 The Mara River basin, located in East Africa, hosts the internationally recognized Mara-Sarangeti Landscape and Indigenous cultures. The basin's sole source of surface water during the dry season is the Mara River. However, the recent years have seen an increase in erratic flow due to land use change and climate change. To investigate the response of headwater hydrology to these changes, the soil water assessment tool is what was applied. The results indicate that further conversion of forests to agriculture and grassland will reduce dry season flows and increase peak flows, leading to greater water scarcity and erosion. Climate change projections suggest modest increases in precipitation accompanied by temperature increases, with little impact on annual water yields or mean discharge under median projections. However, the basin is highly vulnerable under low and high extremes of projected precipitation changes. To adapt to climate change, it is recommended that land management practices be improved to enhance infiltration and aquifari chart. This article was authored by L.M. Mango, A.M. Maleste, M.E. McLean, and others. We are article.tv, the links in the description below.