 Well, thank you very much. I'll see if I can do it just in a few minutes Because I think everybody is wants to get up and move around The first point I want to make is that if we are talking about governing a healthy city there really is We have to have a clear principle that it's got to be people based Which means that decision-making and policies should be focused on how it impacts on people Now this is easy to say and much harder to do But I think it's important to just bear this in mind a healthy city healthy for whom healthy for people Secondly is we've spent a lot of time talking about Infrastructure and the urban form This is a combination of the political economy land use ownership what development means in that city and that generates Density and creates a certain sense of well-being or stressed It's unavoidable to talk about the politics, which is why I think we've ended up a good part of this afternoon about that I suspect we take any city We we need to ask a number of questions about the assumptions behind the economy of That city and let me just use Hong Kong as a point of reflection And perhaps for those of you who come from other cities you see if if you ask the same question about your city What answer you would get our friend from SoCo was asked a question by by a gentleman You know why why haven't Hong Kong done certain things Now let's just put out a number of facts and then let's reflect on why that might be so You're absolutely right. Hong Kong is tremendously wealthy for this current year We have a nine billion US dollar surplus This is the government budget and they expect for the next five years. We should have similar amount Okay, if the economy world economy goes into a nosedive that might be affected but there is one piece of information where Didn't come out in this discussion Which is why does Hong Kong have so much money to build hardware infrastructure? You've probably what you you saw Secretary Lam's presentation We are changing the face of the city all the time. We have a West Kowloon Cultural Center coming up that is being designed by Norman Foster Mrs. Lam told us about where the old airport was and you know how we're gonna transform this into a cruise terminal and Private housing and a new commercial center and then she showed us other places around Hong Kong where tremendous things are gonna take place She also said whilst we're not going to reclaim in the harbor anymore. We are going to reclaim So if you just count all those things up, where's the money coming from who's gonna pay for that now in Hong Kong? What we do is When whenever we sell land when we say making land available, right or the private housing They will have to go and pay and buy the land or change land use and every time you change land use in Hong Kong You pay something called land premium, which means you have to pay a lot of money up front now What happens here is that money does not go into general government revenue That money doesn't go into paying for education or cleaning up the environment or health care for that matter That money is put into a special account just to pour concrete So that's why Hong Kong perhaps is a unique case where we continuously have money Year after year to invest in hardware now if you look at the government budget You'd say well, well, where's the money going into the software? You know the health services cleaning up the environment even education. It's not like we're not investing in those areas But when you compare it to the billions and billions that we put into hardware infrastructure It is kind of a poor cousin Now with that in mind we we can say well, have we under invested in certain things and Why do our government official generation after generation prefer a hardware model now? It probably has to do with that our young, you know our current generation of leaders They they made their name they cut their teeth at a time when Hong Kong had to pour a lot of concrete So this became the development model So that's why we are fearful that if we do not build a third runway to our airport But Hong Kong is going to be finished if we don't build another highway another tunnel that connects us with the mainland And and and you know the airport connecting us to ever more people around the world that Hong Kong would be over Now I'm sure many of you recognize that this is probably the kind of fear that Officials politicians have all around the world and nobody no city no government No political party around the world has yet come up with a vision that they believe is compelling a Vision about investing in the softer side of things, you know, can we imagine? That growth and development and prosperity and well-being can come through another form of community investments Now of course, there are many cities around the world where they should have invested Insanitation they should have provided public toilets, but these were clearly not the priority Which is why they're not there. So when we asked the question, why weren't they the priority? I think it's not just a matter of saying Do you have a democratic system or not or you know, is there corruption perhaps a deeper question is to say What is in the minds of the elites who are making these decisions about what they think is good for their communities? The the other question I want to ask then is how do we share the wealth of the community? Now when we see the kind of deprivation we we have in Hong Kong in a very very well wealthy city well, it's always painful for any Any community Amongst the elites actually to talk about sharing of wealth. Let's just look at at Hong Kong as our friend from Soco said we our Average income per month household income is about 17,500 dollars Actually, that's the same as it was in 1999 so it means that for 12 years we've been frozen Yet our economy has grown by 55 percent and yet Productivity has grown on average four percent a year. So something is not working But we're not having in our community this kind of discussion People are afraid to have this kind of discussion and also I think the political elites and the business elites are uncomfortable with this kind of discussion Because they worry that it's going to be very Conflictual it's going to be violent So we don't end up having a way to have these conversations So I just want to end what what What I want to say by referring to something that Professor Argo while said he kind of laid out a model for how we need to have connected decision-making and I think Other experts had talked about relational decision-making. How do we make the right kind of policy interventions both today and yesterday? To do some of those things. I think we need to think about the processes of creating conversations on the ground The work from many of you and they are they are they are the world-leading works But perhaps even that does not adequately inform Decision-makers whether in public or the private sector in your own community And I think we need to ask why why those things are not being used and in my community I'd like to think well, how can we build the kind of cross discipline? conversations informed by The hard and the soft sciences where we can produce the visuals that will move certain decision-makers that We also need to take them on walkabouts so that they can see as as Edgar was saying and Ricky you went to Cape Town and you did they didn't want to see so this this blindness That the elites have and even people who are governing can only be cured if they could be brought to see So how can we create the kind of conversation that clearly has the evidence that clearly is Where we're able to see and then we design the conversations which are not heard The other thing about political the political timetable is we don't have time, you know We make decisions. We just got to get on with it if you propose something that will take Maybe a year or so to have deep conversation within the community many many Politicians would say this taking too long is going to cost money Who's going to pay for it? And then you know when conversation don't seems to go well This is because decisions are not being made then people say well, you know, this is a waste of time So I think we need to also perhaps put the kind of tools the language of tools and processes Because Commercial and political decision-makers need them And perhaps the lesson for those of us who in research is how can we package them in a way that actually makes it easier to Communicate also with those people who are making the decisions That sort of thing and better right and even better It's worth it's worth spending time To think about the conversation that must take place across sectors and on the ground with community is unfortunately going to take time and effort and Commitment from both the public and the private sector to be willing to fund and sustain it Okay, thank you