct. The same strategy will not work for all students ok, but if you are already a veteran a veteran is someone who has already appeared in multiple mains if that is the case your approach should be slightly different, but let us take your picture and those are veteran those who have already had multiple attempts you would have already taken a test series elsewhere before for your previous attempt. So, mostly you may know the nuances of the deception you do not need to be tone based maybe there could be some gaps in your preparation which you may think about filling or there could be some weak gray areas in certain topics in certain papers which alone needs to be strengthened it depends upon your past analysis of your previous attempt only if that is there we can have a very specific discussion. So, for pressures whereas since you are going to give your first mains there is a lot of insecurity there is a lot of self-doubts there are a lot of conflicting opinions and advices which you will be getting in the market. So, hence that would be their audience for which my lecture is actually intended to ok. So, let us get about it. So, assuming you are a pressure who has had a successful stint in problems if you are going for mains what can you do for the next 100 days strengthening your writing from scratch is not something that is going to work out in the next 100 days yeah please you cannot strengthen your writing all from the beginning learning the right grammar learning how to construct arguments it does not make any sense to do it in the next 100 days, but there is something that is within your grasp there is something that you can also do within the 100 days ok very targeted preparation very specific preparation can save you a lot of time because you are working under extreme time crunch. One reason is because you also have a big chunk of optional also to master and to cover. So, it is beyond the optional the focus that you give beyond the optional which is what you will be devoting for your general studies. So, in that case then what can be done let us have a look at that. So, I would just say that these are all the broad contours of the activities that you will have to do for the upcoming mains ok those are going to appear in this mains there are just eight activities that all of you must be focused on ok that nothing beyond that if you can keep this as a routine every single day then automatically you are on the right track all right. So, what is that? We will discuss one by one so that you get a better idea of how to spend the next 100 days. First, analyze previous year question to identify potential direction of questions ok. So, what do I mean by that? Analyze previous year question to identify potential direction of questions. You cannot learn anything about UPAC other than the previous year questions ok that is the best place where you can actually understand the mind of the question center you can understand the nature of question pattern of questions. So, every serious aspirant because of innumerable attempts at looking at the question paper of the previous years again and again automatically the nature of questions it gets into their mind. So, what happens is when they read their textbooks as well and they read their reading material as well the search is always based on the pattern of questions that have been asked in the past right. This is something that nobody can teach you it is only you yourself have to teach this aspect of learning the way an answer can be molded from the content that you learn so as to create an answer for the upcoming years questions right. So, when you analyze the previous year questions you tend to understand something about UPAC what is that? First you will be able to spot that there are some areas some topics some themes where every year the question is something new questions do not repeat from that area ok and I do not even need to mention what are those areas because the syllabus sheet is very elaborate every word in the syllabus sheet indicates a potential area ok a serious aspirant is someone who has in detail prepared at least 15 to 20 page notes for every word in the syllabus sheet but assuming that you have failed to do such a comprehensive preparation for every part of the syllabus sheet in the last one year considering that you only have the next 100 more days to look forward to it would not be possible to go and take every word in the syllabus sheet and prepare details that is not going to work that is a year long effort and that is a luxury that those who are not making it to the main this time you guys have it ok there is no need to regret be regretful or to repent that you were not able to clear problems because this is a very very comfortable luxurious time that you have the next six months to take it slow build your knowledge build your own set of notes for every word in the syllabus sheet but for those who are going to write means this time since you do not you cannot indulge in such an activity of making comprehensive notes topic wise so start making a smart work the smart workers find out areas when you analyze previous a question paper you get an idea that some areas questions keep on repeating ok from closely predictable lines you will have questions repeating whereas some areas the questions are completely out of the blue you will find very very new questions repeating ok so any idea for the audience here do you have any idea where auto those areas where you find questions repeating a lot where are the questions very new every year can you make a guess basically yeah that is what you have to do ok so for those so these are things which goes without even saying that a sincere aspirant who is intended on cracking this exam will be doing it so if they are doing it they are your competitors so you should also start doing it ok I will indicate to you for example you take the area of election election of the topic in GS paper 2 ok the topic that is indicated in your syllabus sheet is salient features of representation of people that you go and take the previous year's question you will find that every year the question is about a new area in elections ok last year the question was asked about the procedure of filing election petitions and on what grounds it can be filed ok and is there any case laws regarding election petitions ok election petitions it is basically when you want to contest the outcome of an election you would seek the court and how do you seek the court by filing a petition which is called as election petition and representation of people's act has an elaborate provision on all the grounds under which an election petition can be filed right so the UPSC has gone into the depth of it and it asks what are the different grounds on which an election petition can be right name them all and what has this how has supreme court dealt with these areas refer case laws ok very very fresh question this is not something that comes to you naturally you read Lachmi Kant or NCRT books or anything ok so these are the areas that you'll have to first pick and spot ok what are those areas where some extra reading is necessary whereas you take the question like effectiveness of functioning of parliament almost every year the question is on predictable lines one year they ask about how are the parliamentary committee is effective in holding the executive account of another year the question will be specifically about one committee about public accounts committee right so almost on predictable lines correct so first find out what are those topics where there is a scope for UPSC to challenge you with novel new question year after year and those are the areas that you must first pick you must first make elaborate notes on there is for those who are going to appear in mains this time since you have a very short time you cannot go take the syllabus sheet read word by word and proceed slowly based on the test schedule that you have every week i'm sure all all of you who are writing means you will be subscribing to one or the other test series right when you subscribe to test series you have a lot of syllabus to be completed within five days five or six days for sunday is the date of test and Monday to Friday is when you will keep preparing intensively right so within five six days you have optional preparation as well in addition to that you will have gs syllabus to be completed as so please don't do the mistake of taking Lakshmikanth book and starting reading it from scratch again reading from first chapter to the last chapter that is of no use and in fact all those areas which you are familiar with please don't even read them it doesn't make any sense to go and read about the committees of parliament okay and what is there in Lakshmikanth about parliamentary privileges will never be even asked in the examination because examination the top syllabus sheet indicates issues with respect to parliamentary privileges when what is given in Lakshmikanth is just what are parliamentary privileges to who is it provided zero use in means right so that is why do not take any standard books and start reading and revising them from cover to cover that is a waste of time but instead do this targeted preparation by analyzing the question paper first analyze which are the areas where you are completely blank where there is a potential for UPSC to throw a surprise at you a random surprising question at you election is one such area this year this was a question I think last year 2021 there was not a single question from election 2020 there was a question on election that question was regarding what is the procedure for disqualification of members okay so again that was different the year before that is about simultaneous elections the year before that was funding in elections okay the areas that are asked varies from year to year of course the topic would be about election you cannot say sir everything is from elections only because she indicates election is topic but what in elections keeps on varying so it is only for those kind of areas without specific knowledge you will not be even able to touch the answer without a case law for that question since UPSC is asking refer case laws where unless you have prepared prior you cannot even write anything under okay or unless you have read some exposure even if you'd have read a document on election petition for 10 minutes you could have slightly had a faintest idea of what are the grounds on which an election petition can be my point is instead of spending half an hour or one or two three or the entire parliament instead of spending that two three hours go to this area of elections which areas are yet to be taken those areas even a superficial reading of that will give you points with which you can at least start forward with the answer rather than leaving the answer completely blank right like that first identify such areas elections is comparison comparison of constitution is also another topic where the questions are new year after one last year I think that the question of comparing India constitution with other constitution of the regarding election of president how is the system of election of president of India different from that of president of France never before in the past such a question was asked but the year before that comparison was with respect to speaker how was the position how is the position of speaker different in India as well as in UK correct so who knows next year the question could be about the nature of federalism as how it is practiced in India as well as in USA correct so any new area there are just so many areas of comparisons which can be drawn correct so this is what I'm trying to say these are and this is again a topic that you don't find in Lakshmikanth you have to go beyond your NCRTs and Lakshmikanth only reading good internet documents can be helpful or otherwise you may ask me a question sir then if there are no ready made sources then how do I even get exposed to these kind of areas that is why you have to take a lot of tests lot of tests in the sense I'm not saying that you should write every question that you face in challenging in in in test series you only subscribe to one test series whatever it is make sure you write one full test per week but every day also you should keep writing questions it may not be a full question paper every day I don't even want you to write a full answer every day but at least your eyes should fall upon all the challenging questions that are there in the market correct take the question bank of every academy's question papers okay look at all the challenging questions if you feel that it's really challenging then start making an attempt to write but if it is not so challenging just think mentally about the answer think about what points probably you can generate for this question okay assuming that this would be the okay if you get some pie six points be happy oh yeah you have something to write provided your writing skill is already good okay maybe have a daily practice of writing answers for two questions not more than that simply wasting entire day writing from morning till evening will leave you no time for fresh thoughts to come in by studying anything okay so students also experience this answer writing fatigue in this preparation because somebody has done a lot of writing it doesn't mean that that is a single formula that is applicable for every aspect every aspirant is different okay so there are aspirants who would not even have written a full length series also and still have got wonderful marks in the means why because they are writing proficiency is already good they have already understood means completely and maybe they didn't have to write in this gap between problems this is especially true with those who are already in service okay even when I got into IRS first when my second attempt after that I did not write a single answer on the gap between problems and why because I already knew when I was already certified by UPSC that I have accepted your answers so I never felt but instead I took all the question papers mentally thought about this is us I'll write this if this is us I'll write this this is what I thought about right so there is no single formula that everybody should do intensive answer writing again and again don't fatigue yourself into doing that but let new thoughts new light come in and that comes in with questions good questions I'm sure challenging questions if you were to face you could have predicted this question on comparison between Indian president's election maybe in the course of your preparation if you are smart enough if you are looking at various challenging areas you definitely would have come across a difference in election methodology of Indian and US president correct if you only you are more curious and even who knows even the answer key of the test when you go through it that would also give additional points about elections of other presidents there could have been some point about the French president which you could have just ingested inside you that will come to your help in facing these kind of tricky questions do you understand what I'm trying to say what I'm trying to say is be very sharp be very focused specific in your preparation don't be do a random preparation for this means examination for prelims the prelims is all about the span of knowledge more and more areas you touch upon you get a higher chance of cracking means is not like that because so many areas are already familiar to you because you have that's why you have clear problems okay so it's not about your familiarity with so many areas but with select areas limited areas have you become really competent enough or not so that in such area if it is asked your answer is it able to fetch you half mark or one mark more than other aspects right the goal of this entire preparation is to score better than others it's entirely competent right so make sure that every area so from the analysis of previous question whichever you find areas where UPSC can throw a surprise at you those areas should not be unfamiliar to you on the day of examination you cannot clear this examination by leaving any question unattended again this is a generalizing statement okay one question maybe you can be but largely at least the topers papers year after year when you see you will find that there are people who would be able to manage to complete the entire answer sheet they would leave no answers questions unattended right and how does that confidence come and I know people who even leave at least two three questions every year okay but this is a difference this is a huge difference between those who crack and make it to the top rank and those who end up not cracking this extension okay look at this non seriousness sir I did not even know what it is okay then what were you doing for the name of your preparation correct if you do not even know what area this topic is then seriously what were you doing in the preparation you would not understand the preparation problem you thought again it is all about reading all the areas which is not the case right that's why I say watch out for all these newer areas okay the only way you can get out get exposed is by by facing a lot of questions right that is what you'll have to do let's say if this is a week first week so this Sunday you have a test of history okay the first paper GS paper one is your test schedule that is the case when you keep on studying every day okay maybe two three hours once three hours once four hours once just take there are just so many free resources available on the internet okay some market materials of compilations of various test series questions let's say you read the rise of leftist movement in Indian national structure okay after you have read it just look at the question papers of academies of GS paper one see if there is any question from this area if you find any question immediately think of mentally generating an answer for that question if you would want to be even more elaborate in your preparation do not only confine to thinking alone but rather take a piece of paper just note down the hints don't elaborate an entire answer with introduction body writing it you can do that also okay maybe you can do two three questions per day full answer writing but beyond that you can even get your exposure 10 to 15 questions 20 questions also but you don't have to write answers for all the 20 questions two questions three questions maybe you write an answer it takes you hardly 15 to 20 minutes beyond that whatever questions you face just think of points if you want maybe half maybe in three four lines just make a hint first this point second this point third this point based on this I'll write an introduction like think more think more correct so this is something that you can actually do okay so for all these kind of questions first figure out what is the reading material from where maximum coverage can be got okay so go for the right reading material instead of spending an entire day reading the election chapter in Lakshmikanh going for NCRT's basic books on elections and reading them completely there are two books on elections no NCRT's democratic politics right reading all that reading the Lakshmikanh chapter on political parties on elections election commission of India and then reading 1200 NCRT election in the elections there's a separate chapter on 1200 NCRT why are you wasting all this time none of this is going to be asked in your exam but instead what you should be doing is you should be very fastly giving a superficial reading of proposed electoral reforms document of election commission of India or otherwise you go for law commissions report on electoral reforms correct yes you may end up spending an entire day reading that document but I understand when you read and let me tell you all the different questions in elections that are asked year after year they are only asked from within the document you cannot show a single question asked in the UPSC about elections outside of the stock I can give that to you in writing I have analyzed all the questions so basically this is the parent document it means that if only you can read this document and make yourself thorough of that you are now in a position to face any kind of questions that can probably be asked I don't think any other academy material or market material will give you better content to prepare in advance of the question that would be asked this year other than this document so reading this proposed electoral reforms it's a 200 page document when you read it fast you can finish it probably within 10 hours 12 hours okay whereas when you read all the NCRT election chapter all that it may take you three to four hours but that three to four hours that you spend reading from books is of zero use whereas it's 10 hours that you're going to spend reading this will definitely be useful in at least attending one answer in your next main and that too from an unpredictable area imagine when 80% of the competitors do not even know how to start an answer for this question whereas 20% of the competition alone knows yes some relevant idea to write you may not be writing the best of the answer for this question but you are writing something where nobody else is able to write anything that's the secret of success for this examination correct so figure out those areas from where the newest topics UPSC can always improvise in exploring newer and newer areas figure out them first make a list of them first strengthen yourself when building your competence and knowledge in all those areas okay this should be the focus of those who are going to write your pains this time only focus on those areas for every week's first after you have completed those areas then maybe you can move on to all the remaining areas and cover from your basic book all your material that you have been reading for a long time you use all that but do not leave these areas unfocused that's point number okay so the focus see and do you guys know that people use a lot of data collection they use statistics graphs diagrams here and there right they do it as a part of their practice you see a lot of coaching centers test series papers you'll find all those graphics and animations and all that correct that is all fine but that is not at all possible for these kind of questions yeah even generating one single idea itself was difficult in the exam then where is the potential of drawing diagrams and all that not going to work but again there are areas where you can use all those skills of yours okay but not for this okay so here you cannot focus on data collection and all those things but there are areas which tend to repeat again and again when it's so predictable it means that everybody would have also prepared well if everybody has prepared well they're all going to write some decent answers then why would the examiner give you more marks only if you can bring in some innovation other than other other than those who have also written equally good answer for those patients okay those are the areas which I call as the fewer areas fewer areas means there isn't much area for UPSC go beyond that certain areas ideas for example that questions on effectiveness of parliament one year they may ask about how are committees functioning other year they may ask about disruptions in parliament and is this affecting the functioning of parliament right third year they may ask you about what has the changes that have been recently witnessed in the parliament in terms of its functioning in holding the executive accountable almost all the answers can be written at the same points is it or not yes for those kind of areas where questions are almost similar now you make sure that you bring in some data in the answers which others may not be able to bring or at least if others are bringing in you should also ensure that you also bring in data you should not be found to be lacking where others are able to present some data and adding credibility to their funds okay so instead of simply saying that there is a lot of disruptions happening in Lok Sabha why don't you talk about the number of days for which Lok Sabha was functional in the last one year or why don't you make a comparison that Lok Sabha in the last decade productivity has come down in terms of number of bills legislated in terms of number of questions asked if you have all those data sets maybe you can use that to give a credibility in the mind of the examiner that you are simply not saying just for the sake of saying that parliament's productivity has reduced you have a supporting data to talk about correct so that is how you can plan for those areas where not much exploration is done by UPSC in terms of diversity of questions for those kind of areas you can plan accordingly add more value to your answers okay I would say that this can be a second priority because even without data and value additions you would still be able to get five marks out of 15 marks or six or seven marks if only you had data you can get half one mark vote but if you start focusing on this half mark one mark and if you neglect this area you end up getting a zero mark in these kind of areas correct so that is why this is first focus okay where the ideas are totally under your problems for example governance is one area that you do not cover in terms of your film preparation correct policy implementation policy development design challenges and implementation we do not concern with that topic in problems so completely unfamiliar that is why this is an area where the question is also quite difficult I'll show you a question asked you see policy contradictions among various competing sectors and stakeholders have resulted in inadequate protection and prevention of degradation to end on comment with illustrations okay quite challenging question that year okay for these kind of questions you need to have something to write something to write will give you three marks otherwise most probably you leave it unattempted zero months so value additions can value additions that you will have focus to for these kind of areas for example you look at previous year's questions no naxalism those security related topics and all almost questions are very predictable they are very routine okay they'll only ask you about what are the factors that led to the emergence of naxalism or what are the factors that is leading to the decline of naxalism right quite bounded questions cannot be beyond certain areas okay so so don't know so naxalism terrorism organized crime these are all areas where the questions are very predictable very banal very routine and you should not even spend more than half a day reading for these topics okay because some way or the other because of your last one two years of preparation from the editorials from the compilations you definitely will be having something to write so you don't have to be scared that oh my god what if I leave this question completely unattempted and not only that your test series will almost predict the questions that will come in your exams part one okay I'll just show you the proof for that this is actually our last year's 2022 question paper you'll find directly 60 out of 60 from gs1 you have 20 questions gs2 20 gs3 20 60 questions totally out of 60 questions 21 you can associate directly with our test series these are our test series so these are upc questions these are our test series see the question discuss the role of national commission for backward class in the wake of its transformation from a statutory body to a constitutional body and look at our question has the constitutional status of ncbc helped improve the working of commission and outcomes correct it's quite simple means the beauty of means is that it's very predictable unlike problems it's only in problems you have to hunt for random areas face random tests and all that whereas problems become so much predictable in fact when you go to the next phase personality test it's so easily predictive you actually know what are the questions that are going to be asked you can plan in advance and prepare with okay so that is for a different discussion like that look at the question on nuxillism okay maybe last year there was no question on nuxillism or you look at the question on organized crime discuss the type of organized crime describe the linkages between terrorist and organized crime that exist at national and international level this is a UPSA question look at our question if organized crime and terrorism go hand in hand the mechanism to counter the two must also go hand in hand right we are actually able to predict what because it doesn't take great skill as the reason is simply UPSC cannot explore to the depth of it because these are all things that are so secretive in nature right government deals it in very secretive ways nobody knows how exactly things are all dealt by agencies okay only we have a superficial a macro view on things and UPSC also asked only macro view okay so what I'm trying to point out is there are all these kind of areas for example in agriculture okay and disaster management there are many questions where and even last year last year from elections there were two questions okay one I have already told you that is regarding election petitions the other question was regarding model code of conduct this was UPSC question last year 2022 means and this is another question of us do you think model code of conduct needs statute 2022 test 14 7th question right so my point is there are these areas where you don't have to spend too much time preparing and wasting your time okay that time should be better spent on strengthening your simplest knowledge of unfamiliar areas okay instead of spending time extensively for these areas repeating and revising the same stuff focus on these simply from the test series question itself you can strengthen there's a test question then you learn from the answer key I'm sure even that will be sufficient for you to write impressive answers in your right so first know where to allocate your time that matters more for the next hundred days right so yeah so it is from these areas so the first when I started my speech I told you there is a different strategy that a fresher must have the different strategy veteran must right so veteran multiple atoms in previous means so they know they know this entire routine of the next hundred days and who knows they may themselves have prepared for these kind of topics as well these new areas and all that before okay that is a case you guys can go for the next level of value addition whereas a fresher will simply talk about nuxillism has been on decline in the recent days okay since a veteran already has a lot of time in his hand you can make sure some value addition happens you can talk about how many district is it present today how many district was it present 10 years back so the decline if you can bring it in terms of statistics so that value addition a veteran can sit and do on his luxury whereas it doesn't mean that the freshers have to be immediately concerned oh my god so does it mean that I'm going to lose out on the veterans in these kind of questions will I not be able to create a good impression as how he is going to create no not necessarily because that is why our answer even even when you read the answer keys you will have statistics there correct so instead of you going and doing original research and collecting all that just read the answer keys prepare yourself for these ideas and extract one or two statistics from that keep it handy if at all there is a scope to use those statistics in the examination make you go correct so this is how you should prioritize first priority areas that are completely unconnected with problems areas where you do you yourself know from the previous questions wherever whichever question areas you find you have you cannot even touch the question okay that is the area that you should first focus on after doing all that if time still remains focus on areas which you are already familiar with if not you don't even have to focus on these areas that you're already familiar with just leave it come to the example mark test write a test learn from the test keep moving on to the next week's agenda don't even go and feel that oh I do not know how to write about this an axillism answer in my test so I think I should spend some two days studying about an axillism from two different books you're wasting your time you don't have the time right now okay just keep moving on there will be a time one day after two three weeks once again when this test repeats at that time maybe you can revise you better start focusing on the gray areas of the upcoming weeks okay right so this is what I said find out areas where UPSC has given a hint for you to pick cues from for your use this year for example it is only in the last two years I am able to find in polity for UPSC is focusing explicitly on bring out case laws refer case laws okay this gives us an indication of the upcoming questions in the next weeks okay so last year there was a question very first question in GS paper to others the greatest success of judicial activism was the constitutionalization of environmental issues explain with case laws okay so first you should know the principles underlying this question you know judicial activism has expanded this coma particle 21 you can write that as an introduction then you can say that article 21 today's also comes to include the right to clean environment okay but some cases have what brought this idea of right to clean environment as a part of article 21 what are those cases unless you have prepared specifically on that nobody could have answered this particular correct so pick and choose case laws okay UPSC is already asked for judicial activism two years they have been asking case laws one year they have explored environmental issues another year it was a general question so let me now go and read judicial activism rated case laws for other areas try to education is now today a part of article 21 try to livelihood is a part of article 21 why not equip yourself with the relevant case laws on every area now UPSC has indicated to you that this is how I am going to ask question correct so start preparing case laws for judicial activism in every different area correct this is something that is within your reach you can do it so that see I'll tell you only when you face your maples examination you will feel that just having something to write will give you a confidence that which itself will be able to give you a very nice answer whereas when you start feeling that I don't know anything your confidence level will come down so badly that even for the other answers that lack of confidence will be reflected in the poor outcomes okay so your preparation now what you're doing is to ensure your confidence remains high throughout the entire three hours of growth means okay so this comes with a sense of familiarity when you encounter in the exam oh this yeah I have one point that one point is sufficient to write a story and expand it okay so yes case laws from often repeated areas that is something that you can can do when you see toppers know they'll always sprinkle data here and there it adds a lot of credibility to their answers for example there was a question asked explore and evaluate the impact of work from home on family relationships okay work from home how has it impacted family relationships there was a lot of articles which are discussing that the prevalence of domestic violence has actually increased in India after this covid lockdown and all okay some national family health survey has captured the data okay I don't know the exact data but what top was to do is they will collect those data keep it okay they will write it maybe an introduction work from home has increased the level of violence faced by women in their domestic lives as indicated by NFHS survey okay the number of women who face domestic violence has increased last year from 21 to 26 something like that and I don't know the exact data but what I'm just hinting is when I tell you daily practice answer writing you have to experiment all these things as a part of your answer right try bringing in those data okay find out which is the best place to fit in the data is it in the introduction or is it in the conclusion or is it in as a standalone point somewhere in the middle of the body of the answer correct see it's an art okay it's not a definite black or white signs that I can tell you use it only in introduction no it depends upon the flow of your answer okay if the flow is good and towards the end you are writing about the problem of violence faced by women in their marital life then conclusion would be an apt area where you can actually indicate this percentage of women who face domestic violence correct so learn where and which part of the answer should the data that you gather where it should be embedded in the concept okay so it it's a multiple things which are done at once when you write an answer when you write an answer one your be you are getting yourself used to generating ideas second you are used to creatively putting in all these kind of value additions right and you're perfecting which area should all these value additions be brought in okay some people draw a map for an entire full page almost three fourths of a page and then they start an answer which I don't appreciate it or a simple small map on the side of the answer which illustrates the most important things whereas the entire answer page also should contain the most important point correct so that also comes out of practice when you also draw a map and you feel as an examiner when I see that I feel so the person doesn't have ideas that is why they have drawn up such a large map okay it creates a negative impression right so all that comes with experimentation and most important of all that you need to have a very good stamina as well as the speed of writing okay every page should be completed within three and a half minutes of writing three and a half minutes is what you have for every page because you have to write for 50 pages of content 50 into three and half is 180 minutes so in three and a half minutes as soon as you see a question within 10 15 seconds you should brainstorm and when you brainstorm all those how I used to do was when the answer sheet is there as soon as I see the question I look at the question and immediately take a take a pencil and outside the margin where you're not supposed to write I used to mark down the points that are there in my mind okay why why do I mark mark them down immediately jot jot them down I told you know write hints okay keep writing hints the same hints I'll write it in the margin area where I'm not supposed to write anything the reason why I write that is because once I start working around with the answer once my mind starts becoming busy with sentence construction my mind starts forgetting the good points that I had initially brainstormed correct it's a curse to forget the idea that you have because suddenly you no matter how hard you try you will not be able to get those ideas that is why I initially I write it writing it will take five seconds 10 seconds maximum right I write it write it write it finally when the time is all over when the bell is just about to ring I'll take a eraser and erase all the pencil content that I have written you should not leave anything the outside the margin area okay so writing hints first and then going about it also serves another purpose what purpose when you wrote the hints the first point actually that you have generated could be a very insignificant point compared to the fifth point that you had generated whereas without writing a hint if I would have started writing an answer myself directly I would have actually written the first point in the first part of the answer but do you think that's the right way of writing the most significant impactful ones are the ones which I should be writing the front end of the answer correct so writing a hint also helps me reprioritize the order of the answers which I had thought about in my mind correct so that is also something that you can practice and perfect keep writing answers on a daily basis an impactful and easy read not tire him out you should not stress him what is this person trying to explain okay handwriting should be very neat and very clear very proper grammar okay grammatical sense gives an advantage in this examination okay and order as I mean as I say the most important of the point should be first less important as it goes down fine okay so when you write perfect all these things it doesn't come with one answer that first answer will take you six or seven minutes right where are all jumbled where you will spike up on a lot of places and then write not don't worry that's just the beginning the day before you vote your means you should come to such as as soon as you see a question the thought must be effortless effortlessly should just come you should start writing the five points to put your pencil down take your pen and from your hints create an introduction now you cannot first think of an introduction and then you cannot go for a body points first you have to think about the body content based on the points you have generated you should creatively make an introduction and right now write an introduction a three sentence introduction not more than that if you write more it doesn't give a distinguishing feeling as an introduction it just feels connected as a part of the body of the answer right so right a three sentence introduction it could even be two sentence introduction two or three not more than that two three sentence then put a heading start writing the hints that you have elaborate on it arrive at a conclusion in the middle of it if at all it's from a area where you already have a data upset that you have gathered put that data somewhere okay and never be under the obsession that every answer should have a date or validation or chart or flow chart or I will in some unspitting manuals that you find in the market okay I don't want to take names but those manuals when you go through them they should give a model answer a beautiful hand written after is given as a model answer okay it's about stupa architecture okay stupa architecture pillar architecture there's a representation it's very easy to sit after the exam is all over sit in a comfortable AC room have google write a beautiful answer perfectly put this diagram and all that okay but the kind of question that is up in the real ups exam is something different what is the difference they ask you what is the significance of lion and bull figurines in Indian mythology is it possible for you to draw a bull lion and all that so don't be tempted that somebody's model answers had a diagram so my answer should also have a diagram you can score extremely high scores without even a single diagram okay and do you even think if the question is from the resolution of contentious issues I'll show you the question okay you will understand is there any way first of all look at this question this is 2020 or 19 I'm not sure which year it is exactly but that was a question asked in polity okay understanding the question itself is a challenge right there is no way value additions will happen even toppers papers that are distributed on the internet you will find a lot of them doing diagrams and all that is all possible in the limited nature of questions that you find in a character series but not in the real ups even those toppers would be failing in creative all representations in the real ups now what I mean is not for all questions that is possible but for some questions of course it is possible okay so don't and see that is a minimal of your worry that is not the maximum worry that you should have your maximum worry is if this is a question asked how will I write a one and a half page answer for this if you cannot even understand this question then how do you even take your answer forward that should be the greatest of your worry right this is where as I first told you understand this is how questions are asked prepare accordingly okay so if only you have what is this question basically it says whenever state and center have had make laws on what matters those matters have gone to supreme court and supreme court by giving judgments in those cases it has come up with this principles two principles one is principle of federal supremacy and the other one is principle of harmonious constitution how we have to interpret the question okay I'm sure for these kind of questions 80 percent of the crowd will not be able to even understand what the questions they will simply write Indian federalism is different from US federalism that is what they will write something irrelevant only 20 percent will at least understand what this question is maybe minuscule five percent of the entire mains aspirants who are already proved themselves by clearing problems only they will have that specific case it is possible to be within that five percent if not within the five percent then at least be in the top 20 percent not not be in the 80 percent that's the point okay if to be in the top five percent where you also have the case laws for the state of west Bengal versus union of India that is one case you can write okay and if at all you have any other cases the principle of federal supremacy okay it means wherever there is a conflict union government's view should prevail that is what is the meaning of principle of federal supremacy federalist center centers which should prevail that is how you can iron out the differences that happens in a federal polity and that is how the foreign jurisdictions which have federal systems have all coped up with dispute regarding federal okay so this requires serious reading that is what i'm trying to say okay this should be the first priority and what is the source for that i don't think any any market material or category on the market would have given you the content for this until this question was asked after this question was asked now they can all bring material and see you see my material has the answer for this anybody can do that but did you have that before this question was asked that is the point that is why aspirants have to be self-reliant you have to be independent in preparing yourself for these kind of areas okay it is possible it is so easy you may think that oh my god if these kind of questions are asked then how on earth will i even prepare you can as i told you take the syllabus sheet unfamiliar areas you take go to this book called as mp jane's constitutional law if only you read mp jane's constitutional law it's a 2000 page book you cannot read the entire book but selective reading only for judicial activism judicial activism is after all 10 to 15 pages in that book why are you confining yourself to laxmi kaanth you are already done with laxmi kaanth for your problems now move one step forward go to mp jane's constitutional law read that 15 page alone if anybody would have read that mp jane's constitutional law that 15 pages of judicial activism you would have exactly got the answer for last year's first question in gs paper to constitutionalization of environmental issues polluter pace principle precautionary principle mc metha case taj drapejiam case well old citizens forum case all those case laws are also given in the book itself i would say that that is a source okay so start doing it okay and trust me smart aspirants are there around you who would be doing it already i don't know whether they would have done it from mp jane or by reading web articles or by reading some law blogs or by reading some research works on judicial activism but some way or the other they would have acquired that knowledge they are having it in their hands so now you also start doing it clear because you should think i don't have the time for 2000 pages right identify this particular book you mean talk to faculties talk to faculty they will help you which from where ask them so where is this question asked so to help me read such kind of material that is the work of the faculty has them we'll clarify it for you but if you ask the same see i because i can only talk about quality and history because i'm familiar with it i cannot simply talk about geography not knowing from which book it is exactly taken or one good book where everything can be managed i have no idea but for quality i can say that this is the book okay even with respect to other topics also if you see all good content are there in this book i am also not someone who would actually say that go and read new and new books that is not how i clear this exam i cleared by reading limited books but good books that is a point okay or but my most of my learning was done on good pdf material on the internet okay either you should know the skill you should know how to search for that good pdf or otherwise you go for this particular book and do selective reading okay but let me tell you my entire quality preparation was done from the website called loctopus i don't know that you know that or not law w ct opus okay it's actually a web platform maintained by law college students okay there are some good articles which i was able to take from that and the pardoning power of the president do you think laxmikanth has enough content it may have two case laws maru rams case kehar singh's case okay but there are so many other dimensions of pardoning power of the president aspect for which some more reading from a pdf document there are good documents some 10 pages pdf document on the internet from where you can get all the case laws regarding pardoning power of the president why this could be very relevant in this year's means raju gandhi assassins their pardon issues happened last year so it could be a potential area if you know that this is a potential area then why leave any stone unturned correct prepare everything almost why do you have to limit yourself only to maru rams case and kehar singh's case which is there in laxmikanh laxmikanh is not the standard book prescribed by ups right it is one such convenient book which market has accepted right it has only two case laws but there are other materials mpgain will have so many case laws on pardoning power of the president like that use mpgain for 10 years 10 15 topics hardly say of all the 2000 pages you would have to only read around 200 pages maximum not more than that do you think that that's a very difficult task it is not but reading the 200 pages will give you a short short answer for three or four questions where nobody will be able to even touch whereas you will be able to write something very decent okay that gives you a 15 mark edge in your 10 to 15 mark edge from 4 or 3 or 4 this matters a lot the 10 mark edge per paper is like the same focus and attention will come in your mind for every paper 10 10 10 10 40 marks across gs papers 400 500 ranks in the rank list okay big factor right so you're right it's not so easy to figure out which all documents to read so it is expected that the coaching centers would have done this work and they can give you the right reading material but you cannot simply put your your destiny and future in the hands of another yeah yes so you read it i'm not saying you don't read the coaching material you read it but always be cautious is this having anything beyond last year's questions on if it has something beyond it is good if it is only based on last year's questions only the entire material has been prepared i would say it's actually useless because why the same area will not repeat next year that is just a start start for you but then go beyond that that is a point okay so that's all so and yeah a lot of current affairs base questions are so predictable for example this year turkey Syria earthquake has happened right so definitely means there will be a question on plate tectonics faulting okay something related to geomorphology with respect to plate tectonic there will be a question okay so it is very simple no easy to relate okay so issues going on there will definitely be a question on federalism on the status of union territory correct revolving that like that you find linkages between the recent current affairs that has been happening and prepare content for that that will be taken care of test series we in the coaching we will be giving you tests based on current affairs questions again uh after so but but you should also remember that for example i'll tell you last year one of the indian neighbor had become financially bankrupt correct what is that country Sri Lanka everybody every coaching center would have predicted on the similar lines ups you will ask and that is why indias an age old friend of Sri Lanka discuss indias role in recent crisis in Sri Lanka in the light of preceding this was a predictable question aspirants also would have predicted we also had predicted india will always be guided by the best interest of the people of Sri Lanka not just by the government evaluate india's position regarding the Sri Lankan crisis correct so it means that aspirants coaching everybody will know that this is predictable so then what is the differentiating factor that you have that is where you can actually add more points if you can collect unique data for your own purpose that is good so capitalize on these kind of areas build your data set practice pre-plan the kind of value addition you would be doing in the real you cannot go to the exam hall and then think after you start writing you cannot think what if I try to draw a tea tree diagram no why don't you do it in the next three months before you go to the example you think if at all a question is asked about Sri Lanka so probably I will talk about the problems so in terms of people people contact what all aspect I can bring in terms of historical ties what all I can bring why don't you practice drawing a diagram here itself so that on the exam hall you don't have to spend time it will definitely cut down the time that you have to invest in there by half correct so this is the utility of anticipating current affairs based areas pre-planning your value additions that you intend to do in the three elements okay it will be a great force multiplier for you on the day of the exam okay you will find that effortlessly you will be able to draw all these valuations when you sit too much and when you start forcing yourself to value add to your answers will not work there it will consume time which otherwise should have been used for some other arms okay so it's a what do I say the entire three hours that you spend in the exam hall it should be a very very mechanized robotic way of writing so mind should think and flow should happen you should be writing not the moment where you can pause and do some creativity erasing pencil with a scale diagram nothing okay so the point is anticipate the common current affairs and make sure you are in no way less than less equipped than others correct this is the way how you should be looking forward for the next few days and yeah one other point that I would like to talk about is even when you face test series keep facing questions where you have zero points to write but still write something learn that art every year in all GS papers there will be at least one question where you have zero points to write but still you have to write something okay why you get three marks there for a 15 mark answer even three marks is a big luxury then okay how let's take the case of this particular question from the resolution break question if you feel that it's so challenging breakdown okay there's a comma here first let me understand the first sentence from the resolution resolution is what sorting it out of contentious issues regarding distribution of legislative powers contentious issues problematic areas regarding distribution of legislative powers are you able to broadly understand oh this is about the seventh schedule who can make laws on what matters there seems to be some contentious issues and when it gets resolved who resolved it the quotes so basically they're asking for how has the supreme court resolved the dispute yes you may not know the case laws but still it doesn't have to stop you from starting an answer why don't you simply write about in a federation conflicts are inevitable okay because there are two governments and functions cannot be clearly earmarked those seven schedule we find overlapping nature of functions correct waterways highway roadways minerals land all these functions fall in multiple areas so definitely there comes a question of who can make laws on what matters if you write this you know three or four sentences neatly you're finishing okay can I say see the trick of these kind of questioners the examiner can feel he may get this opinion that you have not written the right answer but at the same time he cannot reject it as a wrong answer correct he knows that it is not right but he knows it is relevant that relevance itself will give you some okay and think think see and even to think of the right relevant direction reading these kind of material again becomes important even if you'd have read mpjn it is a more possibility that you can remember all the case laws and everything until you have specifically made a note of it and revised it periodically again but at least reading mpjn will give you this idea that in federations wherever there is conflict whether it's us in USA is the center strong or states strong states that's how we have been learning from correct in theory that's correct because US constitution makers have ensured that the federal government is given minimal set of functions maximum functions are kept in the hands of the case but in the real practice that is not the case even in real practice the American judiciary has evolved the understanding of federalism in such a way an upper hand is has always been given in different different instances for the central government that is how the center's hand has got strengthened in us in fact when you go by the actual american constitution the american president if he signs any international agreement it must be ratified by the senate senate represents the states until then it has no validity but the american court has interpreted in such a way that the senate ratification does not even require otherwise america could not have become a global superpower by spearheading leadership in various global covenants and agreements are you able to follow right so this is this is an idea that you could have picked up from mpg so that idea would have given you a sense of what is the meaning of this word federal supremacy correct and that can help you tackle this answer in a much better decent way because most people normally ups aspirants could have come across this word harmonious constitution right two provisions clash both should be balanced one should not be completely left thrown out there should be an attempt by the courts to balance the existence of both the provisions yes highways it's there in union list as well as in stateless but the courts would have interpreted in different case laws so as to make sure that both the governments are still allowed to retain their powers of law making over these areas some random at least you can understand what is the meaning of harmonious construction just play around with the concept and fill in something you don't need to mention the case laws okay that practice that is also again a lot of practice only will give you that that capacity to handle these kind of questions there's also something cannot come directly on the examination so face these kind of questions where you really don't have anything still somehow make an answer bring it to the faculty get a positive accreditation oh yeah you have managed it well that feel will keep your confidence spirits up so there is nothing that I cannot manage in the mains you know when you get that feel automatically facing these questions will not don't you will not trouble you in the real thing because I can give you a good answer to my memory for this okay giving you that is of no use it's not going to teach you anything but teaching telling you you still can manage to write something and one thing I have noticed is all the difficult questions of UPSC are 10 markers not 15 all these questions where you cannot even take your answer forward UPSC also knows that let's not punish the aspirants very hard by asking them to write for two and a half pages for a content for which content they would not be having at all UPSC is very careful all the tricky questions year after year I'm able to spot they're all 10 markers and not the 15 markers and it is also a possibility that will be the very first question in the examination okay so you may imagine when you see the first question in the question paper the greatest success of judicial activism has been the constitutionalization of environmental issues illustrate with case loss first of all you don't have case loss second all you know is the faculty in the polity class has told article 21 includes right to clean and bro just with that can you expand more and more and more and your mind will also question you why do you have to spoil the impression on the minds of the examiner by first question itself writing some nonsensical stuff correct so better you leave it go your mind will at the same time another my part of your mind will say but the faculty had told that everybody writes everything I should not leave this also correct so there's a lot of dilemma there and with the dilemma you start hesitating the next page fills over there okay so that is why learn to manage managing means writing relevant if not the right content so that you don't end up getting zero marks and you don't end up angering the examiner by writing wrong stuff correct you don't need the highest mark in these questions you only need better than what the bulk gets the focus focus on improving your skills on these kind of areas and really every paper has these kind of questions in GS paper one art and culture last year that significance of bull and lion so students were confused sir I only know that in this pillar this was the figurine that exists what more do I know about bull and lion okay but still I would tell him associate lion with ferociousness bull with virility you know masculine virality right sorry masculine strength yeah so right it's a and also associate with evolving animist practices okay animism is a part of a religious practice where nature worship existed and see why if you if you actually read art and culture you'll understand how tantricism evolved tantricism is a modified version of Buddhism as it encountered people who are who were on the fringes of mainstream civilization so when it went to the tribal areas it slowly accepted their practices that is why mother worship female worship in Mahayanasam Hinayanasam you don't have it whereas in Tantra you have it right why because the tribal practices had a very egalitarian religious practice mother goddess worship was an essential part of all tribal practice so when Buddhism went to the northeast part of India where the mainstream religious group of people did not exist so the local animist practices started getting accepted correct in tantricism Buddhism you'll find a lot of ferocious lions and standing and all not in Mahayana and Hinayana and all you're not fine correct so that is you can actually link all that and you can write something something that is relevant okay don't feel that sir what will I do with these kind of questions I'm very sure you cannot read and you cannot get these kind of answers right okay or when you're preparing itself if you have prepared one level depth more simply not confining with the NCRT instead looking at the statues reading some blogs good blogs on what if you for example Mahabalipuram cave temple show temples right simply reading from NCRT very small information is given but there is too much of Mahabharata association which is there in in the show temple maybe if you can read some art historians blog or any random travel logs also if you read the story behind that Mahabharata's depiction I'm not able to remember that saint Vashishta four saints will be there okay all so many events will be depicted so somebody who has simply read another 10 more minutes if they would have spent and read something more on show temple of Mahabalipuram would be able to write something more meaningful than a very basic reading of NCRT either you should have done it when you prepare it or otherwise don't be timid just go about it write things the examiner write things in such a way that the examiner gets fooled okay gets fooled in a sense you are just I mean it shows your in I mean initiative taking attitude right you're not covering behind the problem you're not running away from the problem but still you're attempting something will be appreciated okay if only he doesn't irritate the exam you cannot write some nonsense there something relevant there is nothing wrong in associating lion with ferociousness similarly bull with masculinity correct so you can write something okay the point is there will always be questions like where it is beyond your preparation where it is beyond your anticipation one question paper paper at least sometimes it could even be two questions okay art and culture is that one area which I feel there is a scope in first paper because every other paper other area modern India adult you would have read so many things from spectrum the penchandra NCRT and all that okay but art and culture unless you are truly interested in very artistic and cultural it's not possible to be having in depth knowledge right whereas geography you will be familiar with the concept science and ideas something you will be able to write but art and culture has this problem similarly in paper to polity and governance has this problem the most easiest questions you will find from international relations right very very predictable very contemporary no struggle at all almost everybody will write good answers so how can you maximize your marks there make sure you read the compilations compilations will have specific points more points so for international relations the secret to get more marks is more number of points okay why because everybody will write try to write as many pointers okay because it's such an easy area so there you make sure you will write the maximum number of points yeah so this is it daily challenge write two two questions daily for sure keeps you in the writing framework but think for 10 questions at least every day and every weekend 20 questions full test compulsory to be attempted okay as I told you that purpose of test is improving your confidence improving your speed making yourself put into the routine of writing for three hours continuously because imagine the real means every day morning three hours afternoon three morning three years afternoon three years lot of stamina continuous stamina has to be there that also comes with writing of these tests okay you're basically building your physical also because of writing this test okay physical strength mental strength all that develops here I mean two plus two answers two is from GS and the other two is from your optionals okay that's another area of focus in fact I would say if you are pretty decent with GS better you spend your entire time only on optionals optionals will get you much larger range of marks than all the GS combined together okay among all the candidates this year who have cracked who have failed there isn't great range of marks in the GS papers as such but the papers that have really created a lot of range swinging the outcomes in the favor of those who cracked was optionals ethics SA SA for such a it has a large what do we say excess weightage compared to the previous years this year SA paper had played a great role in deciding the outcomes okay lowest marks this year has gone to 60 marks 65 in SA paper highest mark as usual 140 140 papers okay so look at the 80 marks range that is capable in SA paper even those who have cracked I have seen people lot of people 200 ranks SA score is 85 92 okay that that is you that earlier used to be very difficult but now that is also becoming a proper possibility people are scoring very low marks less than 100 even among the top rankers okay so focus on SA similarly focus on optional optional remember that you you can be very superficial in GS in some areas but you should be quite good at an optional in almost every area the reason is the kind of questions that are asked three questions will be clubbed together now second question a b c three areas will be asked right so whether you choose that set of questions okay you should know all the areas properly even if one area is not so good it's not good I would say right so better you strengthen your optionals almost every area you make sure and the easiest thing to do the optional is prepare for previous year's questions for 10 to 15 years of previous year's questions make sure you have a ready made answers for all those if you have that 50 percent of optional is already covered 50 percent of every optional questions will repeat GS you will not have repetitions okay but optional ditto same question also will repeat right so 50 percent of questions you can actually manage if you have already managed 10 to 15 years of your previous year's questions but the remaining part keep on strengthening keep on strengthening so effectively speaking see you would have heard of aspirin saying no I have studied for 14 hours a day it's all real true true okay not throughout but in this three months okay because I have also studied only for this three months because it and it is so and I don't even think I strained in studying for 14 15 hours this three months because you're running out of time every day you only have a limited amount of time in that day newspaper preparation maybe one hour you can do every day okay but remaining time entirely optional if you take one unit to properly study in detail will take you at least a week okay so that is why even if you spend eight to seven seven to eight hours every day it will take you a week for one unit to be perfectly completed notes made previous year's questions thought about and answers attempted right so you're running against time that is why I would assist you from writing too much tests also writing too much tests will leave you less time to think for new areas okay this examination is also about reading something introspecting and thinking about what you have read that you need time for that process reading and simply writing reading and simply writing will leave you no time for introspection for course correction correct so that is why have time for that introspection process and that is why limit your writing to not more than four answers per two questions on GS two questions equal weightage for optional test right and anyway weekly one day Saturday you can spend for your optional test Sunday you can spend for your GS test effectively it only leaves you with five days of preparation five days of preparation where you have 14 to 15 hours of preparation time every day so all out at 50 50 percent for optional than GS so within seven hours every day what can you do for this entire GS that is the strategy what can you do only focus on areas where you are completely blank where you don't know anything and where UPSC questions are also very tricky range focus on those areas for familiar areas simply attend test and read the answer key that knowledge itself is sufficient so keep doing all this I told you this no just write hints right detail answer for two questions one 10 mark one 15 mark but for another eight more questions think of that is very useful for your exam now coming to another important point post test there's a lot of work to be done first of all for all those who are connected online also there's an advice that I would like to give you when you get your feedback make sure you get the right feedback okay we will ensure we get we give you the right feedback you're from some other place ensure you get the right feedback why I say this is I see a lot of answer sheets which is corrected based on some template okay very you you can find it out also take an answer sheet and you see a answer sheet where every line is ticked hundreds of tick mark in one single page please don't give that paper to him again for correction okay these are all some templates corrections that you can come across why because the work has been outsourced to a lot of aspirants who have no experience with means do you know that people who have not cleared problems are involved in answer correction do you know that that's the truth in many places what I'm trying to say is I mean we don't do that this is just an advice for those who are on connected online get the feedback in the right manner don't get feedback just because somebody writes so many things in red in your paper doesn't mean the correct feedback okay they are just justifying their existence okay and it's so easy when you give vague opinion just feedback okay fair idea okay elaborate more okay create innovations present in a structured manner you will feel okay good feedback but what does it mean present in a structured manner and whenever a feedback says add these four more points don't take the feedback too serious not about more and more point addition which actually matters to UPS because everybody's going to struggle for points in the real example but the right feedback I'll tell you what it should have is the right feedback should convey to the aspirant whether his answer is relevant to the question or not or if at all irrelevance is there which part is actually irrelevant how could this irrelevance been avoided how the same point could have been made more relevant what is the different other way of presenting this idea correct observe for such feedbacks both macro feedbacks macro feedbacks would be this nature of what more areas you need strengthening is it in terms of content or is it in terms of prioritizing your ideas structuring your ideas okay those are macro ideas don't go for the line by line correction for this line is wrong second line this is wrong third line this is wrong doesn't matter the examiner there in the real exam you're not even look at your paper properly half sleep at state sleep sleep is that he may look at it broadly if he feels that paper reading is easy for him he'll give you good marks okay it's all human fact he's also human being he's tired of seeing the same points again and again so whatever beautiful points you write there not going to impress him greatly but how you have written how you made his life easy or not decides to a great deal in how much marks you will get so learn that art of easy and effective communication right need right appropriate spacing what is the appropriate spacing. One line should not have more than six words and a single page should not have more than 16 to 17 lines. This is a thumb rule of writing. If you're violating this rule it means either your answer is too spaced out which will give a feel to the examiner that this guy doesn't have anything to write. That is why so much of gap between line and words that is also negative feel. Whereas if it is too cramped so you're writing 150 words per page it will become cramped then that also becomes irritating for the examiner to read. He has to use magnifying glass and read what have you written. Okay all these are difficult. That is why the optimum spacing which is easy for the examiner to read and which gives a sense of standardization for the entire 50 pages. This is words per line not more than 60 to 15 lines per page in a UPSD revision sheet. Okay maintain that with every test that you write every day you write at your home also you try to maintain this. Okay so once you get the feedback observe the macro feedback you yourself should be the best person to judge your answers. Okay you should know okay this was the demand of the question have I done justice to the answer and if the faculty the person who's correcting your answer sheet is going to point out the grammatical mistakes that's a God's in the opportunity for you. Usually those who are evaluating themselves will not know the right grammar to write the answers but if somebody's pointing it out to you good make course corrections immediately start doing it. Bad grammar will if not affecting you in GS it will definitely affect you in essay and ethics. Essay is completely about good writing skills with good language skills. So take that kind of advice properly more than the feedback where they say you should have written these four points. There is no such thing as a one correct answer for main answers. Everybody will write their own favorite points their own point it's all about whether you have justified and convinced the person who's reading enough that all part of the question has been addressed and the demand has been taken care of that is more important. The feel that you give is important then the knowledge that you have transmitted to the examiner in every line of course. So once you have got the feedback after that also you can learn a lot by observing toppers answers observing best answers of others. Okay I'll show you two answer sheets which is a student of last year who was writing tests with us she has cleared I don't know her rank 300 something this is a guy who I thought will get into the top 50 ranks but who did not make it to the rank list though exceptionally good scores in GS and optional and everything interview was only 137 okay only because of that he was pushed out. I was expecting he was the best writer among all that is why I had taken a picture and bought it this was a question about do you think compulsory voting should be implemented in India examine the efforts of other countries in implementing compulsory voting okay this person who has made to the rank list she herself has not written a very specific answer like how this guy has written but this guy has already prepared on those lines where he can bring specific examples in Australia what is the work what efforts have been taken to enforce compulsory voting in Peru Uruguay South American nations in fact and look at this handwriting and this is a consistent quality he will maintain for entire 50 pages this is the best writing I would say okay his optional score for bad is his option very good score and for bad okay so everything worked well except for personality test just by one mark or two marks he has missed the rank list okay so very impressive I used to even feel surprised where is this guy preparing all this one because I thought when I chose this question I thought I have done my own research and taken nobody would have done it but then I feel outsmarted by the sense so he's proving that you think you can only take these points I have already prepared you know such a really good mind we will clear one day who knows this attempt last time was a second with her but anyway but she has cleared she has not written all these specific points and all this is for a different answer okay what I want to show to you here is this guy's attention to detail attention to specifics how he writes have a look at these kinds of answer sheets you should feel why am I not able to write like this let me talk to him let me find out where is he writing this okay so at least that will give you a glimpse of what all he is reading and what all efforts he is making so it only takes two days and you can if you only know that this guy has read from that book you can immediately go that go to that book read all the essential broad ideas that is sufficient that will equip you much better what you can learn from her is how to write good essays right two two paragraphs not more than two paragraphs per page when you write more than two paragraphs per page for essay it gives a feel that you have been superficial in your essay gs you can write it like this points because you have to bring in so much information within one and a half pages but essay one small quote you have to diversify it for 10 pages so it's not about shallowness here you can only write one point and leave it and move to the next idea altogether but essay is like you establish an idea you argue you counter-argue it so that work requires sufficient number of sentences maybe five or six sentences and when you write five or six sentences when you package them together it will at least be for half page correct so that is why don't keep your essay shallow by writing more number of paragraphs per page short paragraphs no so this is something which I really liked about her two two paragraphs two two paragraphs per page very nice submitting issues to give right underlining that is also something that we can learn from her okay so this is the post-test analysis that you should do you should find out how better do better people than you write okay that will give us something to learn definitely this is what will teach you more than the feedback that you receive if the feedback is good and proper it's well and good but otherwise also focus on the source okay how similar test similarly place people how do they write how are they able to get one mark more than me just observe for it and inculcate if you find anything is valuable I'm not saying it's just because somebody has drawn a diagram you have to replicate that again no but some unique point okay so this guy has written it so this is my competitor he is reading it why did I miss out on reading that sense should come that is the purpose of post-test comparisons okay and as I told you take the answer key look for value additions extract ideas 2019 by student of Shankar Madan he gave his first attempt in 2021 first attempt he cleared okay after clearing he was there and I was listening to his speech this is the only thing that he said I didn't read any books all I did any any books for revision just before the examination I took all the test papers that I have written I just took hold of the answer keys from the entire previous night I was just going through it going through it right because there's so much of data information relevant to that question which you will be able to remember in the last minute okay and that will be useful for you in the examination right that is one way of making use of your answer key okay whatever how yeah answer keys are google searched no doubt about it but they give you some points which you were not able to write okay yes continuity is what is going to be helpful in the real exam but it's not a harm to have two three points more that you can learn from the answer key okay after taking the test when you see the answer key the points that you did not bring in your answer you will be able to remember it far better if you simply were to take that answer key and shimmer if you simply if you read it it doesn't retain but after writing a test where you have failed to bring in multiple points now when you see the more points no points will forever remember okay something to be done okay so whatever feedback you get whatever analysis you have done in the last test introspect keep repeating it for the next one week in terms of a daily writing practice in terms of the next weekly text improvise okay repeated keep improvising okay over the next six three months 100 days automatically improvement will okay so frankly speaking good writing skills will matter to you grammar articulation your figures of figures of speech that you bring in your answer all that is more useful for your essay than your gs i have seen people with not so good english skills also making it to the service because of good score and gs because of the points that they have to work on on your relative strength for those who are online whoever is going to attempt your means you cannot simply improve your writing skill in the next couple of days tremendous drastic improvement is not possible so the suggestion that i can give you is if you feel your writing skill is not so good somehow only focus on essay so that you don't end up getting less than 100 marks manage it decently to get 110 to 120 gs your your issues in writing will not affect you very badly make sure you are able to compensate for all this weakness in your optional paper okay optional if you can get some 280 to 90 marks the weakness in good writing in terms of essay will get overcome okay gs says i don't really feel it has too much to do with good english skills or anything right preparation familiarity with all the questions that could probably be asked if you are able to present decent ideas with proper word limit good introduction conclusion sufficient yes people with poor writing skills will get affected in the essay but try to compensate for that by focusing on optional papers okay not everybody is good in everything i'm sure people who would be making it to means will know that you would you don't have to be really good at every area to go to means two three areas if you're really strong at other areas you play defensive so that you don't drastically we get pulled down sufficient enough to crack problems right similarly for means work on your strengths strengthen your strengths more 100 days is not a time where your weaknesses can be completely being made strong but for those who do not clear problems yes this is a time to complete transformation okay so this is a very nice time that you have what are they don't have right who knows out of 10000 who writes means only 20000 is going to be called to the last stage even there's 70000 are going to be dropped behind so what comfort luxury that they don't have you have for such people also i have some advices which you can think about okay i'll just come to that let me finish this essay and ethics okay papers which are this is okay GS as i said if we can replicate 21 to 60 questions directly another nine questions indirectly at least 50% of GS papers every aspirant would have been really of the same level not much difference okay but this is the area where familiarity or being used to the questions alone is not going to fill okay GS papers no 15 marks would be the maximum range between last marks and the highest marks 15 to 20 marks not more than that but ethics paper you'll have people in the rank list with 80 85 similarly you'll have people in the rank list 130 130 one paper ethics can create that range okay similarly as i said SAO can create that range okay what do you do for ethics paper first ethics you have multiple areas in that you have philosophy related areas psychology related public administration related this entire psychology and public administration related areas can be completed in one week okay because you're only touching the surface of public administration concepts like what is integrity okay need for openness and transparency in government okay just one page of content if you have you're done with that particular area so within one week you can finish your preparation for this entire psychology and public administration areas in psychological areas you have only two topics one is attitude structure formation contents process of attitude change that is one topic the other one is regarding emotional intelligence okay so any coaching material or one standard book you find in the market DK Balaji's book on ethics or your own coaching material wherever which are center you have studied that material is sufficient to cover the topics on psychology and public administration theoretical parts okay once you're done with that slowly study but regularly study the philosophical aspects of ethics okay where ideas about values conscience conflict between law and conscience conflict between individual and a society you know those things have to be slowly ingested slowly linked to our daily life examples have to be sought from our real life okay it is a lot of mental process which have to happen in terms of philosophical areas so take those areas a bit slow okay do not think that one day I will sit and read philosophy and that is that is not how it works okay and a lot of preparation for ethics comes by one round of preparation of philosophical topics concepts you do it every word know which has been asked in previous years define define conscious conscience consigns how was consigns helpful for individuals in daily lives these are how questions there are okay ethics paper previous 10 years question papers those philosophical areas you can prepare of answers for all these questions almost the next year's paper can be managed with that because conscience is one topic if you have understood the definition of it you cannot write a three four sentences properly how is application of conscience if you know another three four sentences like that whatever question has been asked about conscience in the previous years if you can make two to three page or four page of content yourself right just see the simple formulas what has been asked in the previous years get answers prepared on your own don't simply read some question answer bank answer bank given to you this is the answer let me read that that's a shortcut my point of asking you to prepare an answer for previous question is in in the process of finding answers you will end up reading at least 10 times more you may only write for four pages but you would actually read another 40 pages of content that will all be somewhere there in your mind okay that will all come to your help in this examination okay there is no need for ethics paper will not be unpredictable and everybody will know everything to write but just that they will not know how well to write compared to others okay so that is why all the all in their rank toppers answer sheets if you have an ethics paper alone okay it'll all be there on the internet we also have a lot of copies of previous years toppers ethics paper and all that just get that observe okay how have they written have they written it have they broken every idea into some five six points and have they written it and how do they make sure every point feels to examine different from the previous one because the biggest problem of ethics know whatever you write will feel like everything is the same so write three answers you write and see you will feel almost you're writing the same ideas again and again for all the six pages that should not be there for the exam okay that only needs some specific preparation different different examples to be prepared that can happen by observing how toppers are able to write they'll be able to clearly differentiate nicely between integrity and probability whereas when you I ask you to write now the definition that you will give mostly will be the same for integrity and probability right like that definitional preparation very specifics of ideas of every word in ethics paper must be prepared okay you do that prepare for previous year's question paper on philosophical terms good enough preparation psychology public administration nothing any standard book you take prepared okay case studies will only come by writing it and so many toppers have possess so many templates of approaching case studies can use your own approach or it could be a borrowed approach anything is fine read anudip durushati's blog on approaching case studies so I felt this case study approach helps in a lot of diversity right that stakeholder approach he says whenever wherever you're put into you think of every possible scenario from the perspective of the citizens from my family from my own personal self perspective from my superior perspective from politicians perspective right when you're able to bring in all that the answer feels that you have thought on so many angles and dimensions it feels diverse okay so for case studies just just blog and looking at toppers answer sheets how are they writing case study simply common sense nothing more than common sense tempered with rational actions tempered with realistic actions do not take ideal stand because most of the case studies know the the immediate stand that you can take is I will not do this action everybody can say that if there's a wrong course of action everybody will say I will not do that action but why do you say that you would not take an action the more and more number of justifications you give the more your answer becomes acceptable it is easy to say that it is against law I will not do it but if that is the case a robot can also do the written law yes or no no means no action why they want a human being there the human being is there so that wherever there is a open ended this wherever there is a discretion to bend the law for what purpose are you going to bend the law it is to guide you for that they have kept this paper called ethics if it is to be simply following the law then you don't need to be even be there correct wherever there are gray areas where you have to bend the law what is the justification and reason why you would say yes I would do it why you would say you would not correct so that comes when you start observing previous your stoppers answer sheets so when we evaluate also we will also show you the answer sheets that is also part of a test series in the sense after feedback is given to you if you go for personal feedback you can just come you can meet me here best answers will be shown to you so that you can inculcate something from them your answers if it is best will also be shown to others also right we will not show you the entire answer sheet as such but it is just that representation for you to get an idea of what better to be done in in improving your own writing because of course all your points are original unique so we would not want to share all your hard work give it as a template for others that is not something that we will do but we will definitely share patterns what makes an answer better than so that's all this is what I have written and yeah so now you guys are fortunate to have this artificial intelligence tools that GPT bird and all I would tell you sometimes I feel the previous year's questions that I have framed and given to the student those questions I was simply testing with bird okay I feel the answers that bird generate is better than my own answer okay it's it is ensuring every answer is relevant with current case laws very beautiful structure and for every essay quote every ethics quote that you come across in your practice test if you feel that you're unable to think beyond a certain dimension if you feel that simplicity is ultimate sophistication this is previous expression you're not able to go beyond certain extent immediately search it gives you directions it gives you interesting examples also because it is a repository it has a compilation of every example that is suitable in this scenario correct so earlier what aspirants used to do is they used to read on their own and collect their own anecdotes incidents and examples now that work is simplified because of these tools all you needed is just type the quote new new examples you will get just by reading that story it will be there in your mind you will be able to use that in your real essay thing correct so for quotes learn to approach on your own but don't think that simply taking the quotes putting it on chat gpt finding and reading the answer is going to help you the prop the issue is your initiative as soon as the quote is given you tend to come up with an answer if you're not able to go beyond the third page and fourth page now research it on these tools you get some more directions to think based on that now you can start thinking again right thoughts thoughts again and again linking new new thoughts with the already existing thoughts is how you prepare for essays in a better way because see if it is a one complete session on essay then my approach will be very different you have to be a good reader you have to read these books read magazines supplement that comes with Hindu paper equip yourself slowly read others life experiences that is the ultimate way of preparing for ethics paper sorry ethics as well as essay but 100 days gap even to read the basic books there is no time there is a point of going and reading self-help books and philosophy books and all that not going to happen right so the approach is different approach now is previous year's questions essay questions that will give you new ideas which probably may become the content for next year's questioner right thinking writing evaluating challenging yourself is more important challenging writing comparing yours with others improving based on keeps has to keep on going for the next hundred days so that's all this is about essay and ethics okay now coming to those who will not be able to clear I'll tell you what you have to start from now is start making notes okay what do I mean by notes I also have a student's note also which I'll share it with you so that you get an idea about what do I mean by notes so this is regarding one of the topic okay I asked the student read the elect proposed law commissions report on electoral reforms prepare your own notes for chapter four of that topic chapter four is regarding campaign financing in elections okay why don't you make your own notes okay so she has made her own notes I'll just show you so that you get an idea you can make it with pen and paper or in a digital format the choice is yours but ultimately everybody who clears the exam would have made notes for every topic like this okay that's differing the campaign for nothing that is on editorial so I just asked her read the editorial read that topic also from law commission report make it on notes so she has done why it is it newt's and all that beyond that she has on and she has taken notes from from the document on different different issues so basically it's a note for three to six pages okay this kind of original note making is necessary that's the point okay like this for every topic this is just notes made for one area of elections topic this is not the entire notes for elections as a topic just for financing related issues of elections this is them similarly criminalization make your own notes political parties issues make your own notes model code issues make your own notes it will take you at least two to three days to comfortably confidently completely cover all areas of just one topic on elections but the payoff understand the payoff three days of effort you put you get some 20-20 pages of notes and from the 20 pages of notes definitely there is going to be one question on your your needs correct this is what you should do for every topic in your gs2 gs3 for gs1 society alone you make this preparation whereas for history and geography you do not have to make this preparation history and geography you only have to read the books why do you have to make notes separately based of time everything is static but for society you make these gs2 all areas make this gs3 all areas make notes gs4 all areas okay everybody who has prepared notes in this next six months will definitely be able to clear the next mates right so this is a good time in fact i would say that after i gave my first attempt somehow i think my first attempt i was able to clear with a bit of luck as well okay some broad preparation i did and was able to crack but as soon as the mains is over within the next five days i decided that there are so much of gaps in my preparation that and worked from the month of september till december january i was only strengthening optional okay that guarantees us another success right so that so this is a very crucial time but aspirants tend to be mistaken that this is a once laws and problems again focus on problems very bad okay the preparation should only be for mains and problem separation should be an integrated part of that where you read newspaper regularly where you browse about newspaper on everything that you're curious and unclear not clear about that way you clean clear problems automatically and the advantage of preparing for you get a lot of ideas which will be helpful for you in differentiating a problems answer well for example this here was a question as no regarding due process of law right very tricky principle of natural justice also appears to be right fair application law also appears to be correct i would go with fair application of law maybe some of you might even go principle of natural justice but when you read article 21 elaborately for mains you will get an idea about this topic that will help you okay in my opinion from my reading i was able to understand fair application of law as the immediate answer okay so i know many keys have given for principle of natural justice and you would also want a principle of natural justice but i would disagree with that but anyway the point i'm trying to say is a question like this or a question where the primary purpose of constitutionals right limitation from the government that is this year's prelims correct comes from the preparation of an idea called us constitutionalism constitutionalism means limiting the powers of the government okay how does the constitution of india ensures constitutionalism okay so you prepare for mains you become very clear that the most important purpose of the constitution is to ensure one organ does not become super powerful correct so like that many areas and Gandhian thought was up like two years back the similarity between Gandhian and Karl Marx thought right you can actually prepare it very well if you would have prepared for the local self-government part of your mains preparation but laxmikanh doesn't have any of this answer but if you prepare for mains you will understand that there is a term called as principle of subsidiarity okay what is the principle of subsidiarity if a work can be done at lower levels of the government it must be done at the lower levels of the government right army can panchayats take out that work they cannot execute it so it has to be done at the higher level but animal husbandry can be done by panchayats lower levels so it should be done only at that level that is Gandhi's opinion that is why Gandhi wanted power to be vested at the lower levels okay he was a follower of this principle of subsidiarity so anyway the idea is when you read more for your mains preparation or for the topics indicated you gain a lot of ideas which will be useful for you some way or the other in your films okay so that way also mains preparation will be helpful and people who do not do proper preparation in this period of time they will feel themselves getting trapped in the regular cycle what is the regular cycle every problems two three problems you will fail let's say third problems or fourth problems you clear at that time when you go mains topics also you're not clear you will keep preparing something for the next three four months they go right mains lack of clarity lack of perfection you will not clear mains by the time the mains results are out once again you will start getting into trap of problems test series and everything a self-defeating trap you will not be able to come out of it at all the only reason is because you have wasted the six months without completing your mains preparation only when you complete this one mains that you give will be a guaranteed success for you go to the next phase otherwise what happens is after problems once again three months three months for mains topic coverage topic coverage okay only the few areas you'll be able to cover but what about every area coverage right so that is why use this time in a right manner okay that's why I say here ensure slow and steady build up of nodes take it slow you guys should not join a weekly test series you should only join a fortnightly test series which also has the next fortnight as an essay test also so that there is at least one more month three weeks or four weeks gap before the next GS topic can be prepared and you can go and write the next test having the same test series every week is self-defeating again you will not be able to prepare even for a single topic proper maximum two topics two bullet points will be able to prepare then what is the point of appearing in a full test then no point so go for a test series which is well spaced out two weeks once three weeks once if you have a test go for that okay only then you can at least one to experience this process of what is this uh uh dedicated elaborate note making process what is this once you should experience it in fact I would even say once if you have done this process completely then you can even think of taking an alternative career also if you're not able to have success in this exam you can even go for some other career and parallel you can prepare because this work has been completed but if somebody has not completed this work uh it's better if they focus on an alternative career and not focus on this after that okay because you will not get the time again to prepare in the similar manner right this is a very important crucial phase of this exam because first year of your classes you are completely in the huddy-burry of the class daily classes to attend to daily news paper to read so you where is the time to make separate notes so now is the time make use of a proper once you do it for the next six months it will always be beneficial for you and whatever number of problems you make okay and also this is the time to slowly line by line you can improve your writing practice like if your grammar is not good what can be done okay read some small articles okay read small newspaper articles write it without seeing like that slowly work your grammar language skills and everything that is all not something that somebody who's going to write main this year will be able to okay just because you have time but focus that until the next january or december don't even think about problems okay because it's a very natural human feeling if you don't clear in problems you have always your thought is at least i should guarantee problems are at least problems i should clear next time okay that will give you some satisfaction for the efforts that you have put in but that is not the goal at all the war has to be one not one battle correct so don't we have bothered about your problems gone is gone you will anyway clear problem if you do this next six months all right so choose a test package according all right so that's all if you have any doubts you can ask me sorry what cause and clause and cases okay you're asking me if a train in my four understanding of hindi what i was able to understand is if a train accident like this happens if they ask you for solutions to prevent this from happening you're asking me what i should write depends on if it's only a 15 sorry 10 mark answer only for one and a half pages you have the space to write and you have six significant steps to be taken in that case you will not actually have the space to elaborate on itself you're not given unlimited space but the limited space you have to space in your ideas so you decide how much of elaboration you can make so if there are six or seven first of all i don't know where this this is related not in gs one not in gs two not in gs four in gs three in science and tech is there any relationship i'm not sure maybe disaster management can this be disaster could be okay maybe in disaster management there could be but yeah there you can if at all a question is asked a 10 mark question maybe you can simply mention it or if it's a 15 mark question if you have sufficient points so you're asking me should you elaborate it or not yes you should if it's a 15 mark answer you need not if it's a 10 mark answer if you have the content and you have read for they don't they don't yeah that's because model answers we have to justify to the students we're getting money from you so we're giving something 30 pages bulk same answer in the sense space is not there how will you elaborate but here we have unlimited space to write an answer so we copy paste everything and we give it as a model and preparing at the leisure of your offers then preparing with unlimited time in your hand is different and the person who's facing the examination their shortage of time within 10 minutes their feeling is completely different so even if he has points he is not in a position to elaborate but i'll tell you let's say you don't have six different points right you only have three points then why not elaborate fill in the pages otherwise there's a sense of the examiner gets that you have not written adequate enough okay more points i will not elaborate i'll just write the different different points less points i'll keep stretching the content anything else equal everything is equal yeah okay sometimes students ask me sir should i start writing from 15 markers i'll finish between markers then i'll come to 10 markers and i'll go in the order okay the reason is the first impressions will be created in the first part of your booklet and what are there in the first part 10 markers okay whereas you put a lot of time writing 15 mark finally the last 45 minutes you come to 10 markers you will start writing some notes it will not be as good as the latter part of your answer and the first impression will not be a good impression okay so go in order okay so if this question is from that understanding that first you will finish the 15 markers then you will come to 10 markers i would say that equal importance should be given for every answer anything yeah long term to mean long term read okay yeah i'm just coming i'll keep your question address it next can you explain about moksha which is Shankar providing that's four test series okay i'll take your question after five two minutes regarding your question regarding essay a long-term effort includes a lot of transformation on what you do on a daily basis so you read so you should start reading fiction non-fiction not fiction non-fiction mainly okay read some very classic books very standard books which has a upsc value in essay for example there are good books like man search for meaning okay that's a very transformational book will give you a lot of idea about humanity human being motivation and all that like that i can give you some 10 list of books you have to just start reading non-fiction books that has some connect with essay for for that first identify study essay paper analyze what kind of areas are asked in essays essays upsc asks about human efforts it asks about determination it asks about passion it asks about about like what yeah a question was asked life was a transformation from human being to being humane right so it means it's a it's more about values virtues where you are able to overcome your animal instincts of accumulation materialistic pursuits right so it's basically self-help it's philosophy spirituality all combined together if you are able to read such kind of works constantly you will be molded in such a way where you can feel that yes you have read some anecdotes and stories with which you'll be able to write some things for the right it could be oh shows books small small books easy to read books okay which are there on amazon yeah that could be helpful okay or it could be robot greens books okay robot green is an author who touches about human psychology and human nature almost all his works will be useful for essay paper okay there's a book that he has written it's called laws of human nature so when you read that you will be able to get a lot of examples from history which will show how human beings we try to manipulate others what is the evil consequences of our actions it's a good book on analyzing human actions and how we can be better persons i can just go about there are just so many book list if you would just walk on the roads of pusa road there are so many book shops on the roads just take one book the most best-selling book of the recent days okay something on the road just pick up and all those books which are there are just like that take them start reading them that is the first step plus into paper on sundays you get the supplement magazine have you read any you should start reading it there are a lot of wonderful book reviews that are there which will have some interesting anecdotes which will be material for your essay paper in fact there are essays written in magazine by readers about their life about their nostalgic experience of the past those reminisces of their lives will be a good material for your answer in your essay paper essay paper is all about being watchful for good content and being keen on collecting them for further use okay it could be even be in the form of movies that you watch it could be the form of video videos that you watch anything and everything could be a source of ideas and enrichment for your essay paper so and so an exercise that i have given for students where i have taught classes is that every sunday you take this magazine okay previous question of essay you take it from that week's magazine supplement you read now you find whatever you read try to extract some ideas as answers and try to collect for those previous year's questions you keep on doing it you have a database of good incident stories for areas of previous year's questions similar kind of question asked next year you may be able to use it that is one way of doing essay there is no one way of one book to read and master this like for history if you ask me i would suggest bippin chandra read it become good essay is like a long term transformation for a short term the solution that i can give for managing your essay paper in your real examination is chad gpd okay put in the codes learn whatever comes out of that learn how to write essays that's for short term for that next upcoming means yeah yeah definitely that is the best way to think on abstract ideas yeah you can do that ships don't sink because of water outside them but because of water inside them there was a question so what does it mean it means that no matter what the negativities are there outside you until you don't get affected by them there is no problem you can give examples a lot of examples you can give even upc aspirants life every day there are a lot of criticisms mockery at you everybody questions your belief and conviction in your own process but some people get affected and they quit whereas all in the rank one would have also faced the same criticism everybody would have looked at him you and all are you capable of cracking but he proves it because just that he had a thick skin he was not affected by it like that look at the previous are quotes connect in whatever creative ways you can connect okay for the same i can say in the 2009 global crisis happened for many when bankrupt but companies which had strong accounting financial practices they did not go bankrupt correct so same get to stimulus but how two different entities react is based on what core they have and not because of the externality correct this is one other example like that for every court keep thinking of examples okay this example thinking comes from all these different sources from where you can collect and think about okay four different types of main stress series for those who are appearing in this year's mains main stress series my suggestion is if you are a pressure go for this moksha pressure 23 if you already have an experience in veterans i mean if you already have experience in means go for the veterans the difference primarily is in freshers all the tests at least the first 8 to 10 tests those tests are 250 mark tests but they do not cover every topic of every subject for example the first test gs1 test for freshers you have history society geography that's a syllabus that's the same syllabus as gs paper one but not every topic of history not every topic of society not every topic of geography whereas for a veteran that package will have all tests are only full tests just like a upsc gs1 full tests right this is the main difference after a point of time after the first 10 tests test series will be common for veterans and pressures because after that both of them will be writing full tests the first 10 tests alone there is a difference for freshers it is not a complete coverage of every topic of the syllabus but at the same time we we don't exclude any subject also all subjects are there but that's that not all topics will be covered for freshers okay and then there's another program mains annual i think a long term plan is also there right the long term plan is basically it is sectional test okay we don't go for a three subjects all put together as like that instead we go for one leg history two weeks once you have a test the next two weeks henceforth you will have one full 250 mark test only on society like that we cover theme by theme first and then we go for structured tests that is a long-term mains program and then you have another program which is actually integrated mains come prelims 2024 basically it's an amalgamation of the one which i just recently described plus you'll also have the next year's prelims test series also a part of right so if you are going to give your exam this year you should either go for the freshers package or the veterans package of 23 if you're not going to give your mains this year you should go for a standalone extensive mains program or go for a mains come prelims integrated program or you decide i'll only go for mains program now prelims test series i have another choice in my mind or i'll later give fees and join it's all your choice okay so this is the difference in the long-term mains program we address subject by subject first we completed first and then we go for sectional test we completed then we go for full test okay the brochure that is there on the internet on the website as well as the brochure you can get collected from outside we'll explain to you the features of different tests so how are we going to go about with the tests today we have an orientation session oh it is supposed to start no sorry so if i now i will start with the waiting okay okay so right now the orientation will happen for the next week's test okay so we'll give you an idea about what to study how to study what kind of questions that are subject wise faculties will discuss with you after that we'll be following with the next week's test once the test is over okay the 232.5 will be the test 5 to 8 will be the discussion for the all the tests will have an orientation for veterans you don't have orientation because you are already oriented to last year that means for freshers we are just we will have a orientation session first once the orientation is over you'll get an idea with that idea you can read for one full week then come and appear in your tests okay okay all right so make use of your test programs and do your preparation properly for the next couple of months okay