 I'm Tahiro of Delay. I work for IITA. I'm based in Kano. I have reported in this workshop on the work we are doing in collaboration with Hillary and looking at what farmers are doing with their crop residue in West Africa and looking at the trade-offs between feeding your crop residue to your livestock or applying it for a man in your soil. Basically what we look at is the short-term gains between the two and what is currently coming out is what we see the role of the market where feed market, crop residue markets are emerging and the immediate benefit is for farmers to apply more to give more of their crop residue to their livestock because the other gains in terms of soil fertility to be more long-term oriented and farmers tend to focus more on the short-term gains. This work was conducted in Niger, in Ghana and in Nigeria trying to see what's the effect of agroecology gradient and also market access.