 May I come in sir? Yes, come in. Good morning sir. Good morning. Good morning. Thank you sir. Ramakantan Reddy. Yes sir. What are your subjects in? Options. Options in forestry. Sir I have forestry and geology as my options. Forestry and geology. Your DAF is, IFS DAF is not available. This is civil services. You are given that or? I don't know. By mistake then. Forestry and geology. Tell me something about this Daikon ACs. I find a lot of them bigger. Whether this brand is better than many others Indian and foreign brands and what was your job? Starting with my job sir, I worked as an AC development engineer. So I was allotted to compressor department in Daikon air conditioners there. So I was working there as a trainee itself before I was resigned from the job. So coming to the sales of the Daikon air conditioners, Daikon has expanded its base from Japan to various other countries and recently in last decade it is aggressively promoting its brand in India. And many people in India are buying because of its relative competitiveness in terms of price and as well as the performance that Daikon gives compared to other brands. What about after sales service? Yes sir. In the initial days when the Daikon entered around 2010 to 2015, their after sales were not very good. Since they realized and now they started promoting after sales also very vigorously and they have two manufacturing bases in India and after sales centers are... Where are the bases? Sir, two plants are in Nimbrana Rajasthan and one more plant they recently procured the land and start constructing in city of Annapurna. I was reading somewhere that some of our teams have broken 129 years record. You read that? Sir, can you repeat the question? Our cricket teams, one of our cricket team has broken 129 years record. Ranjit Rofi. Sorry sir, I haven't heard of it. I have to read. The nine half centuries in one year means it was established before 129 years. That's okay. PIL. What is PIL? Sir, public interest litigation. It's news all the time but I am told it has got another two more definitions. Sir, even the judges themselves of Supreme Court also have sometimes called it as private interest litigation in some cases. In some cases, political interest litigation. Because of the cases which the court was hearing, the court felt that it is being used by various actors for their own personal benefit instead of using it as a tool for public interest. Whether some guidelines have been issued by the Supreme Court on this? How to decide which case should be taken because most of their time is consumed in these PILs. Some of the courts have done quite good for the country. Sir, definitely I remember that Supreme Court gave guidelines but sorry sir, I don't remember them now. I have read about it that Supreme Court has given guidelines. Supreme Court was also furious yesterday that we are wasting a lot of medical seats. Medical seats already derped in India. That's why people are students going to Ukraine and many other countries. But last year I think we wasted some seats. Any idea? No sir. More than 1500 seats have been wasted, not utilized. Sorry sir, I am not aware of that. Which is the most important carbon sink? And can you tell me first, second, third? When we say carbon sink, we have carbon sink. Which is the first one, second one, third one? Sir, is it about ecosystem wise? Yes, ecosystem wise. Sir, coral ecosystems, mangrove ecosystems and when it comes to the equatorial forest ecosystems, these are the top three carbon sinks. On the terrestrial, terrestrial? Sir, in terrestrial the first is wetlands and littoral swamps and wetlands. No, otherwise oceans are the first, most important carbon sinks. Second comes soil. Yes sir. Third will be what? Forest. Yes sir, I mean in terms of forest wetlands. Or all if you take. See we see lot of big big advertisements in newspapers and newspapers also very very thick. And cost is only 5 rupees, 6 rupees. How would this survive? And some are lot of photographs, glossy paper, but we get it very cheap and that much money we earn also in selling the papers. Sir, because most of the newspapers they earn their revenue by ads advertisements. So, in these big big newspapers which you see majority of the pages will be promoting various institutes or various advertisements of different types. So, they are majority of their revenue and the 5 rupees or whatever amount which we are paying is almost negligible for their cost which is a print by these papers. It is just to ensure that wide base is there and we read all those things. Yes sir, it makes more affordable for each and every person to buy their newspaper. Yes sir. Alright sir, ready? Yes sir. So, you have some paratha. Yes sir. What has been the speed of Zedan's person trying to locate? Sir, it is a critically endangered bird which lives in grasslands. It was last scientifically and accurately it was sighted in 1986, around 1986 by Jagannathan who was very interested in doing the research of Zedan's course. And again he tried a lot and various other teams even from BNHS have came and tried to find the bird. In around 2008 and 2009 there were two... Sorry, in 1986 it was found by Jagannathan. He photographed it during that time. I am not sure, I will find it out. Yeah, what else? And again 2008 and 2009 there were few more people who came and vigorously tried to find that bird. They didn't find any images of it but two people say that they have sighted it and they found the voice of that from the acoustic centre which they installed. But it is up to divide many, doesn't agree with them. Do you think it should be declared an extinct species? Sir, I feel there is no concrete evidence as of now. People because we have to verify the facts which the people found it was in the 8 and 9. And moreover during that time there was canal which was constructed just going through the sanctuary. And various people environmentalists argue that it is because of this destruction of its habitat. We are completely losing that species. So I think that destruction should be stopped and further research has to be done to find... Investigations have to be done to find that bird. What is that bird called locally? Sir, Kalevi Kodi. What is Kadapa stones? Sir, Kadapa stones in general terminology with the local use refers to the limestone which is locally available. Blackish coloured, black to greyish coloured granite and limestone which are found in Kadapa. Why is it become so famous? Sir, it is extensively used. Both for locally the people use it for construction purposes. And it is also used by the cement industries which are in and around Kadapa regions. Now you are UPSC, what is the address of UPSC? Sir, it is in Shah Jahan Road, New Delhi. That's all. Dollpur House. Dollpur House. Now Dollpur is a place in Rajasthan. Why is that address in Delhi? Sorry sir, I am not aware of that. Have you heard about Dollpur stones? I haven't heard about it sir. But there is one competitive stone for Kadapa stone from Rajasthan area. I think it might be from Dollpur region but I am not sure of this. Cities have become major hotspots for climate change. Do you agree with that? Yes sir, I agree with that statement. Mainly because the cities are acting as urban heat islands and they are aggravating the climate parameters in and around the region. So what should we do about it? Because most of the cities in India are very congested. We are having a lot of urban space and climate change, vulnerable region. So what should we do about it? Sir, firstly when it comes to existing cities, we have to make it more greener and make it more neutral when it comes to carbon emissions. Retrofitting of the buildings and planning innovative and new technologies. For example, Miyawaki forestry is one method which can be aggressively implemented in various urban cities right now. And all those new buildings which are coming up in the urban cities, if they are made to be compliant to zero emission norms or usage of green technologies, further promotion of natural ventilation so that the demand for energy reduces naturally. So if these measures are taken, to certain extent we can definitely reduce the demand of energy demand of a city and make it more green. There is a model by Ahmedabad. It is called Ahmedabad model in context to this. Are you aware of it? That is green roofing. Sorry, Ahmedabad. NMA had a challenge on green roofing. Not a word. I haven't heard of it. This vehicle, last question from my side. This vehicle or pollution is a major issue. Yes sir. And should, is CO2 a pollutant according to our classification of air quality index? Sir, CO2 is not considered as a pollutant in air quality index but it is a greenhouse gas. Should we classify it as an air pollutant? Sir, I am not very aware of it. It definitely causes greenhouse effect but I am not very sure of its harmful impact directly on human side. What are the other air quality impacts? There are eight parameters. As a mechanical engineer, do you think any other parameter should be included? No sir, as of now I can think of only those eight parameters. I am not aware of any other harmful gases. All right. And lead is one of the parameters. Where do you get lead from in the air? Sir, in my limited awareness I think it comes from the nuclear power plant but I am not very sure of any other sources from where lead comes. All right. Thank you. Okay. Damakanth, you appeared for the civil service also? Yes sir. Interview? Yes sir. What was the outcome? Sir, finally I did not get selected. I got 160 in my civil services interviews. 160. 160. Okay. Why you want to join forest service? Forest service? Sir, I was right from the start when I started this preparation. I was interested in both the services, Indian administrative service as well as Indian forest service. Primarily because both of them helped me in dealing with the people at the grass root level. And Indian forest service specifically provides me that opportunity to be part of both the development as well as conservation. So that is why I have been applying for both the exams I had to start. Tell me something about Kodapa, especially of the district? Yes sir. Sir, geographically Kodapa district is an amalgamation of two different types of geophysical regions. One is it has mountains and forests and one is not the eastern corner of the district. And the western part of the district is added to semi-arid in nature. Geographically it is so very unique and different types of disasters are there. So it becomes very challenging for an administrator to manage. Okay. What type of forest you get in Andhra? Sir, majorly five different types of forests are available in Andhra Pradesh. One is dry deciduous forests which is spread in a vast region. Then moist deciduous forests, littoral and swamp forests, scrub forests as well as dry evergreen forests. These are the five major types of forests. Okay. Please tell important three species you find in Andhra. Sir, one is Azadirecta indica, deep is very widely available in Andhra Pradesh. Other than this, pterocarpus sandalilus that is red sandals is grown in Seshachalam hills. Then the coastal part of Andhra Pradesh, we find... Sir, I have unable to find it. Sir, tell something about the fauna also. Yes, sir. Jordan's coarser, great Indian buster when it comes to avian species. Both these critically endangered species are found in Andhra Pradesh. Other than this, tigers are found in Nagarjuna Sarashtri, Selam Tiger reserve. Then it is also lest with elephants in southern part of Andhra Pradesh. Then pelicans, pelicans are flamingos, these are some of the other avian fauna. Okay. What is the status of red sandals tree in Andhra? Why it is so important? Why it is smuggled? Yes. This option is also a problem and all these things you will understand. Sir, firstly there is high demand in the foreign countries for the red sandals. Especially in the countries like Japan, China, where it is used for making furniture and musical instruments. It is in high demand from the foreign countries. When it comes to supply side, because of its peculiar growing conditions, it is found only in the Sesha Chalam himself. So this made it a very high in demand species all over the world. So the government had a policy that any private individual, any farmer, if he wants to grow or cut and sell the tree, so he has to get a license from the government itself. So this made it very difficult for people to grow and cut it and sell it in the market. So this has given rise to huge smuggling from the local places where people started smuggling it illegally. Okay. Why the coastal conservation is very important? Keeping in view the climate change situation and the storms and all the things are disturbing. So what types of plant species you use for the coastal conservation in Andhra? Sir, coastal conservation is of very prime importance. Because nearly 40% of entire India's population lives within 100 km from the coastal area. Secondly, coastal areas have high threats from various climate type disasters, including tsunamis, cyclones, as well as frequent flash floods. So it becomes of even more importance to conserve the ecosystem. So promotion of mangrove forest, which I feel are the lifeline to protect the coastal ecosystem, so as to reduce the damage of any incoming disasters is of very high importance. So even in the state of Andhra Pradesh, the coastal region is blessed with high amount of mangroves. Other than mangrove, if you go in for plantation activity, what species you recommend for that? Sir, can I take a few moments? Sure. Sorry, sir. There is one specific species which I am trying to recall, but I am unable to be correct. Which is Andhra Pradesh? Yes, sir. Kajarani equicity for India. This Andhra Pradesh government is promoting vigorous. Kajarani plantation. Okay, sir. My last question, livelihood is very important. Yes. Keeping in view the poverty and the terrible population and all these things. And our government of India is trying to double the income of farmers. How you see the potential of white revolution in context of increasing, because it is a coastal area? Yes, sir. How deep we can go in the sea for fishing activities? Yes, sir. How many kilometers, nautical miles we can enter into the sea for fishing activities? Sir, we can go to at least till 12 nautical miles, which comes directly under the control of the Indian government as well as the state can go up to there. So, till 12 nautical miles, definitely the fisherman can go and fish. But at the same time, though livelihood is very important, we also need to take care of the sustainability of the fishing ecosystem. So, because various methods which are used by the fishermen because of lack of knowledge or lack of available technology. So, they used unsustainable fishing techniques in some of the areas like cyanide fishing also is used, bottom trawling is used in some cases. So, I think making a balance between these two, promoting the newer technologies and promoting fishing in a sustainable manner till 12 nautical miles and promoting the new methods which Nithya also proposed like cage farming and promoting in areas where ornamental fishing in some of the areas can be looked into. So, to strike a balance between both these. Okay. So, suppose you get Andhra Pradesh carder. Yes, sir. And you are given the responsibility of carrying out a forestation in Andhra Pradesh. How will you devise the policy? Yes, sir. So, firstly, I will look into the area where the forestation needs to be done, that geographical climate of the availability of water and type of soil. So, this gives me a fair idea of what type of species are best suited. So, I will try to focus mainly on the Nithya species which are already available. So, looking in the history of the region. So, if it comes into the arid region of Andhra Pradesh. So, focusing on Azadirakta Indika or Tectona grandis in western part of Andhra Pradesh or when it comes to coastal region then Casurina species. So, depending upon that local conditions and also seeing the demands where the like local people. For example, if it is in a area where tribals are living. So, I will try to interact with them and see what species they want because at the end of the day if the tribals are actively participating for promotion of non-timber forest produce. So, they will also be stakeholders in looking after the trees in the future. So, these factors I would consider and see. What do you think the trees will be suitable for them? Your guess or your analysis? Sir, in Andhra Pradesh when it comes to non-timber forest produce. So, there is a tree which locally is called Kamanchi, but sorry sir I do not know its scientific name. It is very highly used when it comes to when it comes as non-timber forest produce. So, apart from this they also is Tamarindas indica and Mangifera indica which are widely existent in Andhra Pradesh. So, these are some of the trees which I could think of either. Okay. Now recently there has been a trend of increasing the use of word ESG. Have you heard of this term? Especially in the context of private sector companies. Sorry sir I have not heard of ESG. Okay. Anyway, how has been the monsoon pattern this year till now? Sir, the monsoon this year had an early entry. It was at least projected by the IMD that it will be an early monsoon this year. So, when I was even staying in Hyderabad we had pre-monsoon showers very early this time. But post that post the pre-monsoon showers again we had a very dry phase and very hot and humid phase. Where we did not had any rains. Will we seeing a deficit this year? Rainfall deficit? Sir, according to IMD it is projecting that there will be not a very huge deficit as such. So, it will be a normal monsoon. Okay. How to increase the environmental awareness among the youth? Sir, I feel the first step should start from the education itself. So, our education we starting from the schooling education. So, it is mostly of complete bookish type of knowledge where the people are being provided very less non-curricular knowledge. So, having nature camps or eco-tourist camps or some plantation rise at the school level where children themselves are promoted to planetary or adoptatory. So, along with that having school gardens in areas where it is possible will definitely help spreading awareness among the children at the ground level. Secondly, when it comes to the youth or the people who are in already in college level having some advertisements which make them not just from a commercial angle but which make them sensitive towards environment. Making them feel that environment is something which without which we can't live. So, such type of advertisements and uses of social media would definitely help in changing the perception of youth. Okay. You are from Kadapa. Yes, sir. So, why is Kadapa stone popular? Sir, Kadapa stone is popular because it is because of its strong because of its hardness. It is very tough to break Kadapa stone. So, it is widely used in the local housing industry there. And it is also because of its properties it is used in cement industry. What about the cost also? Sir, cost is also very cheap because of its high abundance over there in Kadapa region. Okay. Thank you. Thank you.