 we conducted a comprehensive literature review to identify potential prognostic biomarker candidates for hepatocellular cosonoma, HCC. We then validated these candidates in three different datasets, including RNA sequencing, microarrays, and gene chip data. We found that only a few of the candidate biomarkers retained prognostic value when tested on separate datasets. Furthermore, none of the biomarkers were better than stage at predicting overall survival. This study helps to eliminate biomarkers with limited capability to predict overall survival and or vascular invasion. This article was authored by Othelia Menihart, Adam Nagy, and Bolas Gyrffy.