 Hello, everyone. I'm Audrey Tang. I'm very happy to be here virtually to share with you some of the work we've been doing in Taiwan around open government. Now, before we begin, I would like to invite you to use your phone and get into this website slido.com and enter today's date 426 so that we can get into the same chat room. And you can ask me there any question during my 15 minutes talk. And I'll strive to answer them all during the 45 minutes conversation following the pre-recorded talk. So when President Tsai Ing-wen was inaugurated last May, I was very happy because I voted for her. The main reason I voted for her is that I live with seven cats and two dogs, and she's a fellow animal lover with similar values such as animal welfare, but also cultural diversity and marriage equality and so on. And this is our first family, by the way. But during the transition of power, which occurred during the election in January to May, there's four months, it was remarkably peaceful. I was touring around Europe at the time giving talks and such around open data, which is one of the work that we've been doing under the previous cabinet with Premier Simon Zhang. And Simon's interesting because he's a Google engineer, and together his cabinet mandated that all the government data must be made open, of course preserving privacy and national secrets. But it is because of an independent nonpartisan Premier that we have a most peaceful transition in Taiwan's history. Also because our new Premier, Dr. Lin Chen, is also independent. The two independent premiers did something that never happened before in Taiwan. The outgoing cabinet asked all the ministries to produce a checkpoint document detailing all the evidence of all the policy that they've been doing and uploaded to the public internet so that people including me could have a look of what has happened, what has transpired and what is going on. And the new cabinet then downloads it from the public internet for the transition. And I think this is very symbolic because as President Tsai said in her inauguration speech, she said before democracy was a showdown between two opposing values. But this transition showed that now a democracy could be a conversation between many diverse values. And so this is the principle of open government that we're working on. It is to increase dialogue between the many diverse values in the society in a peaceful way. And of course we had a demonstration of this sort before back in 2014 when a bunch of students occupied a parliament because the legislators refused to deliberate a particular trade service act. Now the students, the occupiers, did not just occupy in protest. In fact the demonstration was more like a demo of how can we involve half a million people on the street into a meaningful discussion between the many diverse values around the trade service agreement. So around the time the GovZero movement of hackers facilitated such a conversation publicly using digital technology for people who are both pro-the-occupy and also against the occupy with all of their different reasons so that we can see the deliberation results of the previous day and deepen the conversation the following day and after 22 days arrive at a consensus. Now why are there so many civic hackers in Taiwan volunteering to work on democracy? I think it's because our generation, I'm 35 now, is the first to speak out freely. Free speech was banned for 40 years during martial law, as many of you well know. And the year 1988 brought both the freedom of press and personal computers. And the year 1996 brought the first presidential election and the World Wide Web. So internet and democracy, they evolved together, spread together and integrated with each other in my generation. So what we free software hackers see free as freedom, we always focus on the social impact and how it can liberally rate the people's potential for communicating and exchanging their experiences, their reflections. So after the Occupy by the end of 2014, city-level elections brought many occupiers, sometimes surprisingly, to themselves, into local governments. At our national level, the new premier reached out to civic hackers to try to incorporate the Occupy style of policymaking into national matters. And one of our first major tasks was a virtual epidemic that has paralyzed many governments around the globe. It's the Uber. Uber is not just one company. It's a spreading idea, a virus of the mind, named as sharing economy. Governments couldn't do much about it. A city may shut down its local office, but the app just keeps running. And so the taxi drivers surrounded the Ministry of Transport and Communication protests demanding negotiation. But such memes are like biological virus, and we cannot really negotiate with such an idea. So back then, Minister Jacqueline Tsai, in charge of cyberspace affairs at the time, wanted to build with the civil society a discussion forum that involves all stakeholders. Now Taiwan didn't have such a national commission of deliberation, so the Ministry joined GovZero hackers to invent such a process. And we think that thinking deeply about something together is an effective vaccine against such a virus of mind. When everyone, including passengers and drivers, academics, public servants, listen to each other and form a consensus. We become immune to future PR campaigns. And so such a proper deliberation always starts with facts and our personal facts, our experiences of what do we know collectively. And then it proceeds to how do we feel about such facts, and everybody has a different feeling, and that's okay. And once we have a majority of feelings expressed in online forum and offline dialogue, we consult with stakeholders to come up with ideas. And the best ideas are the ideas that take care of the most people's feelings. And then finally, we ratify such ideas into decisions. And however, if any part of this process is not transparent, then people on the street to the left did not actually get the same facts as the policymakers, the private sectors, and the professional academics and so on on the right-hand side. And so when the facts differ and everybody's feelings can't really speak to one another, ideas become ideologies. Those are virus of the mind, more potent, that blind people to new facts and to each other's feelings. So our first step is always open data, that is to make all the facts available, not just numbers, but also meeting records, studies, analysis, and ask the private sector and civil society to publish so that we can all be on the same page. And then we hold an interactive survey. We presented participants in groups and showed yes or no statements one at a time, both of them. And all the participants had an avatar. When everyone clicked agree or disagree, the avatar moves toward a group of people who think like them. But we say that we need to start all the statements with what you're doing. I think that, I feel that, so that people can propose more nuanced feelings. And we take all the feelings that convince a super majority of people as the stakeholder topics to determine the agenda that we use to deliberate with the consultation forum with the stakeholders as shown here. And so after four weeks, participants has converged on a coherent set of reflections, expectations, suggestions, successfully forming a coherent agenda for the stakeholders to respond to in public. And it is then ratified. And then the administration, after ratification, saw that taxi no longer to be painted yellow, and app-based taxis are now free to operate, and apps must display car and driver identification, estimated fare and customer rating. And in fact, Uber, just after a brief pause, has restarted its operation just mid-April this year under the new regulation and as a formal participant to the legal operation. So it is with this experience, do I enter the civil service as the digital minister and trying to scale this experience, for it was an experiment, but if we want to apply it to all the policymaking, there's many issues of scale that we need to resolve together with the professional public service. And so this is what's called a public digital innovation space. And so we start with a forum that records everybody's questions for the digital minister and I answer them publicly within 24 days. You would think that I get overwhelmed, but actually people consulted each other's questions very effectively. And because each reply is sent to thousands of subscribers, it creates a frequently asked questions that let the people steer me toward the direction that they want for open government. And in addition to that, all the meetings that I hold, all the official visits and so on, I publish as transcripts on the website track.pdc.tw. And this includes professional lobbyists such as Ubers David Ploove. We had a very good discussion, but it was always the reminder that a recorder is there to stand for the other stakeholders. And so it is with this transparent way do we conduct the discussions necessary to bring the stakeholders together on a policy during the policymaking process. And so after I become the digital minister, I built the same tools that we use in the startup and in the technology world, such as shared file storage, multi-user spreadsheets and editors and documents, Kanban boards, mind maps and so on in a collaborative manner, but behind the cybersecurity department verified intranet so that we manage the entire policymaking process using such collaborative forms to encourage collaboration between ministries and between units and between the public sector, the private sector and the civil society. For the next few minutes, I'll just play a video outlining the open government process and then we'll get to the questions. Hello everyone, let's take a look at what ingredients we've prepared today. Let's take a look at what ingredients we've prepared today. Let's take a look at what ingredients we've prepared today. Let's take a look at what ingredients we've prepared today. Let's take a look at what ingredients we've prepared today. Let's take a look at what ingredients we've prepared today. Let's take a look at what ingredients we've prepared today. Let's take a look at what ingredients we've prepared today. Let's take a look at what ingredients we've prepared today. Let's take a look at what ingredients we've prepared today. Let's take a look at what ingredients we've prepared today. Let's take a look at what ingredients we've prepared today. Let's take a look at what ingredients we've prepared today. Peace!