 This research found that mesenchymal stem cells can be used to treat lungeschemia reperfusion injury. It also discovered that these cells produce exosomes which contain a specific type of microRNA that can reduce pyroptosis, a process involved in inflammation. Pyroptosis is caused by the activation of caspuses, which are enzymes that break down proteins. By reducing pyroptosis, this microRNA helps to protect against further damage from the injury. Additionally, it was found that this microRNA targets a protein called CMPK2, which is involved in the production of caspuses. Thus, this microRNA reduces pyroptosis by decreasing the amount of CMPK2 produced. This article was authored by Zhilu Sun, Tingyu, by Hong Zhong, and others.