 We need some rule, and I think this is an area where Professor Suzuki is active for many years. So can you please tell us where we are in the governance and where do you see the path forward? Sure. First of all, thank you very much for inviting me for this World Policy Conference. This is a second time, and I'm very happy that the space is now on the agenda. And I think we are now in the phase of the Space 2.0, and the Space 1.0 is the image of this. The American astronauts having a dozen stripes on the patch here, and everything is done by the big countries. But today, the Space 2.0 is all about the democratization. Everyone is now the participants in the space activities, including UAE. And I think the UAE is now playing a very important role to be as a hub of the international cooperation. So that increasing number of the participants in the space is the one thing. The second is the commercialization. We do have a lot of the commercial activities here in this panel. So commercialization is not like this. There are a number of private funds, and the private actors are now involved. And these are different from the traditional actors in governance. The third is the militarization. The space is now being used for the military purposes in a lot. And the commercial services, like Starlink, is used for the military services. I mean, if you look at, in the case of UAE, the war in Ukraine, that Ukraine doesn't own the space assets, but they are extensively using space for the military purposes, and they are very successful of doing that. But on the other hand, that is creating the fourth point, which is the vulnerability of these space assets. Because these commercial space assets, as well as government ones, are now being used to make a difference in the warfighting field, then it may have the very important point of attacking those space assets and destroying the capabilities of space. So that means that the space, well, space is generally a vulnerable asset. You know, the space is, there's no place to hide. You know, the trajectory and orbits are easy to detect. And then, you know, you can shoot down, or you can jam the radio waves, or you can do the Corbital, which means, you know, the killer satellite just following the other satellite. You know, there are a lot of ways to disrupt the services from space. So in that sense, I think the space today is very important to have some sort of a rule of road, and to make sure that we do have some sort of governance, because space is very unique, because there is no borders, there is no area denial, you know, space, everything is moving. You know, the only law it defines this space activity is the law of physics, and, you know, everything just being not working as the terrestrial rules can be applied. So it's a different ballgame, and we need to think of the different or creative method of understanding how to use space, or how to govern space. And particularly with regard to the commercial assets is important, because, you know, the extensive commercialization of space is now making it possible for everyone, including the private actors, using space for, you know, some sort of military purposes. I mean, for example, if you read the newspapers, the newspaper buys a very sophisticated Earth observation images which are close to the sharpness of the spy satellite. So everyone is now being able to have almost equivalent capabilities of monitoring surveillance for the reconnaissance of what happened in Russia, in Ukraine, and, you know, these capabilities may be used and maybe blur the boundary between the public and the private actors. And so these increasing number of actors because of the democratization, because of the commercialization, and the much more complex use of space for variety of purposes. How do we govern this space? And it's, we can't really apply the, you know, the traditional international law where, you know, the, you know, certain area is defined by the certain countries and the other areas is others. So what we need to do is to build up the norm to govern the global commons. And there has been some attempts to build up the norms. The European Union has engaged in the activities to build up the international code of conduct, which was unfortunately not successful. The Russia and China is trying to build up the new treaty, which is law binding, legally binding rules to prevent the use of space for the military purposes. But again, this was not very successful. So I think we are now, we need to do something from a different approach. And one of which is the open-ended working group, which is conducted under those species of United Nations General Assembly, which was initially the UK's initiative, but also Japan is part of it. And I think these norm-building exercises is now being a very important part. I think this is gradually sharing the understanding that the space is a global commons, so that even the conflicting actors needs to control space and control their behavior. And what is interesting in the case of war in Ukraine is that the Russia, even though it has the capability of disrupting and distracting the satellites, the commercial satellite as well as the US satellite, which provides services for Ukraine, the Russia doesn't really do that. First of all, it's because the new technology called the constellation like Starlink, you know, 2000, 3000 satellites, you can't really shoot down the 3000 satellites at once. So this new technology is just creating a situation where the shooting down the satellite or disrupting the satellite services is no longer possible. And the other thing is the deterrence. If because the satellite belongs to certain countries, therefore it can be claimed that, you know, the attacking on the satellite is the act of war and then exercise the self-defense. So if the Russians attacking on the American satellite, then it is automatically creates the situation where the Russia is fighting against the United States. So this deterrence is another way of governing the international rules. And based on this, you know, new technology, the constellation and risk, and also the deterrence. And then we'll build up the norm discussion in the open-ended working group under the United Nations. And I think this is the currently ongoing effort of building the international governance in space. Thank you. Thank you for the picture.